Docker下的Spring Cloud三部曲之二:细说Spring Cloud开发

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程序员欣宸 发表于 2022/05/07 11:44:26 2022/05/07
【摘要】 《Docker下的Spring Cloud三部曲》的最后一篇,前面两篇我们实践了开发和制作镜像文件,运行一个基于spring cloud的RPC服务环境,今天我们来试试docker-compose的扩容功能,将我们的RPC服务做在线扩容

欢迎访问我的GitHub

这里分类和汇总了欣宸的全部原创(含配套源码):https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos

本篇概览

  • 本文是《Docker下的Spring Cloud三部曲》系列的第二篇,详细讲解上一篇实例中用到的eureka、provider、consumer等三个应用的开发过程;

环境信息

  • 回顾一下实战环境,如下图:

这里写图片描述

源码地址

  • 上图的eureka、provider、consumer是三个spring boot的web工程,源码可以在GitHub下载,地址和链接信息如下表所示:
名称 链接 备注
项目主页 https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos 该项目在GitHub上的主页
git仓库地址(https) https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos.git 该项目源码的仓库地址,https协议
git仓库地址(ssh) git@github.com:zq2599/blog_demos.git 该项目源码的仓库地址,ssh协议
  • 这个git项目中有多个工程,本次实战的工程是springcloudscaledemo,如下图红框所示:

这里写图片描述

如何将spring boot工程构建成docker镜像

  • 如果您想了解如何将spring boot工程构建docker镜像,欢迎访问以下三篇实战文章:
  1. 《maven构建docker镜像三部曲之一:准备环境》
  2. 《maven构建docker镜像三部曲之二:编码和构建镜像》;
  3. 《maven构建docker镜像三部曲之三:推送到远程仓库(内网和阿里云)》;
  • 本次实战用到的知识点主要集中在上面的第二部;

开发环境

  • 本次实战开发环境的具体信息如下:
  1. 操作系统:Ubuntu16;
  2. Docker版本:17.03.2-ce;
  3. JDK:1.8.0_151;
  4. maven:3.3.3;
  • 接下来我们依次开发eureka、provider、consumer等三个应用;

eureka-server应用的pom.xml

  • 新建一个名为 eureka-server的spring boot应用,pom.xml内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.bolingcavalry</groupId>
	<artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>eureka-server</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>

			<!--新增的docker maven插件-->
			<plugin>
				<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
				<artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>0.4.12</version>
				<!--docker镜像相关的配置信息-->
				<configuration>
					<!--镜像名,这里用工程名-->
					<imageName>bolingcavalry/${project.artifactId}</imageName>
					<!--TAG,这里用工程版本号-->
					<imageTags>
						<imageTag>${project.version}</imageTag>
					</imageTags>
					<!--镜像的FROM,使用java官方镜像-->
					<baseImage>java:8u111-jdk</baseImage>
					<!--该镜像的容器启动后,直接运行spring boot工程-->
					<entryPoint>["java", "-jar", "/${project.build.finalName}.jar"]</entryPoint>
					<!--构建镜像的配置信息-->
					<resources>
						<resource>
							<targetPath>/</targetPath>
							<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
							<include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include>
						</resource>
					</resources>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>
  • pom.xml中的几个关键点如下:
  1. spring cloud的版本是Edgware.SR1;
  2. 添加spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server的依赖;
  3. 添加spring-cloud-dependencies的依赖(pom的形式);
  4. 添加插件docker-maven-plugin,用于将当前工程制作成本地docker镜像;

eureka-server应用的源码

  • eureka-server应用只有一个java文件,内容如下:
package com.bolingcavalry.eurekaserver;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
	}
}
  • 注意要添加@EnableEurekaServer注解;

eureka-server的配置信息

  • 配置信息application.properties的内容如下:
server.port=8080

eureka.instance.hostname=localhost
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

构建eureka-server应用的docker镜像

  • 在pom.xml文件所在目录下,执行如下命令可以构建docker镜像:
mvn clean package -U -DskipTests docker:build
  • 构建成功后,执行命令docker images可见新构建的镜像,如下:
ubuntu@VM-129-56-ubuntu:~$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
bolingcavalry/eureka-server      0.0.1-SNAPSHOT      80663220a5f5        35 hours ago        683 MB
bolingcavalry/eureka-server      latest              80663220a5f5        35 hours ago        683 MB
  • eureka-server的镜像OK后,我们接下来构建provide的镜像;

provider应用的pom.xml

  • 新建一个名为service-provider的spring boot应用,pom.xml内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.bolingcavalry</groupId>
	<artifactId>service-provider</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>service-provider</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>

			<!--新增的docker maven插件-->
			<plugin>
				<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
				<artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>0.4.12</version>
				<!--docker镜像相关的配置信息-->
				<configuration>
					<!--镜像名,这里用工程名-->
					<imageName>bolingcavalry/${project.artifactId}</imageName>
					<!--TAG,这里用工程版本号-->
					<imageTags>
						<imageTag>${project.version}</imageTag>
					</imageTags>
					<!--镜像的FROM,使用java官方镜像-->
					<baseImage>java:8u111-jdk</baseImage>
					<!--该镜像的容器启动后,直接运行spring boot工程-->
					<entryPoint>["java", "-jar", "/${project.build.finalName}.jar"]</entryPoint>
					<!--构建镜像的配置信息-->
					<resources>
						<resource>
							<targetPath>/</targetPath>
							<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
							<include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include>
						</resource>
					</resources>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

provider应用的源码

  • 入口类ServiceProviderApplication的源码如下:
package com.bolingcavalry.serviceprovider;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ServiceProviderApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ServiceProviderApplication.class, args);
	}
}
  • 注意要添加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解;

  • 只有一个controller类UserController ,对外提供http服务:

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getuserinfo/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getUserInfo(@PathVariable String id){
        return String.format("user[%s]", id);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/getuserinfo", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getUserInfoWithRequestParam(@RequestParam("id") String id, @RequestParam("name") String name){
        return String.format("user [%s], id [%s], from server [%s]", name, id, getIPAddr());
    }

    /**
     * 获取本机IP地址
     * @return
     */
    private static String getIPAddr(){
        String hostAddress = null;
        try{
            InetAddress address = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
            hostAddress = address.getHostAddress();
        }catch (UnknownHostException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return hostAddress;
    }
}
  • 上面的controller提供两个http服务,getUserInfoWithRequestParam服务会返回应用所在机器的IP地址;

provider的配置信息

  • provider的配置信息存放在application.yml文件中,内容如下:
server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-provider-user
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://eurekahost:8080/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

构建provider应用的docker镜像

  • 在pom.xml文件所在目录下,执行如下命令可以构建docker镜像:
mvn clean package -U -DskipTests docker:build
  • 构建成功后,执行命令docker images可见新构建的镜像,如下:
ubuntu@VM-129-56-ubuntu:~$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
bolingcavalry/eureka-server      0.0.1-SNAPSHOT      80663220a5f5        35 hours ago        683 MB
bolingcavalry/eureka-server      latest              80663220a5f5        35 hours ago        683 MB
bolingcavalry/service-provider   0.0.1-SNAPSHOT      a02f307bc1a9        22 hours ago        683 MB
bolingcavalry/service-provider   latest              a02f307bc1a9        22 hours ago        683 MB
  • provider已经OK,接下来是consumer工程;

consumer应用的pom.xml

  • 新建一个名为service-consumer的spring boot应用,pom.xml内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.bolingcavalry</groupId>
	<artifactId>service-consumer</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>service-consumer</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>

			<!--新增的docker maven插件-->
			<plugin>
				<groupId>com.spotify</groupId>
				<artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>0.4.12</version>
				<!--docker镜像相关的配置信息-->
				<configuration>
					<!--镜像名,这里用工程名-->
					<imageName>bolingcavalry/${project.artifactId}</imageName>
					<!--TAG,这里用工程版本号-->
					<imageTags>
						<imageTag>${project.version}</imageTag>
					</imageTags>
					<!--镜像的FROM,使用java官方镜像-->
					<baseImage>java:8u111-jdk</baseImage>
					<!--该镜像的容器启动后,直接运行spring boot工程-->
					<entryPoint>["java", "-jar", "/${project.build.finalName}.jar"]</entryPoint>
					<!--构建镜像的配置信息-->
					<resources>
						<resource>
							<targetPath>/</targetPath>
							<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
							<include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include>
						</resource>
					</resources>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>
  • 和前面两个应用相比,这里要引入spring-cloud-starter-feign

consumer的源码

  • 入口类ServiceConsumerApplication 源码如下:
package com.bolingcavalry.serviceconsumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class ServiceConsumerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ServiceConsumerApplication.class, args);
	}
}
  • 注意要增加@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplication这两个注解;

  • 增加一个带注解@FeignClient的接口,用于在spring cloud环境中声明远程调用信息:

@FeignClient(name = "microservice-provider-user")
public interface UserFeignClient {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/getuserinfo", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    String getUserInfoWithRequestParam(@RequestParam("id") String id, @RequestParam("name") String name);
}
  • 增加一个controller类UserFacadeController,为浏览器访问提供http服务,并且在响应请求的时候会通过UserFeignClient接口的实现远程调用provider应用的服务:
@RestController
public class UserFacadeController {

    @Autowired
    private UserFeignClient userFeignClient;

    @GetMapping("/user/{id}/{name}")
    public String getUserInfo(@PathVariable("id") final String id, @PathVariable("name") final String name) {
        return "1. ---" + userFeignClient.getUserInfoWithRequestParam(id, name);
    }
}

consumer的配置信息

  • provider的配置信息存放在application.yml文件中,内容如下:
server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  application:
    name: service-consumer
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://eurekahost:8080/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

构建provider应用的docker镜像

  • 在pom.xml文件所在目录下,执行如下命令可以构建docker镜像:
mvn clean package -U -DskipTests docker:build
  • 构建成功后,执行命令docker images可见新构建的镜像,如下:
ubuntu@VM-129-56-ubuntu:~$docker images
REPOSITORY                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
bolingcavalry/service-provider   0.0.1-SNAPSHOT      a02f307bc1a9        47 hours ago        683 MB
bolingcavalry/service-provider   latest              a02f307bc1a9        47 hours ago        683 MB
bolingcavalry/service-consumer   0.0.1-SNAPSHOT      ae6b37b99754        2 days ago          683 MB
bolingcavalry/service-consumer   latest              ae6b37b99754        2 days ago          683 MB
bolingcavalry/eureka-server      0.0.1-SNAPSHOT      80663220a5f5        2 days ago          683 MB
bolingcavalry/eureka-server      latest              80663220a5f5        2 days ago          683 MB
  • 至此,本次实战所需的所有镜像都制作完毕,相关的demo工程的开发过程我们也一起过了一遍,上一章中的实战您已经可以独立做出来了,接下来的实战中,我们一起来尝试服务横向扩容;

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