HDLBits 系列(21)LFSR(线性反馈移位寄存器)
目录
5 bit LFSR
A linear feedback shift register is a shift register usually with a few XOR gates to produce the next state of the shift register. A Galois LFSR is one particular arrangement where bit positions with a "tap" are XORed with the output bit to produce its next value, while bit positions without a tap shift. If the taps positions are carefully chosen, the LFSR can be made to be "maximum-length". A maximum-length LFSR of n bits cycles through 2n-1 states before repeating (the all-zero state is never reached).
The following diagram shows a 5-bit maximal-length Galois LFSR with taps at bit positions 5 and 3. (Tap positions are usually numbered starting from 1). Note that I drew the XOR gate at position 5 for consistency, but one of the XOR gate inputs is 0.
Module Declaration
module top_module( input clk, input reset, // Active-high synchronous reset to 5'h1 output [4:0] q );
线性反馈移位寄存器是通常带有几个XOR门的移位寄存器,用于产生移位寄存器的下一个状态。 Galois LFSR是一种特殊的移位寄存器,其中将带有“抽头”的位位置与输出位进行异或运算以产生其下一个值。 如果仔细选择抽头位置,则可以将LFSR设为“最大长度”。 n位的最大长度LFSR在重复之前循环经过2n-1个状态(永远不会达到全零状态)。
下图显示了一个5位最大长度的Galois LFSR,在位置5和3处有抽头(抽头位置通常从1开始编号)。 请注意,为保持一致性,我在位置5处绘制了XOR门,但XOR门输入之一为0。
说到底,就是一个移位寄存器,只不过某些输入不是上一级触发器的输出,而是有可能和其他级的输出进行了异或作为当前的输入;
给出设计(与0异或等于本身):
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module top_module(
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input clk,
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input reset, // Active-high synchronous reset to 5'h1
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output reg [4:0] q
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);
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always@(posedge clk) begin
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if(reset) q <= 5'h1;
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else begin
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// q[4] <= q[0];
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// q[3] <= q[4];
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// q[2] <= q[3]^q[0];
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//q[1] <= q[2];
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//q[0] <= q[1];
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q <= {q[0],q[4],q[3]^q[0],q[2:1]};
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end
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end
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-
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endmodule
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3 bit LFSR
Module Declaration
module top_module ( input [2:0] SW, // R input [1:0] KEY, // L and clk output [2:0] LEDR); // Q
下面对上面的电路进行设计:
首先,可以看出有三个类似的模块可以调用,那就描述出来这个子模块如下:
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module sequential_com(
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input clk,
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input in1,
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input in0,
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input sel,
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output q
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);
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wire in_sel;
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assign in_sel = sel ? in1 : in0;
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reg q_mid = 0;
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always@(posedge clk) begin
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q_mid <= in_sel;
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end
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assign q = q_mid;
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endmodule
例化该子模块得到顶层设计:
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module top_module (
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input [2:0] SW, // R
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input [1:0] KEY, // L and clk
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output [2:0] LEDR); // Q
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sequential_com isnt0(
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.clk(KEY[0]),
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.in1(SW[0]),
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.in0(LEDR[2]),
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.sel(KEY[1]),
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.q(LEDR[0])
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);
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sequential_com isnt1(
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.clk(KEY[0]),
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.in1(SW[1]),
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.in0(LEDR[0]),
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.sel(KEY[1]),
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.q(LEDR[1])
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);
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sequential_com isnt2(
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.clk(KEY[0]),
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.in1(SW[2]),
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.in0(LEDR[1]^LEDR[2]),
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.sel(KEY[1]),
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.q(LEDR[2])
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);
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-
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endmodule
32 bit LFSR
Build a 32-bit Galois LFSR with taps at bit positions 32, 22, 2, and 1.
第一题就写了5 bit的LFSR,这一题只不过多了几位,且告诉你抽头在32, 22, 2, and 1,这几个位置,请设计电路?
如何做这个题目呢?
其实很简单,先写一个位数少的,找下规律,就可以了:
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module top_module(
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input clk,
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input reset, // Active-high synchronous reset to 32'h1
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output [31:0] q
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);
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reg [31:0] q1;
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always@(posedge clk) begin
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if(reset) q1 <= 32'h1;
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else begin
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q1 <= {q1[0],q1[31:23],q1[0]^q1[22],q1[21:3],q1[0]^q1[2],q1[0]^q1[1]};
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end
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end
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assign q = q1;
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endmodule
文章来源: reborn.blog.csdn.net,作者:李锐博恩,版权归原作者所有,如需转载,请联系作者。
原文链接:reborn.blog.csdn.net/article/details/103274946
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