Sphinx自动生成Python文档

sphinx是一种基于Python的文档工具，它可以令人轻松的撰写出清晰且优美的文档，由Georg Brandl在BSD许可证下开发。新版的Python3文档就是由sphinx生成的，其他诸如机器学习库scikit-learn、Jupyter Notebook也是基于sphinx生成的。

安装sphinx包

pip install sphinx

尝试

1）新建项目sphinx_test，src放项目代码，doc放sphinx自动生成的文件

2）src目录下放google_style代码、numpy_style代码（代码赋在最后）
3.命令行进入doc目录cd doc
4.执行命令sphinx-quickstart，设置结构分离、项目名、作者名、版本号、语言（配置后面可修改）

> Separate source and build directories (y/n) [n]: y
> Project name: sphinx_test
> Author name(s): liyu
> Project release []: 1.0
> Project language [en]: zh_CN 或 回车默认英文

5.在doc/source/conf.py指定项目代码路径

import os
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('../../src'))

6.在doc/source/conf.py修改扩展extensions，添加功能【包括注释中的文档】、【支持NumPy和Google风格】、【包括测试片段】、【链接到其他项目的文档】、【TODO项】、【文档覆盖率统计】、【通过javascript呈现数学】

extensions = [
    'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
    'sphinx.ext.napoleon',
    'sphinx.ext.doctest',
    'sphinx.ext.intersphinx',
    'sphinx.ext.todo',
    'sphinx.ext.coverage',
    'sphinx.ext.mathjax',
]

8.生成HTMLmake html
9.打开build/html/google_style

重新生成文档

1. 项目代码未变更
   在doc下执行命令make clean
   在doc下执行命令make html（直接也行）
2. 项目代码已变更
   删除doc/build下的所有文件夹
   删除doc/source下除index.rst的所有.rst文件
   在doc下执行命令sphinx-apidoc -o source …/src/
   在doc下执行命令make html

切换主题

1.安装主题pip install sphinx_rtd_theme
2.修改doc/source/conf.py的html_theme

html_theme = 'sphinx_rtd_theme'

3.重新生成

主题可以参考

https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/examples.html#documentation-using-the-alabaster-theme

https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/theming.html

napoleon支持Numpy和Google_style风格

https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/extensions/napoleon.html

设置PyCharm Docstrings风格

代码：

numpy_style:

"""Example NumPy style docstrings.

This module demonstrates documentation as specified by the `NumPy
Documentation HOWTO`_. Docstrings may extend over multiple lines. Sections
are created with a section header followed by an underline of equal length.

Example
-------
Examples can be given using either the ``Example`` or ``Examples``
sections. Sections support any reStructuredText formatting, including
literal blocks::

    $ python example_numpy.py


Section breaks are created with two blank lines. Section breaks are also
implicitly created anytime a new section starts. Section bodies *may* be
indented:

Notes
-----
    This is an example of an indented section. It's like any other section,
    but the body is indented to help it stand out from surrounding text.

If a section is indented, then a section break is created by
resuming unindented text.

Attributes
----------
module_level_variable1 : int
    Module level variables may be documented in either the ``Attributes``
    section of the module docstring, or in an inline docstring immediately
    following the variable.

    Either form is acceptable, but the two should not be mixed. Choose
    one convention to document module level variables and be consistent
    with it.


.. _NumPy Documentation HOWTO:
   https://github.com/numpy/numpy/blob/master/doc/HOWTO_DOCUMENT.rst.txt

"""

module_level_variable1 = 12345

module_level_variable2 = 98765
"""int: Module level variable documented inline.

The docstring may span multiple lines. The type may optionally be specified
on the first line, separated by a colon.
"""


def function_with_types_in_docstring(param1, param2):
    """Example function with types documented in the docstring.

    `PEP 484`_ type annotations are supported. If attribute, parameter, and
    return types are annotated according to `PEP 484`_, they do not need to be
    included in the docstring:

    Parameters
    ----------
    param1 : int
        The first parameter.
    param2 : str
        The second parameter.

    Returns
    -------
    bool
        True if successful, False otherwise.

    .. _PEP 484:
        https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0484/

    """


def function_with_pep484_type_annotations(param1: int, param2: str) -> bool:
    """Example function with PEP 484 type annotations.

    The return type must be duplicated in the docstring to comply
    with the NumPy docstring style.

    Parameters
    ----------
    param1
        The first parameter.
    param2
        The second parameter.

    Returns
    -------
    bool
        True if successful, False otherwise.

    """


def module_level_function(param1, param2=None, *args, **kwargs):
    """This is an example of a module level function.

    Function parameters should be documented in the ``Parameters`` section.
    The name of each parameter is required. The type and description of each
    parameter is optional, but should be included if not obvious.

    If ``*args`` or ``**kwargs`` are accepted,
    they should be listed as ``*args`` and ``**kwargs``.

    The format for a parameter is::

        name : type
            description

            The description may span multiple lines. Following lines
            should be indented to match the first line of the description.
            The ": type" is optional.

            Multiple paragraphs are supported in parameter
            descriptions.

    Parameters
    ----------
    param1 : int
        The first parameter.
    param2 : :obj:`str`, optional
        The second parameter.
    *args
        Variable length argument list.
    **kwargs
        Arbitrary keyword arguments.

    Returns
    -------
    bool
        True if successful, False otherwise.

        The return type is not optional. The ``Returns`` section may span
        multiple lines and paragraphs. Following lines should be indented to
        match the first line of the description.

        The ``Returns`` section supports any reStructuredText formatting,
        including literal blocks::

            {
                'param1': param1,
                'param2': param2
            }

    Raises
    ------
    AttributeError
        The ``Raises`` section is a list of all exceptions
        that are relevant to the interface.
    ValueError
        If `param2` is equal to `param1`.

    """
    if param1 == param2:
        raise ValueError('param1 may not be equal to param2')
    return True


def example_generator(n):
    """Generators have a ``Yields`` section instead of a ``Returns`` section.

    Parameters
    ----------
    n : int
        The upper limit of the range to generate, from 0 to `n` - 1.

    Yields
    ------
    int
        The next number in the range of 0 to `n` - 1.

    Examples
    --------
    Examples should be written in doctest format, and should illustrate how
    to use the function.

    >>> print([i for i in example_generator(4)])
    [0, 1, 2, 3]

    """
    for i in range(n):
        yield i


class ExampleError(Exception):
    """Exceptions are documented in the same way as classes.

    The __init__ method may be documented in either the class level
    docstring, or as a docstring on the __init__ method itself.

    Either form is acceptable, but the two should not be mixed. Choose one
    convention to document the __init__ method and be consistent with it.

    Note
    ----
    Do not include the `self` parameter in the ``Parameters`` section.

    Parameters
    ----------
    msg : str
        Human readable string describing the exception.
    code : :obj:`int`, optional
        Numeric error code.

    Attributes
    ----------
    msg : str
        Human readable string describing the exception.
    code : int
        Numeric error code.

    """

    def __init__(self, msg, code):
        self.msg = msg
        self.code = code


class ExampleClass:
    """The summary line for a class docstring should fit on one line.

    If the class has public attributes, they may be documented here
    in an ``Attributes`` section and follow the same formatting as a
    function's ``Args`` section. Alternatively, attributes may be documented
    inline with the attribute's declaration (see __init__ method below).

    Properties created with the ``@property`` decorator should be documented
    in the property's getter method.

    Attributes
    ----------
    attr1 : str
        Description of `attr1`.
    attr2 : :obj:`int`, optional
        Description of `attr2`.

    """

    def __init__(self, param1, param2, param3):
        """Example of docstring on the __init__ method.

        The __init__ method may be documented in either the class level
        docstring, or as a docstring on the __init__ method itself.

        Either form is acceptable, but the two should not be mixed. Choose one
        convention to document the __init__ method and be consistent with it.

        Note
        ----
        Do not include the `self` parameter in the ``Parameters`` section.

        Parameters
        ----------
        param1 : str
            Description of `param1`.
        param2 : list(str)
            Description of `param2`. Multiple
            lines are supported.
        param3 : :obj:`int`, optional
            Description of `param3`.

        """
        self.attr1 = param1
        self.attr2 = param2
        self.attr3 = param3  #: Doc comment *inline* with attribute

        #: list(str): Doc comment *before* attribute, with type specified
        self.attr4 = ["attr4"]

        self.attr5 = None
        """str: Docstring *after* attribute, with type specified."""

    @property
    def readonly_property(self):
        """str: Properties should be documented in their getter method."""
        return "readonly_property"

    @property
    def readwrite_property(self):
        """list(str): Properties with both a getter and setter
        should only be documented in their getter method.

        If the setter method contains notable behavior, it should be
        mentioned here.
        """
        return ["readwrite_property"]

    @readwrite_property.setter
    def readwrite_property(self, value):
        value

    def example_method(self, param1, param2):
        """Class methods are similar to regular functions.

        Note
        ----
        Do not include the `self` parameter in the ``Parameters`` section.

        Parameters
        ----------
        param1
            The first parameter.
        param2
            The second parameter.

        Returns
        -------
        bool
            True if successful, False otherwise.

        """
        return True

    def __special__(self):
        """By default special members with docstrings are not included.

        Special members are any methods or attributes that start with and
        end with a double underscore. Any special member with a docstring
        will be included in the output, if
        ``napoleon_include_special_with_doc`` is set to True.

        This behavior can be enabled by changing the following setting in
        Sphinx's conf.py::

            napoleon_include_special_with_doc = True

        """
        pass

    def __special_without_docstring__(self):
        pass

    def _private(self):
        """By default private members are not included.

        Private members are any methods or attributes that start with an
        underscore and are *not* special. By default they are not included
        in the output.

        This behavior can be changed such that private members *are* included
        by changing the following setting in Sphinx's conf.py::

            napoleon_include_private_with_doc = True

        """
        pass

    def _private_without_docstring(self):
        pass

google_style:

"""Example Google style docstrings.

This module demonstrates documentation as specified by the `Google Python
Style Guide`_. Docstrings may extend over multiple lines. Sections are created
with a section header and a colon followed by a block of indented text.

Example:
    Examples can be given using either the ``Example`` or ``Examples``
    sections. Sections support any reStructuredText formatting, including
    literal blocks::

        $ python example_google.py

Section breaks are created by resuming unindented text. Section breaks
are also implicitly created anytime a new section starts.

Attributes:
    module_level_variable1 (int): Module level variables may be documented in
        either the ``Attributes`` section of the module docstring, or in an
        inline docstring immediately following the variable.

        Either form is acceptable, but the two should not be mixed. Choose
        one convention to document module level variables and be consistent
        with it.

Todo:
    * For module TODOs
    * You have to also use ``sphinx.ext.todo`` extension

.. _Google Python Style Guide:
   https://google.github.io/styleguide/pyguide.html

"""

module_level_variable1 = 12345

module_level_variable2 = 98765
"""int: Module level variable documented inline.

The docstring may span multiple lines. The type may optionally be specified
on the first line, separated by a colon.
"""


def function_with_types_in_docstring(param1, param2):
    """Example function with types documented in the docstring.

    `PEP 484`_ type annotations are supported. If attribute, parameter, and
    return types are annotated according to `PEP 484`_, they do not need to be
    included in the docstring:

    Args:
        param1 (int): The first parameter.
        param2 (str): The second parameter.

    Returns:
        bool: The return value. True for success, False otherwise.

    .. _PEP 484:
        https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0484/

    """


def function_with_pep484_type_annotations(param1: int, param2: str) -> bool:
    """Example function with PEP 484 type annotations.

    Args:
        param1: The first parameter.
        param2: The second parameter.

    Returns:
        The return value. True for success, False otherwise.

    """


def module_level_function(param1, param2=None, *args, **kwargs):
    """This is an example of a module level function.

    Function parameters should be documented in the ``Args`` section. The name
    of each parameter is required. The type and description of each parameter
    is optional, but should be included if not obvious.

    If ``*args`` or ``**kwargs`` are accepted,
    they should be listed as ``*args`` and ``**kwargs``.

    The format for a parameter is::

        name (type): description
            The description may span multiple lines. Following
            lines should be indented. The "(type)" is optional.

            Multiple paragraphs are supported in parameter
            descriptions.

    Args:
        param1 (int): The first parameter.
        param2 (:obj:`str`, optional): The second parameter. Defaults to None.
            Second line of description should be indented.
        *args: Variable length argument list.
        **kwargs: Arbitrary keyword arguments.

    Returns:
        bool: True if successful, False otherwise.

        The return type is optional and may be specified at the beginning of
        the ``Returns`` section followed by a colon.

        The ``Returns`` section may span multiple lines and paragraphs.
        Following lines should be indented to match the first line.

        The ``Returns`` section supports any reStructuredText formatting,
        including literal blocks::

            {
                'param1': param1,
                'param2': param2
            }

    Raises:
        AttributeError: The ``Raises`` section is a list of all exceptions
            that are relevant to the interface.
        ValueError: If `param2` is equal to `param1`.

    """
    if param1 == param2:
        raise ValueError('param1 may not be equal to param2')
    return True


def example_generator(n):
    """Generators have a ``Yields`` section instead of a ``Returns`` section.

    Args:
        n (int): The upper limit of the range to generate, from 0 to `n` - 1.

    Yields:
        int: The next number in the range of 0 to `n` - 1.

    Examples:
        Examples should be written in doctest format, and should illustrate how
        to use the function.

        >>> print([i for i in example_generator(4)])
        [0, 1, 2, 3]

    """
    for i in range(n):
        yield i


class ExampleError(Exception):
    """Exceptions are documented in the same way as classes.

    The __init__ method may be documented in either the class level
    docstring, or as a docstring on the __init__ method itself.

    Either form is acceptable, but the two should not be mixed. Choose one
    convention to document the __init__ method and be consistent with it.

    Note:
        Do not include the `self` parameter in the ``Args`` section.

    Args:
        msg (str): Human readable string describing the exception.
        code (:obj:`int`, optional): Error code.

    Attributes:
        msg (str): Human readable string describing the exception.
        code (int): Exception error code.

    """

    def __init__(self, msg, code):
        self.msg = msg
        self.code = code


class ExampleClass:
    """The summary line for a class docstring should fit on one line.

    If the class has public attributes, they may be documented here
    in an ``Attributes`` section and follow the same formatting as a
    function's ``Args`` section. Alternatively, attributes may be documented
    inline with the attribute's declaration (see __init__ method below).

    Properties created with the ``@property`` decorator should be documented
    in the property's getter method.

    Attributes:
        attr1 (str): Description of `attr1`.
        attr2 (:obj:`int`, optional): Description of `attr2`.

    """

    def __init__(self, param1, param2, param3):
        """Example of docstring on the __init__ method.

        The __init__ method may be documented in either the class level
        docstring, or as a docstring on the __init__ method itself.

        Either form is acceptable, but the two should not be mixed. Choose one
        convention to document the __init__ method and be consistent with it.

        Note:
            Do not include the `self` parameter in the ``Args`` section.

        Args:
            param1 (str): Description of `param1`.
            param2 (:obj:`int`, optional): Description of `param2`. Multiple
                lines are supported.
            param3 (list(str)): Description of `param3`.

        """
        self.attr1 = param1
        self.attr2 = param2
        self.attr3 = param3  #: Doc comment *inline* with attribute

        #: list(str): Doc comment *before* attribute, with type specified
        self.attr4 = ['attr4']

        self.attr5 = None
        """str: Docstring *after* attribute, with type specified."""

    @property
    def readonly_property(self):
        """str: Properties should be documented in their getter method."""
        return 'readonly_property'

    @property
    def readwrite_property(self):
        """list(str): Properties with both a getter and setter
        should only be documented in their getter method.

        If the setter method contains notable behavior, it should be
        mentioned here.
        """
        return ['readwrite_property']

    @readwrite_property.setter
    def readwrite_property(self, value):
        value

    def example_method(self, param1, param2):
        """Class methods are similar to regular functions.

        Note:
            Do not include the `self` parameter in the ``Args`` section.

        Args:
            param1: The first parameter.
            param2: The second parameter.

        Returns:
            True if successful, False otherwise.

        """
        return True

    def __special__(self):
        """By default special members with docstrings are not included.

        Special members are any methods or attributes that start with and
        end with a double underscore. Any special member with a docstring
        will be included in the output, if
        ``napoleon_include_special_with_doc`` is set to True.

        This behavior can be enabled by changing the following setting in
        Sphinx's conf.py::

            napoleon_include_special_with_doc = True

        """
        pass

    def __special_without_docstring__(self):
        pass

    def _private(self):
        """By default private members are not included.

        Private members are any methods or attributes that start with an
        underscore and are *not* special. By default they are not included
        in the output.

        This behavior can be changed such that private members *are* included
        by changing the following setting in Sphinx's conf.py::

            napoleon_include_private_with_doc = True

        """
        pass

    def _private_without_docstring(self):
        pass

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