《人工智能即将彻底改变你使用计算机的方式并颠覆软件行业》

By Bill Gates | November 09, 2023

原文链接：《AI is about to completely change how you use computers》，https://www.gatesnotes.com/AI-agents；

I still love software as much today as I did when Paul Allen and I started Microsoft. But—even though it has improved a lot in the decades since then—in many ways, software is still pretty dumb.

To do any task on a computer, you have to tell your device which app to use. You can use Microsoft Word and Google Docs to draft a business proposal, but they can’t help you send an email, share a selfie, analyze data, schedule a party, or buy movie tickets. And even the best sites have an incomplete understanding of your work, personal life, interests, and relationships and a limited ability to use this information to do things for you. That’s the kind of thing that is only possible today with another human being, like a close friend or personal assistant.

今天我仍然像保罗·艾伦和我创办微软时一样热爱软件，但是，尽管从那时起的几十年里，软件已经有了很大的进步，但在很多方面，仍然相当愚蠢。

要在计算机上执行任何任务，您必须告诉设备要使用哪个应用程序。 您可以使用 Microsoft Word 和 Google Docs 起草商业提案，但它们无法帮助您发送电子邮件、分享自拍照、分析数据、安排聚会或购买电影票。 即使是最好的网站也无法完全了解您的工作、个人生活、兴趣和人际关系，并且使用这些信息为您做事的能力也有限。 这种事情只有在今天与另一个人（例如亲密的朋友或私人助理）合作时才有可能实现。

In the next five years, this will change completely. You won’t have to use different apps for different tasks. You’ll simply tell your device, in everyday language, what you want to do. And depending on how much information you choose to share with it, the software will be able to respond personally because it will have a rich understanding of your life. In the near future, anyone who’s online will be able to have a personal assistant powered by artificial intelligence that’s far beyond today’s technology.

This type of software—something that responds to natural language and can accomplish many different tasks based on its knowledge of the user—is called an agent. I’ve been thinking about agents for nearly 30 years and wrote about them in my 1995 book The Road Ahead, but they’ve only recently become practical because of advances in AI.

Agents are not only going to changse how everyone interacts with computers. They’re also going to upend the software industry, bringing about the biggest revolution in computing since we went from typing commands to tapping on icons.

未来五年，这种情况将彻底改变。 您不必为不同的任务使用不同的应用程序。 您只需用日常语言告诉您的设备您想做什么。 根据您选择与之分享的信息量， 该软件将能够做出个性化响应，因为它将对您的生活有丰富的了解。 在不久的将来，任何上网的人都将能够拥有一个由人工智能提供支持的个人助理，这远远超出了当今的技术。

这种类型的软件可以响应自然语言，并且可以根据对用户的了解来完成许多不同的任务，称为代理。 我对智能体的思考已经有近 30 年了，并在 1995 年的《未来之路》一书中写到了它们，但由于人工智能的进步，它们直到最近才变得实用。

代理不仅会改变每个人与计算机交互的方式。 它们还将颠覆软件行业，带来自我们从键入命令到点击图标以来最大的计算革命。

Some critics have pointed out that software companies have offered this kind of thing before, and users didn’t exactly embrace them. (People still joke about Clippy, the digital assistant that we included in Microsoft Office and later dropped.) Why will people use agents?

The answer is that they’ll be dramatically better. You’ll be able to have nuanced conversations with them. They will be much more personalized, and they won’t be limited to relatively simple tasks like writing a letter. Clippy has as much in common with agents as a rotary phone has with a mobile device.

An agent will be able to help you with all your activities if you want it to. With permission to follow your online interactions and real-world locations, it will develop a powerful understanding of the people, places, and activities you engage in. It will get your personal and work relationships, hobbies, preferences, and schedule. You’ll choose how and when it steps in to help with something or ask you to make a decision.

每个人的私人助理

一些批评者指出，软件公司以前已经提供过这种东西，但用户并没有完全接受它们。 （人们仍然拿 Clippy 开玩笑，Clippy 是我们包含在 Microsoft Office 中但后来被放弃的数字助理。）为什么人们会使用代理？

答案是他们会变得更好。 您将能够与他们进行细致入微的对话。 他们将更加个性化，并且不会局限于写信等相对简单的任务。 Clippy 与代理之间的共同点就像旋转电话与移动设备一样多。

如果您愿意，代理人将能够帮助您完成所有活动。 在获得跟踪您的在线互动和现实世界位置的许可后，它将对您参与的人员、地点和活动有深入的了解。它将获取您的个人和工作关系、爱好、偏好和日程安排。 您将选择它如何以及何时介入以帮助解决某事或要求您做出决定。

To see the dramatic change that agents will bring, let’s compare them to the AI tools available today. Most of these are bots. They’re limited to one app and generally only step in when you write a particular word or ask for help. Because they don’t remember how you use them from one time to the next, they don’t get better or learn any of your preferences. Clippy was a bot, not an agent.

Agents are smarter. They’re proactive—capable of making suggestions before you ask for them. They accomplish tasks across applications. They improve over time because they remember your activities and recognize intent and patterns in your behavior. Based on this information, they offer to provide what they think you need, although you will always make the final decisions.

Imagine that you want to plan a trip. A travel bot will identify hotels that fit your budget. An agent will know what time of year you’ll be traveling and, based on its knowledge about whether you always try a new destination or like to return to the same place repeatedly, it will be able to suggest locations. When asked, it will recommend things to do based on your interests and propensity for adventure, and it will book reservations at the types of restaurants you would enjoy. If you want this kind of deeply personalized planning today, you need to pay a travel agent and spend time telling them what you want.

The most exciting impact of AI agents is the way they will democratize services that today are too expensive for most people. They’ll have an especially big influence in four areas: health care, education, productivity, and entertainment and shopping.

为了了解代理将带来的巨大变化，让我们将它们与当今可用的人工智能工具进行比较。 其中大多数是机器人。 它们仅限于一个应用程序，并且通常仅在您写下特定单词或寻求帮助时才会介入。 因为他们不记得你每次如何使用它们，所以他们不会变得更好或了解你的任何偏好。 Clippy 是一个机器人，而不是代理。

代理商更聪明。 他们很主动——能够在你提出建议之前就提出建议。 他们跨应用程序完成任务。 随着时间的推移，他们会不断进步，因为他们会记住您的活动并识别您行为的意图和模式。 根据这些信息，他们会提供他们认为您需要的东西，但最终决定权始终由您做出。

想象一下您想要计划一次旅行。 旅行机器人将识别适合您预算的酒店。 代理会知道您一年中的什么时间旅行，并且根据其对您是否总是尝试新目的地或喜欢反复返回同一个地方的了解，它将能够建议地点。 当您询问时，它会根据您的兴趣和冒险倾向推荐可以做的事情，并预订您喜欢的餐厅类型。 如果您今天想要这种深度个性化的计划，您需要向旅行社付费并花时间告诉他们您想要什么。

人工智能代理最令人兴奋的影响是它们将使当今对大多数人来说过于昂贵的服务民主化。 他们将在四个领域产生特别大的影响：医疗保健、教育、生产力以及娱乐和购物。

Today, AI’s main role in healthcare is to help with administrative tasks. Abridge, Nuance DAX, and Nabla Copilot, for example, can capture audio during an appointment and then write up notes for the doctor to review.

The real shift will come when agents can help patients do basic triage, get advice about how to deal with health problems, and decide whether they need to seek treatment. These agents will also help healthcare workers make decisions and be more productive. (Already, apps like Glass Health can analyze a patient summary and suggest diagnoses for the doctor to consider.) Helping patients and healthcare workers will be especially beneficial for people in poor countries, where many never get to see a doctor at all.

These clinician-agents will be slower than others to roll out because getting things right is a matter of life and death. People will need to see evidence that health agents are beneficial overall, even though they won’t be perfect and will make mistakes. Of course, humans make mistakes too, and having no access to medical care is also a problem.

如今，人工智能在医疗保健领域的主要作用是帮助完成管理任务。 例如，Abridge、Nuance DAX 和 Nabla Copilot 可以在预约期间捕获音频，然后写下笔记供医生查看。

当医疗人员可以帮助患者进行基本分类、获得有关如何处理健康问题的建议并决定他们是否需要寻求治疗时，真正的转变才会到来。 这些代理还将帮助医护人员做出决策并提高工作效率。 （像 Glass Health 这样的应用程序已经可以分析患者的摘要并提出诊断建议供医生考虑。）帮助患者和医护人员对于贫困国家的人们尤其有益，因为那里的许多人根本没有机会去看医生。

这些临床医生代理的推出速度会比其他代理慢，因为把事情做好是生死攸关的问题。 人们需要看到证据证明健康药物总体上是有益的，尽管它们并不完美并且会犯错误。 当然，人类也会犯错，得不到医疗也是一个问题。

Mental health care is another example of a service that agents will make available to virtually everyone. Today, weekly therapy sessions seem like a luxury. But there is a lot of unmet need, and many people who could benefit from therapy don’t have access to it. For example, RANDfound that half of all U.S. military veterans who need mental health care don’t get it.

AI agents that are well trained in mental health will make therapy much more affordable and easier to get. Wysa and Youper are two of the early chatbots here. But agents will go much deeper. If you choose to share enough information with a mental health agent, it will understand your life history and your relationships. It’ll be available when you need it, and it will never get impatient. It could even, with your permission, monitor your physical responses to therapy through your smart watch—like if your heart starts to race when you’re talking about a problem with your boss—and suggest when you should see a human therapist.

心理健康护理是代理人将为几乎所有人提供的服务的另一个例子。 如今，每周一次的治疗似乎是一种奢侈。 但还有很多未满足的需求，许多本来可以从治疗中受益的人却无法获得治疗。 例如，兰德公司发现，一半需要心理健康护理的美国退伍军人没有得到治疗。

在心理健康方面接受过良好培训的人工智能代理将使治疗变得更加经济实惠且更容易获得。 Wysa 和 Youper 是这里的两个早期聊天机器人。 但特工们会走得更深入。 如果您选择与心理健康代理人分享足够的信息，它将了解您的生活史和人际关系。 当您需要时，它会随时可用，并且永远不会不耐烦。 在您的许可下，它甚至可以通过智能手表监测您对治疗的身体反应（例如，当您与老板谈论问题时您的心跳是否开始加速），并建议您何时应该去看人类治疗师。

For decades, I’ve been excited about all the ways that software would make teachers’ jobs easier and help students learn. It won’t replace teachers, but it will supplement their work—personalizing the work for students and liberating teachers from paperwork and other tasks so they can spend more time on the most important parts of the job. These changes are finally starting to happen in a dramatic way.

The current state of the art is Khanmigo, a text-based bot created by Khan Academy. It can tutor students in math, science, and the humanities—for example, it can explain the quadratic formula and create math problems to practice on. It can also help teachers do things like write lesson plans. I’ve been a fan and supporter of Sal Khan’s work for a long time and recently had him on my podcast to talk about education and AI.

But text-based bots are just the first wave—agents will open up many more learning opportunities.

For example, few families can pay for a tutor who works one-on-one with a student to supplement their classroom work. If agents can capture what makes a tutor effective, they’ll unlock this supplemental instruction for everyone who wants it. If a tutoring agent knows that a kid likes Minecraft and Taylor Swift, it will use Minecraft to teach them about calculating the volume and area of shapes, and Taylor’s lyrics to teach them about storytelling and rhyme schemes. The experience will be far richer—with graphics and sound, for example—and more personalized than today’s text-based tutors.

几十年来，我一直对软件能够使教师的工作变得更轻松并帮助学生学习的各种方式感到兴奋。 它不会取代教师，但会补充他们的工作——为学生提供个性化的工作，并将教师从文书工作和其他任务中解放出来，这样他们就可以将更多的时间花在工作中最重要的部分上。 这些变化终于开始以戏剧性的方式发生。

目前最先进的是 Khanmigo，这是可汗学院创建的基于文本的机器人。 它可以辅导学生数学、科学和人文学科——例如，它可以解释二次公式并创建数学问题进行练习。 它还可以帮助教师做一些事情，例如编写教案。 长期以来，我一直是萨尔·汗 (Sal Khan) 作品的粉丝和支持者，最近他在我的播客上谈论了教育和人工智能。

但基于文本的机器人只是第一波浪潮——代理将带来更多的学习机会。

例如，很少有家庭愿意花钱请一位导师来与学生进行一对一的辅导，以补充他们的课堂作业。 如果代理能够掌握导师的有效要素，他们将为每个需要它的人解锁这个补充说明。 如果辅导机构知道一个孩子喜欢《我的世界》和泰勒·斯威夫特，它就会用《我的世界》教他们计算形状的体积和面积，用泰勒的歌词教他们讲故事和押韵方案。 与当今基于文本的导师相比，这种体验将更加丰富（例如图形和声音）并且更加个性化。

There’s already a lot of competition in this field. Microsoft is making its Copilot part of Word, Excel, Outlook, and other services. Google is doing similar things with Assistant with Bard and its productivity tools. These copilots can do a lot—such as turn a written document into a slide deck, answer questions about a spreadsheet using natural language, and summarize email threads while representing each person’s point of view.

Agents will do even more. Having one will be like having a person dedicated to helping you with various tasks and doing them independently if you want. If you have an idea for a business, an agent will help you write up a business plan, create a presentation for it, and even generate images of what your product might look like. Companies will be able to make agents available for their employees to consult directly and be part of every meeting so they can answer questions.

这个领域已经有很多竞争。 微软正在将 Copilot 纳入 Word、Excel、Outlook 和其他服务中。 谷歌正在通过 Bard 及其生产力工具的 Assistant 做类似的事情。 这些副驾驶可以做很多事情，例如将书面文档转换为幻灯片，使用自然语言回答有关电子表格的问题，以及在代表每个人的观点的同时总结电子邮件线索。

代理商会做得更多。 拥有一个人就像有一个人致力于帮助您完成各种任务，并且如果您愿意的话可以独立完成这些任务。 如果您有创业想法，代理将帮助您编写商业计划、为其创建演示文稿，甚至生成产品的图像。 公司将能够为员工提供代理人直接咨询并参加每次会议，以便他们回答问题。

Whether you work in an office or not, your agent will be able to help you in the same way that personal assistants support executives today. If your friend just had surgery, your agent will offer to send flowers and be able to order them for you. If you tell it you’d like to catch up with your old college roommate, it will work with their agent to find a time to get together, and just before you arrive, it will remind you that their oldest child just started college at the local university.

无论您是否在办公室工作，您的代理都可以像当今私人助理为高管提供支持一样为您提供帮助。 如果您的朋友刚刚做过手术，您的经纪人会主动提出送花并为您订购鲜花。 如果你告诉它你想和你以前的大学室友见面，它会与他们的经纪人一起寻找一个聚会的时间，并且在你到达之前，它会提醒你他们最大的孩子刚刚在大学开始上大学。 当地大学。

Already, AI can help you pick out a new TV and recommend movies, books, shows, and podcasts. Likewise, a company I’ve invested in, recently launched Pix, which lets you ask questions (“Which Robert Redford movies would I like and where can I watch them?”) and then makes recommendations based on what you’ve liked in the past. Spotify has an AI-powered DJ that not only plays songs based on your preferences but talks to you and can even call you by name.

Agents won’t simply make recommendations; they’ll help you act on them. If you want to buy a camera, you’ll have your agent read all the reviews for you, summarize them, make a recommendation, and place an order for it once you’ve made a decision. If you tell your agent that you want to watch Star Wars, it will know whether you’re subscribed to the right streaming service, and if you aren’t, it will offer to sign you up. And if you don’t know what you’re in the mood for, it will make customized suggestions and then figure out how to play the movie or show you choose.

You’ll also be able to get news and entertainment that’s been tailored to your interests. CurioAI, which creates a custom podcast on any subject you ask about, is a glimpse of what’s coming.

人工智能已经可以帮助你挑选新电视并推荐电影、书籍、节目和播客。 同样，我投资的一家公司最近推出了 Pix，它可以让你提出问题（“我喜欢哪些罗伯特·雷德福的电影以及在哪里可以观看它们？”），然后根据你喜欢的内容提出建议 过去的。 Spotify 拥有人工智能 DJ，不仅可以根据您的喜好播放歌曲，还可以与您交谈，甚至可以叫您的名字。

代理商不会简单地提出建议，而是会提出建议。 他们会帮助你采取行动。 如果您想购买相机，您将让您的代理商为您阅读所有评论，总结它们，提出建议，并在您做出决定后下订单。 如果您告诉您的代理您想观看《星球大战》，它会知道您是否订阅了正确的流媒体服务，如果没有，它会为您提供注册。 如果你不知道自己想看什么，它会提出定制建议，然后弄清楚如何播放你选择的电影或节目。

您还可以获得根据您的兴趣量身定制的新闻和娱乐。 CurioAI 可以针对您询问的任何主题创建自定义播客，让您对即将发生的事情有所了解。

In short, agents will be able to help with virtually any activity and any area of life. The ramifications for the software business and for society will be profound.

In the computing industry, we talk about platforms—the technologies that apps and services are built on. Android, iOS, and Windows are all platforms. Agents will be the next platform.

简而言之，代理将能够为几乎任何活动和生活的任何领域提供帮助。 这对软件行业和社会的影响将是深远的。

在计算行业，我们谈论平台——构建应用程序和服务的技术。 Android、iOS 和 Windows 都是平台。 代理商将是下一个平台。

To create a new app or service, you won’t need to know how to write code or do graphic design. You’ll just tell your agent what you want. It will be able to write the code, design the look and feel of the app, create a logo, and publish the app to an online store. OpenAI’s launch of GPTs this week offers a glimpse into the future where non-developers can easily create and share their own assistants.

Agents will affect how we use software as well as how it’s written. They’ll replace search sites because they’ll be better at finding information and summarizing it for you. They’ll replace many e-commerce sites because they’ll find the best price for you and won’t be restricted to just a few vendors. They’ll replace word processors, spreadsheets, and other productivity apps. Businesses that are separate today—search advertising, social networking with advertising, shopping, productivity software—will become one business.

I don’t think any single company will dominate the agents business--there will be many different AI engines available. Today, agents are embedded in other software like word processors and spreadsheets, but eventually they’ll operate on their own. Although some agents will be free to use (and supported by ads), I think you’ll pay for most of them, which means companies will have an incentive to make agents work on your behalf and not an advertiser’s. If the number of companies that have started working on AI just this year is any indication, there will be an exceptional amount of competition, which will make agents very inexpensive.

But before the sophisticated agents I’m describing become a reality, we need to confront a number of questions about the technology and how we’ll use it. I’ve written before about the issues that AI raises, so I’ll focus specifically on agents here.

要创建新的应用程序或服务，您不需要知道如何编写代码或进行图形设计。 您只需告诉您的代理人您想要什么即可。 它将能够编写代码、设计应用程序的外观和风格、创建徽标并将应用程序发布到在线商店。 OpenAI 本周推出的 GPT 让我们得以一睹未来，非开发人员可以轻松创建和共享自己的助手。

代理将影响我们使用软件的方式以及软件的编写方式。 它们将取代搜索网站，因为它们更擅长查找信息并为您总结信息。 他们将取代许多电子商务网站，因为他们会为您找到最优惠的价格，并且不会仅限于少数供应商。 它们将取代文字处理器、电子表格和其他生产力应用程序。 今天的独立业务——搜索广告、广告社交网络、购物、生产力软件——将成为一项业务。

我不认为任何一家公司会主导代理业务——将会有许多不同的人工智能引擎可用。 如今，代理已嵌入文字处理程序和电子表格等其他软件中，但最终它们将自行运行。 尽管有些代理可以免费使用（并由广告支持），但我认为您需要为其中的大部分付费，这意味着公司将有动力让代理代表您而不是广告商的利益。 如果从今年开始研究人工智能的公司数量来看的话，将会出现异常激烈的竞争，这将使代理变得非常便宜。

但在我描述的复杂代理成为现实之前，我们需要面对一些有关该技术以及如何使用它的问题。 我之前写过关于人工智能引发的问题，所以这里我将特别关注代理。

Nobody has figured out yet what the data structure for an agent will look like. To create personal agents, we need a new type of database that can capture all the nuances of your interests and relationships and quickly recall the information while maintaining your privacy. We are already seeing new ways of storing information, such as vector databases, that may be better for storing data generated by machine learning models.

Another open question is about how many agents people will interact with. Will your personal agent be separate from your therapist agent and your math tutor? If so, when will you want them to work with each other and when should they stay in their lanes?

还没有人弄清楚代理的数据结构会是什么样子。 为了创建个人代理，我们需要一种新型数据库，它可以捕获您的兴趣和关系的所有细微差别，并快速调用信息，同时维护您的隐私。 我们已经看到了存储信息的新方法，例如矢量数据库，这可能更适合存储机器学习模型生成的数据。

另一个悬而未决的问题是人们将与多少个代理进行交互。 您的私人代理人会与您的治疗师代理人和数学导师分开吗？ 如果是这样，你什么时候希望他们互相合作，什么时候他们应该留在自己的车道上？

How will you interact with your agent? Companies are exploring various options including apps, glasses, pendants, pins, and even holograms. All of these are possibilities, but I think the first big breakthrough in human-agent interaction will be earbuds. If your agent needs to check in with you, it will speak to you or show up on your phone. (“Your flight is delayed. Do you want to wait, or can I help rebook it?”) If you want, it will monitor sound coming into your ear and enhance it by blocking out background noise, amplifying speech that’s hard to hear, or making it easier to understand someone who’s speaking with a heavy accent.

There are other challenges too. There isn’t yet a standard protocol that will allow agents to talk to each other. The cost needs to come down so agents are affordable for everyone. It needs to be easier to prompt the agent in a way that will give you the right answer. We need to prevent hallucinations, especially in areas like health where accuracy is super-important, and make sure that agents don’t harm people as a result of their biases. And we don’t want agents to be able to do things they’re not supposed to. (Although I worry less about rogue agents than about human criminals using agents for malign purposes.)

您将如何与您的代理人互动？ 公司正在探索各种选择，包括应用程序、眼镜、吊坠、别针，甚至全息图。 所有这些都是可能性，但我认为人机交互的第一个重大突破将是耳塞。 如果您的代理需要与您联系，他们会与您通话或显示在您的手机上。 （“你的航班延误了。你想等吗？或者我可以帮你重新预订吗？”）如果你愿意，它会监控传入你耳朵的声音，并通过阻挡背景噪音、放大难以听到的语音来增强声音， 或者更容易理解口音很重的人说话。

还有其他挑战。 目前还没有一个标准协议允许代理相互交谈。 成本需要降低，以便每个人都能负担得起代理。 需要更容易地向客服人员提示，以便为您提供正确的答案。 我们需要防止幻觉，特别是在健康等准确性非常重要的领域，并确保代理人不会因为他们的偏见而伤害人们。 我们不希望特工做他们不应该做的事情。 （尽管我担心的不是流氓特工，而是人类罪犯利用特工来达到恶意目的。）

As all of this comes together, the issues of online privacy and security will become even more urgent than they already are. You’ll want to be able to decide what information the agent has access to, so you’re confident that your data is shared with only people and companies you choose.

But who owns the data you share with your agent, and how do you ensure that it’s being used appropriately? No one wants to start getting ads related to something they told their therapist agent. Can law enforcement use your agent as evidence against you? When will your agent refuse to do something that could be harmful to you or someone else? Who picks the values that are built into agents?

There’s also the question of how much information your agent should share. Suppose you want to see a friend: If your agent talks to theirs, you don’t want it to say, "Oh, she’s seeing other friends on Tuesday and doesn’t want to include you.” And if your agent helps you write emails for work, it will need to know that it shouldn’t use personal information about you or proprietary data from a previous job.

Many of these questions are already top-of-mind for the tech industry and legislators. I recently participated in a forum on AI with other technology leaders that was organized by Sen. Chuck Schumer and attended by many U.S. senators. We shared ideas about these and other issues and talked about the need for lawmakers to adopt strong legislation.

But other issues won’t be decided by companies and governments. For example, agents could affect how we interact with friends and family. Today, you can show someone that you care about them by remembering details about their life—say, their birthday. But when they know your agent likely reminded you about it and took care of sending flowers, will it be as meaningful for them?

In the distant future, agents may even force humans to face profound questions about purpose. Imagine that agents become so good that everyone can have a high quality of life without working nearly as much. In a future like that, what would people do with their time? Would anyone still want to get an education when an agent has all the answers? Can you have a safe and thriving society when most people have a lot of free time on their hands?

But we’re a long way from that point. In the meantime, agents are coming. In the next few years, they will utterly change how we live our lives, online and off.

当所有这些结合在一起时，在线隐私和安全问题将变得比现在更加紧迫。 您将希望能够决定代理可以访问哪些信息，以便您确信您的数据仅与您选择的人员和公司共享。

但是谁拥有您与代理共享的数据，以及如何确保这些数据得到适当使用？ 没有人愿意开始收到与他们告诉治疗师代理人的事情相关的广告。 执法部门可以使用您的代理人作为对您不利的证据吗？ 您的代理人什么时候会拒绝做可能对您或其他人有害的事情？ 谁选择代理中内置的价值观？

还有一个问题是你的代理人应该分享多少信息。 假设您想见一位朋友：如果您的经纪人与他们的经纪人交谈，您不希望他们说：“哦，她周二要见其他朋友，但不想包括您。” 如果您的代理帮助您撰写工作电子邮件，则它需要知道它不应使用有关您的个人信息或之前工作的专有数据。

其中许多问题已经成为科技行业和立法者最关心的问题。 最近，我与其他技术领袖一起参加了由参议员查克·舒默 (Chuck Schumer) 组织、许多美国参议员参加的人工智能论坛。 我们分享了有关这些问题和其他问题的想法，并讨论了立法者采取强有力立法的必要性。

但其他问题不会由公司和政府决定。 例如，代理可能会影响我们与朋友和家人互动的方式。 今天，您可以通过记住某人的生活细节（例如他们的生日）来向他们表明您关心他们。 但是，当他们知道您的经纪人可能提醒您这件事并负责送花时，这对他们来说是否有意义？

在遥远的未来，特工甚至可能迫使人类面对关于目的的深刻问题。 想象一下，代理人变得如此优秀，以至于每个人都可以拥有高质量的生活，而无需付出同样多的工作。 在这样的未来，人们会用时间做什么？ 当代理人拥有所有答案时，还会有人想接受教育吗？ 当大多数人都有大量空闲时间时，你能拥有一个安全和繁荣的社会吗？

但我们距离这一点还有很长的路要走。 与此同时，代理也来了。 在接下来的几年里，它们将彻底改变我们的生活方式，无论是线上还是线下。