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教务学生选课系统的实现

tea_year 发表于 2024/12/27 10:06:59 2024/12/27

【摘要】任务：教务选课系统的实现一、数据库/*Navicat MySQL Data TransferSource Server : DBCON1Source Server Version : 50722Source Host : localhost:3306Source Database : db2Target Server Type : MYSQLTarget Server Ve...

任务：

教务选课系统的实现

一、数据库

/*

Navicat MySQL Data Transfer

Source Server : DBCON1

Source Server Version : 50722

Source Host : localhost:3306

Source Database : db2

Target Server Type : MYSQL

Target Server Version : 50722

File Encoding : 65001
Date: 2022-03-25 21:59:08

*/

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `course`;

CREATE TABLE `course` (

`cno` tinyint(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`cname` varchar(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '课程名',

`ccredit` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '学分',

`cpno` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '先行课',

PRIMARY KEY (`cno`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

-DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `depart`;

CREATE TABLE `depart` (

`dno` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '系部编号',

`dname` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '每部名称',

PRIMARY KEY (`dno`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=17 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

-DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;

CREATE TABLE `student` (

`sno` char(10) NOT NULL,

`sname` varchar(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',

`sage` tinyint(3) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,

`gender` enum('男','女') DEFAULT '男',

`dno` tinyint(3) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`sno`),

KEY `stu_dep` (`dno`),

CONSTRAINT `stu_dep` FOREIGN KEY (`dno`) REFERENCES `depart` (`dno`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;


DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `stu_course`;

CREATE TABLE `stu_course` (

`sno` char(10) NOT NULL,

`cno` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,

`grade` tinyint(3) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`sno`,`cno`),

KEY `cno` (`cno`),

CONSTRAINT `stu_course_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`sno`) REFERENCES `student` (`sno`),

CONSTRAINT `stu_course_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`cno`) REFERENCES `course` (`cno`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

二、实现的主要功能

1.实现学生登录注册

2.学生查看自己的选课及成绩功能

3.统计每门课的平均成绩

4.添加学生成绩

5.添加系部信息

6.添加学生信息

7.添加学生选课信息

三、创建实体类

1.Course.java — 课程实体类

public class Course {

private int cno;

private String cname;

private int ccredit;

private int cpno;

public Course(int cno, String cname, int ccredit, int cpno) {

this.cno = cno;

this.cname = cname;

this.ccredit = ccredit;

this.cpno = cpno;

}

// Getters and Setters

public int getCno() {

return cno;

}

public void setCno(int cno) {

this.cno = cno;

}

public String getCname() {

return cname;

}

public void setCname(String cname) {

this.cname = cname;

}

public int getCcredit() {

return ccredit;

}

public void setCcredit(int ccredit) {

this.ccredit = ccredit;

}

public int getCpno() {

return cpno;

}

public void setCpno(int cpno) {

this.cpno = cpno;

}

}

2.Course.java — 课程实体类

public class Course {

private int cno;

private String cname;

private int ccredit;

private int cpno;

public Course(int cno, String cname, int ccredit, int cpno) {

this.cno = cno;

this.cname = cname;

this.ccredit = ccredit;

this.cpno = cpno;

}


// Getters and Setters

public int getCno() {

return cno;
}

public void setCno(int cno) {

this.cno = cno;

}

public String getCname() {

return cname;
}

public void setCname(String cname) {

this.cname = cname;

}


public int getCcredit() {

return ccredit;

}


public void setCcredit(int ccredit) {

this.ccredit = ccredit;

}

public int getCpno() {

return cpno;

}

public void setCpno(int cpno) {

this.cpno = cpno;

}

}

3.Department.java — 部门实体类

javaCopy Code

public class Department {

private int dno;

private String dname;

public Department(int dno, String dname) {

this.dno = dno;

this.dname = dname;

}

// Getters and Setters

public int getDno() {

return dno;

}

public void setDno(int dno) {

this.dno = dno;

}

public String getDname() {
return dname;
}
public void setDname(String dname) {

this.dname = dname;

}

}

4.Student.java — 学生实体类

javaCopy Code

public class Student {

private String sno;

private String sname;

private int sage;

private String gender;

private int dno;




public Student(String sno, String sname, int sage, String gender, int dno) {

this.sno = sno;

this.sname = sname;

this.sage = sage;

this.gender = gender;

this.dno = dno;
}

// Getters and Setters

public String getSno() {

return sno;

}

public void setSno(String sno) {

this.sno = sno;

}

public String getSname() {

return sname;

}

public void setSname(String sname) {

this.sname = sname;

}

public int getSage() {

return sage;

}

public void setSage(int sage) {

this.sage = sage;

}

public String getGender() {

return gender;
}

public void setGender(String gender) {

this.gender = gender;

}

public int getDno() {

return dno;

}

public void setDno(int dno) {

this.dno = dno;

}

}

5.StuCourse.java — 学生选课实体类

javaCopy Code

public class StuCourse {

private String sno;

private int cno;

private int grade;

public StuCourse(String sno, int cno, int grade) {

this.sno = sno;

this.cno = cno;

this.grade = grade;

}

// Getters and Setters

public String getSno() {

return sno;

}




public void setSno(String sno) {

this.sno = sno;

}

public int getCno() {

return cno;
}

public void setCno(int cno) {

this.cno = cno;

}

public int getGrade() {

return grade;

}

public void setGrade(int grade) {

this.grade = grade;

}

}

四、数据库连接工具类

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DBUtils {

private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2";

private static final String USER = "root";

private static final String PASSWORD = "root"; // 根据实际情况修改

// 获取数据库连接

public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {

try {

     Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");

     return DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

     e.printStackTrace();

    throw new SQLException("数据库驱动加载失败");

}

}

}

五、业务类

1. 学生管理业务类 (StudentService)

import java.sql.*;

public class StudentService {

// 学生注册

public boolean registerStudent(Student student) {

String sql = "INSERT INTO student (sno, sname, sage, gender, dno) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";

//说明：以下这种写法，在该语句块结束时，所有在括号内声明的资源会自动关闭。

try (Connection conn = DBUtils.getConnection();

PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {




stmt.setString(1, student.getSno());

stmt.setString(2, student.getSname());

stmt.setInt(3, student.getSage());

stmt.setString(4, student.getGender());

stmt.setInt(5, student.getDno());

int rows = stmt.executeUpdate();

return rows > 0;

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}
return false;
}

// 学生登录

public boolean loginStudent(String sno) {

String sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE sno = ?";

try (Connection conn = DBUtils.getConnection();

PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {

stmt.setString(1, sno);

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();

return rs.next(); // 如果能找到记录，说明登录成功

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}

// 查看学生选课和成绩

public void viewCoursesAndGrades(String sno) {

String sql = "SELECT c.cname, sc.grade FROM stu_course sc JOIN course c ON sc.cno = c.cno WHERE sc.sno = ?";

try (Connection conn = DBUtils.getConnection();

PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {

stmt.setString(1, sno);

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();

while (rs.next()) {

String courseName = rs.getString("cname");

int grade = rs.getInt("grade");

System.out.println(courseName + " - 成绩: " + grade);

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}
2. 课程管理业务类 (CourseService)

java

import java.sql.*;

public class CourseService {

// 统计每门课程的平均成绩

public void calculateAverageGrade(int cno) {

String sql = "SELECT AVG(grade) FROM stu_course WHERE cno = ?";

try (Connection conn = DBUtils.getConnection();

PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {

stmt.setInt(1, cno);

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();

if (rs.next()) {

double average = rs.getDouble(1);

System.out.println("课程 " + cno + " 的平均成绩是: " + average);

}

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

// 添加成绩

public boolean addGrade(String sno, int cno, int grade) {

String sql = "INSERT INTO stu_course (sno, cno, grade) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";

try (Connection conn = DBUtils.getConnection();

PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {

stmt.setString(1, sno);

stmt.setInt(2, cno);

stmt.setInt(3, grade);

int rows = stmt.executeUpdate();

return rows > 0;

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return false;

}

}

3.系部管理业务类 (DepartmentService)

java

import java.sql.*;




public class DepartmentService {




// 添加系部信息

public boolean addDepartment(int dno, String dname) {

String sql = "INSERT INTO depart (dno, dname) VALUES (?, ?)";

try (Connection conn = DBUtils.getConnection();

PreparedStatement stmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {

stmt.setInt(1, dno);

stmt.setString(2, dname);

int rows = stmt.executeUpdate();

return rows > 0;

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return false;

}

}

六、主类

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

StudentService studentService = new StudentService();

CourseService courseService = new CourseService();

DepartmentService departmentService = new DepartmentService();

while (true) {

System.out.println("欢迎使用学生管理系统！");

System.out.println("1. 注册");

System.out.println("2. 登录");

System.out.println("3. 查看选课及成绩");

System.out.println("4. 统计课程平均成绩");

System.out.println("5. 添加成绩");

System.out.println("6. 添加系部信息");

System.out.println("7. 退出");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();

scanner.nextLine(); // 清除换行符

switch (choice) {

case 1: {

// 注册

System.out.println("请输入学号:");

String sno = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.println("请输入姓名:");

String sname = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.println("请输入年龄:");

int sage = scanner.nextInt();

System.out.println("请输入性别(男/女):");

String gender = scanner.next();

System.out.println("请输入系部编号:");

int dno = scanner.nextInt();
Student student = new Student(sno, sname, sage, gender, dno);

if (studentService.registerStudent(student)) {

System.out.println("注册成功！");

} else {

System.out.println("注册失败！");

}

break;

}

case 2: {

// 登录

System.out.println("请输入学号:");

String sno = scanner.nextLine();

if (studentService.loginStudent(sno)) {

System.out.println("登录成功！");

} else {

System.out.println("学号不存在！");

}

break;

}

case 3: {

// 查看选课及成绩

System.out.println("请输入学号:");

String sno = scanner.nextLine();

studentService.viewCoursesAndGrades(sno);

break;
}

case 4: {

// 统计课程平均成绩

System.out.println("请输入课程编号:");

int cno = scanner.nextInt();

courseService.calculateAverageGrade(cno);

break;

}

case 5: {

// 添加成绩

System.out.println("请输入学号:");

String sno = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.println("请输入课程编号:");

int cno = scanner.nextInt();

System.out.println("请输入成绩:");

int grade = scanner.nextInt();

if (courseService.addGrade(sno, cno, grade)) {

System.out.println("成绩添加成功！");

} else {

System.out.println("成绩添加失败！");
}
break;

}

case 6: {

// 添加系部信息

System.out.println("请输入系部编号:");

int dno = scanner.nextInt();

scanner.nextLine(); // 清除换行符

System.out.println("请输入系部名称:");

String dname = scanner.nextLine();

if (departmentService.addDepartment(dno, dname)) {

System.out.println("系部添加成功！");

} else {

System.out.println("系部添加失败！");

}

break;

}

case 7: {

// 退出

System.out.println("感谢使用学生管理系统，再见！");

scanner.close();

return;

}

default: {

       System.out.println("无效的选项，请重新选择！");

        break;

      }

     }

   }

 }

}

总结：

教务管理系统‌是高校或教育机构的重要管理工具，负责整合教学管理、学生管理、教务信息发布等关键职能。系统运行效率及信息准确度直接关系到学校教育工作的整体水平，和学生关联度比较密切，是实践项目中比较实用的案例。

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教务学生选课系统的实现

二、实现的主要功能

三、创建实体类

四、数据库连接工具类

五、业务类

六、主类

总结：

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关于作者

目录

加入云驻计划，成为创作者

教务学生选课系统的实现

二、实现的主要功能

三、创建实体类

四、数据库连接工具类

五、业务类

六、主类

总结：

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关于作者

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