GaussDB T 通过zsql backup database备份数据库
【摘要】 本文介绍通过zsql命令行执行backup database对华为GaussDB T数据库来完成全备、增量备份，以及如何查看备份信息。
在上一篇文章中介绍了如何通过Roach完成对GaussDB T数据库的备份，详细请参考《GaussDB T 备份工具 Roach 备份数据库》https://www.modb.pro/db/15144。
在安装完之后由于exp\imp\load\dump等命令都集成在zsql中，尝试执行backup database;命令可以正常执行，研究后发现可以直接在zsql中完成对数据库的全备，增量备份，本文介绍相关内容。
backup database 命令如下：
BACKUP DATABASE { FULL | INCREMENTAL LEVEL level [CUMULATIVE]}
{ FORMAT 'dest_format' }
[ AS [ZLIB | ZSTD | LZ4] COMPRESSED BACKUPSET [LEVEL compress_level]]
[ TAG 'tag' ] [ PARALLELISM count ] [ SECTION THRESHOLD size ]
[ EXCLUDE FOR TABLESPACE space_list]1、全备数据库
直接执行backup database；默认全备
[omm@pr7 ~]$ zsql / as sysdba -q connected. SQL> backup database; Succeed.
compressed backupset level指定压缩等级，等级为1到9，parallelism指定并行度。
[omm@pr7 roach]$ zsql / as sysdba -q connected. SQL> backup database full as compressed backupset level 9 parallelism 5; Succeed.
2、增量备份数据库
第一次增量备份（基于全备）
SQL> backup database incremental level 1 ; Succeed.
再次增量备份（基于全备和第一次增备）
SQL> backup database incremental level 1 ; Succeed.
3、查看备份数据
查看sys_backup_sets表数据：
SQL> select * from sys.sys_backup_sets; RECID TYPE STAGE STATUS INCREMENTAL_LEVEL TAG SCN LSN DEVICE_TYPE BASE_TAG DIR RESETLOGS POLICY RCY_ASN RCY_OFFSET RCY_LFN LRP_ASN LRP_OFFSET LRP_LFN START_TIME COMPLETION_TIME -------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- -------------------- ------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------ -------------------- -------------------- ------------ -------------------- -------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------1 1 4 0 0 632762230746442_7599842243395585 7599842243395585 8209337 0 /opt/gaussdb/data/backup/632762230746442 0 2 495841 90846 2 514103 91352 2020-01-19 15:17:10.746442 2020-01-19 15:17:22.522912 2 2 4 0 0 20200119_163640 7620467342823425 8218862 0 /opt/gaussdb/media/roach/20200119_163640/data 0 3 3678 92424 3 3693 92428 2020-01-19 16:36:40.972994 2020-01-19 16:37:00.831938 3 2 4 0 1 20200119_164634 7622923667386369 8221484 0 20200119_163640 /opt/gaussdb/media/roach/20200119_164634/data 0 4 1035 92602 4 1035 92602 2020-01-19 16:46:35.057972 2020-01-19 16:46:39.185320 4 2 4 0 0 20200119_170226 7627167981588481 8222914 0 /opt/gaussdb/media/roach/20200119_170226/data 0 5 564 92811 5 595 92819 2020-01-19 17:02:26.635634 2020-01-19 17:03:07.916784 5 1 4 0 0 632769723321125_7632068255322113 7633362093559809 8226302 0 /opt/gaussdb/data/backup/632769723321125 0 6 1304 93071 6 1456 93112 2020-01-19 17:22:03.321125 2020-01-19 17:27:03.502208 6 2 4 0 1 632770599546443_7635811608190977 7635811608190977 8227680 0 20200119_170226 /opt/gaussdb/data/backup/632770599546443 0 7 391 93273 7 391 93273 2020-01-19 17:36:39.546443 2020-01-19 17:36:43.675981 7 2 4 0 1 632774794609817_7653852719480833 7653887316770817 8238905 0 632770599546443_7635811608190977 /opt/gaussdb/data/backup/632774794609817 0 8 4433 94208 8 4572 94290 2020-01-19 18:46:34.609817 2020-01-19 18:46:39.263797 7 rows fetched.
如果没指定备份目录，备份文件默认存在$GSDB_DATA/backup目录下，
[omm@pr7 ~]$ echo $GSDB_DATA/opt/gaussdb/data [root@pr7 backup]# tree. ├── 631093557604141 │ ├── arch_1_0.bak │ ├── ctrl_0_0.bak │ ├── data_SYSAUX_12_0.bak │ ├── data_SYSTEM_0_0.bak │ ├── data_TEMP_1_0.bak │ ├── data_TEMP2_9_0.bak │ ├── data_TEMP2_UNDO_11_0.bak │ ├── data_UNDO_3_0.bak │ ├── data_USERS_4_0.bak │ ├── data_USERS_4_1.bak │ └── data_USERS_5_0.bak ├── 632762230746442 │ ├── arch_2_0.bak │ ├── backupset │ ├── ctrl_0_0.bak │ ├── data_SYSAUX_12_0.bak │ ├── data_SYSTEM_0_0.bak │ ├── data_TEMP_1_0.bak │ ├── data_TEMP2_9_0.bak │ ├── data_TEMP2_UNDO_11_0.bak │ ├── data_UNDO_3_0.bak │ ├── data_USERS_4_0.bak │ ├── data_USERS_4_1.bak │ └── data_USERS_5_0.bak ├── 632769671866582 ├── 632769681314631 ├── 632769687738306 ├── 632769696722384 ├── 632769723321125 │ ├── arch_6_0.bak │ ├── backupset │ ├── ctrl_0_0.bak │ ├── data_SYSAUX_12_0.bak │ ├── data_SYSTEM_0_0.bak │ ├── data_TEMP_1_0.bak │ ├── data_TEMP2_9_0.bak │ ├── data_TEMP2_UNDO_11_0.bak │ ├── data_UNDO_3_0.bak │ ├── data_USERS_4_0.bak │ ├── data_USERS_4_1.bak │ └── data_USERS_5_0.bak └── 632770599546443 ├── arch_7_0.bak ├── backupset ├── ctrl_0_0.bak ├── data_SYSAUX_12_0.bak ├── data_SYSTEM_0_0.bak ├── data_TEMP_1_0.bak ├── data_TEMP2_9_0.bak ├── data_TEMP2_UNDO_11_0.bak ├── data_UNDO_3_0.bak ├── data_USERS_4_0.bak ├── data_USERS_4_1.bak └── data_USERS_5_0.bak 8 directories, 47 files [root@pr7 backup]# pwd/opt/gaussdb/data/backup [root@pr7 backup]# ls -lrttotal 16 drwx------ 2 omm dbgrp 4096 Dec 31 07:46 631093557604141 drwx------ 2 omm dbgrp 4096 Jan 19 15:17 632762230746442 drwx------ 2 omm dbgrp 6 Jan 19 17:21 632769671866582 drwx------ 2 omm dbgrp 6 Jan 19 17:21 632769681314631 drwx------ 2 omm dbgrp 6 Jan 19 17:21 632769687738306 drwx------ 2 omm dbgrp 6 Jan 19 17:21 632769696722384 drwx------ 2 omm dbgrp 4096 Jan 19 17:27 632769723321125 drwx------ 2 omm dbgrp 4096 Jan 19 17:36 632770599546443 [root@pr7 backup]# du -sh *2.1G 631093557604141 1.9G 632762230746442 0 632769671866582 0 632769681314631 0 632769687738306 0 632769696722384 538M 632769723321125 17M 632770599546443 25M 632774794609817
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