鸿蒙app 家电联动场景（“回家模式”自动开灯/开空调）【华为根技术】

2. 技术背景

• 分布式软总线：设备间低延迟通信，手机与智能家居设备直连。
• 设备虚拟化：将远端家电虚拟为本地设备，统一控制接口。
• 原子化服务：免安装即用，快速触发场景模式。
• 后台服务：持续监听位置、时间等触发条件。
• 数据管理：存储场景配置与设备状态。
• 规则引擎：基于条件（如位置、时间、传感器数据）自动执行动作。

graph TD
    A[触发源] --> B[规则引擎]
    B --> C[场景服务]
    C --> D[设备控制服务]
    D --> E[智能灯]
    D --> F[智能空调]
    D --> G[其他家电]
    H[位置服务] --> B
    I[时间服务] --> B
    J[传感器服务] --> B

3. 应用使用场景

4. 核心原理与流程图

4.1 核心原理

4.2 原理流程图

sequenceDiagram
    participant User as 用户
    participant App as 鸿蒙App
    participant RuleEngine as 规则引擎
    participant SceneService as 场景服务
    participant DeviceCtrl as 设备控制服务
    participant Light as 智能灯
    participant AC as 智能空调

    User->>App: 进入家庭围栏/手动触发"回家模式"
    App->>RuleEngine: 上报触发事件(位置/手动)
    RuleEngine->>SceneService: 匹配"回家模式"条件
    SceneService->>DeviceCtrl: 获取"回家模式"动作列表
    DeviceCtrl->>Light: 发送开灯指令
    Light->>DeviceCtrl: 返回执行结果
    DeviceCtrl->>AC: 发送开机+制冷26℃指令
    AC->>DeviceCtrl: 返回执行结果
    DeviceCtrl->>SceneService: 汇总执行结果
    SceneService->>App: 返回场景执行状态
    App->>User: 显示"回家模式已激活"

5. 环境准备

5.1 开发环境

• DevEco Studio 4.0+
• HarmonyOS SDK 9+
• Language: ArkTS
• 权限：ohos.permission.LOCATION、ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DATASYNC、ohos.permission.KEEP_BACKGROUND_RUNNING

5.2 权限配置（module.json5）

{
  "module": {
    "requestPermissions": [
      {
        "name": "ohos.permission.LOCATION",
        "reason": "获取位置信息触发回家模式",
        "usedScene": { "abilities": ["MainAbility"], "when": "inuse" }
      },
      {
        "name": "ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DATASYNC",
        "reason": "设备状态同步",
        "usedScene": { "abilities": ["MainAbility"], "when": "always" }
      },
      {
        "name": "ohos.permission.KEEP_BACKGROUND_RUNNING",
        "reason": "后台监听位置触发场景",
        "usedScene": { "abilities": ["MainAbility"], "when": "always" }
      }
    ]
  }
}

6. 实际详细应用代码示例实现

6.1 数据模型

export interface SceneAction {
  deviceType: string; // "light"/"air_conditioner"
  deviceId: string;
  action: string; // "turnOn"/"turnOff"/"setTemperature"
  params?: object; // { temperature: 26 }
}

export interface Scene {
  sceneId: string;
  sceneName: string;
  triggerType: "location" | "time" | "manual";
  triggerCondition: object; // { latitude: 39.908, longitude: 116.397, radius: 100 }
  actions: SceneAction[];
}

6.2 位置服务

import geoLocationManager from '@ohos.geoLocationManager';
import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base';

export class LocationService {
  private locationChangeCallback: (location: geoLocationManager.Location) => void = () => {};

  startLocationListening(callback: (location: geoLocationManager.Location) => void) {
    this.locationChangeCallback = callback;
    try {
      geoLocationManager.on('locationChange', (err: BusinessError, location: geoLocationManager.Location) => {
        if (err) {
          console.error(`Location error: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
          return;
        }
        this.locationChangeCallback(location);
      });
      geoLocationManager.startTracking({
        scenario: geoLocationManager.LocationScenario.NAVIGATION,
        interval: 5000 // 5秒更新一次
      });
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(`Start tracking failed: ${JSON.stringify(error)}`);
    }
  }

  stopLocationListening() {
    geoLocationManager.off('locationChange');
    geoLocationManager.stopTracking();
  }

  calculateDistance(lat1: number, lon1: number, lat2: number, lon2: number): number {
    const R = 6371e3; // 地球半径(米)
    const φ1 = lat1 * Math.PI / 180;
    const φ2 = lat2 * Math.PI / 180;
    const Δφ = (lat2 - lat1) * Math.PI / 180;
    const Δλ = (lon2 - lon1) * Math.PI / 180;
    const a = Math.sin(Δφ / 2) * Math.sin(Δφ / 2) +
      Math.cos(φ1) * Math.cos(φ2) *
      Math.sin(Δλ / 2) * Math.sin(Δλ / 2);
    const c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1 - a));
    return R * c;
  }
}

6.3 规则引擎

import { Scene } from '../models/Scene';
import { LocationService } from './LocationService';

export class RuleEngine {
  private scenes: Scene[] = [];
  private locationService: LocationService = new LocationService();

  constructor() {
    this.loadScenes();
  }

  private loadScenes() {
    // 模拟从本地存储加载场景配置
    this.scenes = [
      {
        sceneId: "home_mode",
        sceneName: "回家模式",
        triggerType: "location",
        triggerCondition: { latitude: 39.908, longitude: 116.397, radius: 100 }, // 家庭坐标100米内
        actions: [
          { deviceType: "light", deviceId: "light_001", action: "turnOn" },
          { deviceType: "air_conditioner", deviceId: "ac_001", action: "turnOn", params: { temperature: 26, mode: "cool" } }
        ]
      }
    ];
  }

  checkLocationTrigger(location: geoLocationManager.Location) {
    this.scenes.filter(scene => scene.triggerType === "location").forEach(scene => {
      const { latitude, longitude, radius } = scene.triggerCondition as { latitude: number, longitude: number, radius: number };
      const distance = this.locationService.calculateDistance(
        location.latitude, location.longitude,
        latitude, longitude
      );
      if (distance <= radius) {
        this.executeScene(scene);
      }
    });
  }

  executeScene(scene: Scene) {
    console.log(`Executing scene: ${scene.sceneName}`);
    scene.actions.forEach(action => {
      DeviceControlService.getInstance().executeAction(action);
    });
  }
}

6.4 设备控制服务

export class DeviceControlService {
  private static instance: DeviceControlService;
  private deviceMap: Map<string, any> = new Map();

  static getInstance(): DeviceControlService {
    if (!DeviceControlService.instance) {
      DeviceControlService.instance = new DeviceControlService();
    }
    return DeviceControlService.instance;
  }

  registerDevice(deviceId: string, deviceProxy: any) {
    this.deviceMap.set(deviceId, deviceProxy);
  }

  executeAction(action: import('../models/Scene').SceneAction) {
    const device = this.deviceMap.get(action.deviceId);
    if (!device) {
      console.error(`Device ${action.deviceId} not found`);
      return;
    }
    switch (action.action) {
      case "turnOn":
        device.turnOn(action.params);
        break;
      case "turnOff":
        device.turnOff();
        break;
      case "setTemperature":
        device.setTemperature(action.params?.temperature, action.params?.mode);
        break;
    }
  }
}

6.5 设备代理（模拟）

export class LightDevice {
  turnOn(params?: object) {
    console.log("Light turned on");
    // 调用鸿蒙分布式设备控制接口
  }

  turnOff() {
    console.log("Light turned off");
  }
}

export class AirConditionerDevice {
  turnOn(params?: object) {
    const temp = params?.temperature || 26;
    const mode = params?.mode || "cool";
    console.log(`AC turned on: temperature=${temp}℃, mode=${mode}`);
    // 调用鸿蒙分布式设备控制接口
  }

  turnOff() {
    console.log("AC turned off");
  }

  setTemperature(temp: number, mode: string) {
    console.log(`AC temperature set to ${temp}℃, mode=${mode}`);
  }
}

6.6 主页面与触发

import { LocationService } from '../services/LocationService';
import { RuleEngine } from '../services/RuleEngine';
import { DeviceControlService } from '../services/DeviceControlService';
import { LightDevice } from '../devices/LightDevice';
import { AirConditionerDevice } from '../devices/AirConditionerDevice';

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  private locationService: LocationService = new LocationService();
  private ruleEngine: RuleEngine = new RuleEngine();
  @State message: string = "等待触发回家模式";

  aboutToAppear() {
    // 注册设备
    DeviceControlService.getInstance().registerDevice("light_001", new LightDevice());
    DeviceControlService.getInstance().registerDevice("ac_001", new AirConditionerDevice());
    // 启动位置监听
    this.locationService.startLocationListening((location) => {
      this.ruleEngine.checkLocationTrigger(location);
      this.message = `当前位置: ${location.latitude}, ${location.longitude}`;
    });
  }

  aboutToDisappear() {
    this.locationService.stopLocationListening();
  }

  build() {
    Column({ space: 20 }) {
      Text("家电联动场景演示")
        .fontSize(24)
        .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
      Text(this.message)
        .fontSize(16)
      Button("手动触发回家模式")
        .onClick(() => {
          this.ruleEngine.executeScene({
            sceneId: "home_mode",
            sceneName: "回家模式",
            triggerType: "manual",
            triggerCondition: {},
            actions: [
              { deviceType: "light", deviceId: "light_001", action: "turnOn" },
              { deviceType: "air_conditioner", deviceId: "ac_001", action: "turnOn", params: { temperature: 26, mode: "cool" } }
            ]
          });
          this.message = "回家模式已手动激活";
        })
    }
    .width('100%')
    .height('100%')
    .justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)
  }
}

7. 运行结果

• 手机进入家庭围栏（100米内），自动打印日志：Light turned on、AC turned on: temperature=26℃, mode=cool。
• 手动点击按钮，同样触发上述动作，UI显示“回家模式已手动激活”。

8. 测试步骤以及详细代码

1. 环境配置：在DevEco Studio创建项目，添加权限，部署到真机。
2. 模拟位置：使用鸿蒙位置模拟工具，设置坐标进入围栏。
3. 验证自动触发：观察控制台日志，确认设备控制指令发送。
4. 手动触发：点击UI按钮，验证场景执行。
5. 多设备扩展：新增设备只需实现对应Device类并注册到DeviceControlService。

9. 部署场景

• 家庭：手机定位触发回家/离家模式。
• 办公室：时间触发下班模式（18:00关灯关空调）。
• 酒店：客人开门触发欢迎模式（开灯、开电视）。

10. 疑难解答

11. 未来展望

• 结合AI学习用户习惯，自动优化场景参数（如夏季回家提前开低温空调）。
• 支持跨设备分布式场景（智慧屏触发卧室模式）。
• 接入更多传感器（人体红外、光照）实现更精准触发。

12. 技术趋势与挑战

• 趋势：边缘计算减少云端依赖，提升响应速度；AI场景推荐增强个性化。
• 挑战：多品牌设备协议兼容；低功耗设备续航与实时性平衡；隐私数据安全。

13. 总结