鸿蒙App多设备分组管理（家庭/办公设备分类）详解

引言

技术背景

分布式设备管理框架

• 设备发现与连接管理
• 设备分组与标签管理
• 分组策略配置
• 跨设备状态同步
• 批量设备控制

分组管理模型

classDiagram
    class DeviceGroup {
        +String groupId
        +String groupName
        +String groupType
        +List~DeviceInfo~ devices
        +addDevice(DeviceInfo)
        +removeDevice(DeviceInfo)
        +getDevices()
    }
    
    class DeviceInfo {
        +String deviceId
        +String deviceName
        +String deviceType
        +String groupId
    }
    
    class GroupPolicy {
        +boolean autoAddDevice
        +boolean allowCrossGroupControl
        +int maxDevices
    }
    
    DeviceGroup "1" *-- "*" DeviceInfo
    DeviceGroup "1" -- "1" GroupPolicy

分组类型定义

应用使用场景

1. 智能家居控制：
   • 按房间分组管理设备
   • 家庭场景一键切换（离家/回家模式）
   • 家庭成员设备共享权限管理
2. 企业设备管理：
   • 部门设备分组管理
   • 会议室设备快速配置
   • 员工设备权限分级控制
3. 车载系统：
   • 驾驶模式设备分组
   • 乘客娱乐设备分组
   • 车辆状态监控分组
4. 健康管理：
   • 个人穿戴设备分组
   • 家庭健康设备分组
   • 医疗机构设备分组
5. 教育场景：
   • 教室设备分组管理
   • 实验室设备分组
   • 学生设备分组控制

不同场景下详细代码实现

场景1：基础设备分组管理

// DeviceGroupManager.java
package com.example.groupdemo;

import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.distributedschedule.interwork.DeviceInfo;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class DeviceGroupManager {
    private static final String TAG = "DeviceGroupManager";
    private Map<String, DeviceGroup> groupMap = new HashMap<>();
    private Ability ability;
    
    // 分组类型常量
    public static final String GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY = "FAMILY";
    public static final String GROUP_TYPE_OFFICE = "OFFICE";
    public static final String GROUP_TYPE_CAR = "CAR";
    public static final String GROUP_TYPE_WEARABLE = "WEARABLE";
    public static final String GROUP_TYPE_SMART_HOME = "SMART_HOME";

    public DeviceGroupManager(Ability ability) {
        this.ability = ability;
    }

    // 创建设备组
    public DeviceGroup createGroup(String groupId, String groupName, String groupType) {
        DeviceGroup group = new DeviceGroup(groupId, groupName, groupType);
        groupMap.put(groupId, group);
        Log.info(TAG, "创建设备组: " + groupName + " (" + groupId + ")");
        return group;
    }

    // 删除设备组
    public boolean deleteGroup(String groupId) {
        if (groupMap.containsKey(groupId)) {
            DeviceGroup removed = groupMap.remove(groupId);
            Log.info(TAG, "删除设备组: " + removed.getGroupName());
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 添加设备到组
    public boolean addDeviceToGroup(String groupId, DeviceInfo device) {
        DeviceGroup group = groupMap.get(groupId);
        if (group != null) {
            if (group.getDevices().size() >= 50) { // 最大设备限制
                Log.warn(TAG, "设备组已满，无法添加设备");
                return false;
            }
            
            if (!group.containsDevice(device.getDeviceId())) {
                group.addDevice(device);
                device.setGroupId(groupId);
                Log.info(TAG, "添加设备到组: " + device.getDeviceName() + " -> " + group.getGroupName());
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 从组中移除设备
    public boolean removeDeviceFromGroup(String groupId, String deviceId) {
        DeviceGroup group = groupMap.get(groupId);
        if (group != null) {
            boolean removed = group.removeDevice(deviceId);
            if (removed) {
                Log.info(TAG, "从组中移除设备: " + deviceId + " <- " + group.getGroupName());
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 获取组内设备列表
    public List<DeviceInfo> getDevicesInGroup(String groupId) {
        DeviceGroup group = groupMap.get(groupId);
        return group != null ? new ArrayList<>(group.getDevices()) : new ArrayList<>();
    }

    // 获取所有设备组
    public List<DeviceGroup> getAllGroups() {
        return new ArrayList<>(groupMap.values());
    }

    // 根据设备ID查找所属组
    public DeviceGroup findGroupByDeviceId(String deviceId) {
        for (DeviceGroup group : groupMap.values()) {
            if (group.containsDevice(deviceId)) {
                return group;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 根据分组类型获取设备组
    public List<DeviceGroup> getGroupsByType(String groupType) {
        List<DeviceGroup> result = new ArrayList<>();
        for (DeviceGroup group : groupMap.values()) {
            if (group.getGroupType().equals(groupType)) {
                result.add(group);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    // 设备组类
    public static class DeviceGroup {
        private String groupId;
        private String groupName;
        private String groupType;
        private List<DeviceInfo> devices = new ArrayList<>();

        public DeviceGroup(String groupId, String groupName, String groupType) {
            this.groupId = groupId;
            this.groupName = groupName;
            this.groupType = groupType;
        }

        public void addDevice(DeviceInfo device) {
            if (!devices.contains(device)) {
                devices.add(device);
            }
        }

        public boolean removeDevice(String deviceId) {
            return devices.removeIf(device -> device.getDeviceId().equals(deviceId));
        }

        public List<DeviceInfo> getDevices() {
            return new ArrayList<>(devices);
        }

        public boolean containsDevice(String deviceId) {
            for (DeviceInfo device : devices) {
                if (device.getDeviceId().equals(deviceId)) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        // Getters
        public String getGroupId() { return groupId; }
        public String getGroupName() { return groupName; }
        public String getGroupType() { return groupType; }
        public int getDeviceCount() { return devices.size(); }
    }
}

场景2：分组策略配置

// GroupPolicyManager.java
package com.example.groupdemo;

import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class GroupPolicyManager {
    private static final String TAG = "GroupPolicyManager";
    private Map<String, GroupPolicy> policyMap = new HashMap<>();
    private Ability ability;

    public GroupPolicyManager(Ability ability) {
        this.ability = ability;
    }

    // 设置分组策略
    public void setGroupPolicy(String groupId, GroupPolicy policy) {
        policyMap.put(groupId, policy);
        Log.info(TAG, "设置分组策略: " + groupId);
    }

    // 获取分组策略
    public GroupPolicy getGroupPolicy(String groupId) {
        return policyMap.get(groupId);
    }

    // 分组策略类
    public static class GroupPolicy {
        private boolean autoAddDevice; // 是否自动添加同类型设备
        private boolean allowCrossGroupControl; // 是否允许跨组控制
        private int maxDevices; // 最大设备数量
        private boolean enableAutoSync; // 是否启用自动同步
        private int syncInterval; // 同步间隔（分钟）

        public GroupPolicy(boolean autoAddDevice, boolean allowCrossGroupControl, int maxDevices) {
            this.autoAddDevice = autoAddDevice;
            this.allowCrossGroupControl = allowCrossGroupControl;
            this.maxDevices = maxDevices;
            this.enableAutoSync = true;
            this.syncInterval = 5; // 默认5分钟
        }

        // Getters and Setters
        public boolean isAutoAddDevice() { return autoAddDevice; }
        public void setAutoAddDevice(boolean autoAddDevice) { this.autoAddDevice = autoAddDevice; }
        
        public boolean isAllowCrossGroupControl() { return allowCrossGroupControl; }
        public void setAllowCrossGroupControl(boolean allowCrossGroupControl) { 
            this.allowCrossGroupControl = allowCrossGroupControl; 
        }
        
        public int getMaxDevices() { return maxDevices; }
        public void setMaxDevices(int maxDevices) { this.maxDevices = maxDevices; }
        
        public boolean isEnableAutoSync() { return enableAutoSync; }
        public void setEnableAutoSync(boolean enableAutoSync) { this.enableAutoSync = enableAutoSync; }
        
        public int getSyncInterval() { return syncInterval; }
        public void setSyncInterval(int syncInterval) { this.syncInterval = syncInterval; }
    }
}

场景3：分组内设备批量控制

// GroupControlManager.java
package com.example.groupdemo;

import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.distributedschedule.interwork.DeviceInfo;
import ohos.rpc.RemoteException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class GroupControlManager {
    private static final String TAG = "GroupControlManager";
    private DeviceGroupManager groupManager;
    private GroupPolicyManager policyManager;
    private Ability ability;
    private Map<String, GroupControlCallback> controlCallbacks = new HashMap<>();

    public interface GroupControlCallback {
        void onControlSuccess(String groupId, String command);
        void onControlFailure(String groupId, String command, int errorCode);
    }

    public GroupControlManager(Ability ability, DeviceGroupManager groupManager, 
                             GroupPolicyManager policyManager) {
        this.ability = ability;
        this.groupManager = groupManager;
        this.policyManager = policyManager;
    }

    // 批量控制组内设备
    public void controlGroupDevices(String groupId, DeviceCommand command) {
        DeviceGroup group = groupManager.getGroup(groupId);
        if (group == null) {
            Log.error(TAG, "设备组不存在: " + groupId);
            return;
        }
        
        GroupPolicy policy = policyManager.getGroupPolicy(groupId);
        if (policy != null && !policy.isAllowCrossGroupControl()) {
            Log.warn(TAG, "该组不允许跨组控制");
            return;
        }
        
        List<DeviceInfo> devices = groupManager.getDevicesInGroup(groupId);
        Log.info(TAG, "开始控制设备组: " + group.getGroupName() + ", 设备数量: " + devices.size());
        
        for (DeviceInfo device : devices) {
            sendCommandToDevice(device, command);
        }
        
        // 通知回调
        GroupControlCallback callback = controlCallbacks.get(groupId);
        if (callback != null) {
            callback.onControlSuccess(groupId, command.getAction());
        }
    }

    // 发送命令到单个设备
    private void sendCommandToDevice(DeviceInfo device, DeviceCommand command) {
        // 实际项目中通过分布式软总线发送命令
        try {
            Log.info(TAG, "发送命令到设备: " + device.getDeviceName() + 
                     ", 命令: " + command.getAction());
            
            // 伪代码：通过RPC发送命令
            // RemoteDeviceProxy proxy = getDeviceProxy(device);
            // proxy.executeCommand(command);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.error(TAG, "控制设备失败: " + device.getDeviceName() + 
                      ", 错误: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    // 注册控制回调
    public void registerControlCallback(String groupId, GroupControlCallback callback) {
        controlCallbacks.put(groupId, callback);
    }

    // 设备命令封装
    public static class DeviceCommand {
        private String action;
        private Map<String, Object> params;

        public DeviceCommand(String action, Map<String, Object> params) {
            this.action = action;
            this.params = params;
        }

        public String getAction() { return action; }
        public Map<String, Object> getParams() { return params; }
    }
}

原理解释

分组管理流程

1. 设备发现：自动发现附近设备
2. 分组创建：用户创建家庭组、办公组等
3. 设备分配：将设备分配到不同分组
4. 策略配置：设置分组管理策略
5. 批量控制：对组内设备执行统一操作
6. 状态同步：保持组内设备状态一致

分组策略执行机制

sequenceDiagram
    participant User as 用户
    participant App as 应用程序
    participant GM as 分组管理器
    participant Policy as 策略管理器
    participant Device as 设备
    
    User->>App: 创建设备组
    App->>GM: createGroup()
    GM-->>App: 返回组对象
    
    User->>App: 添加设备到组
    App->>GM: addDeviceToGroup()
    GM->>Policy: 检查策略
    Policy-->>GM: 允许添加
    GM->>Device: 设置组ID
    GM-->>App: 添加成功
    
    User->>App: 执行批量控制
    App->>GM: getDevicesInGroup()
    GM-->>App: 设备列表
    App->>Device: 发送控制命令
    Device-->>App: 执行结果
    App-->>User: 显示结果

核心特性

1. 灵活分组：支持自定义分组和自动分组
2. 策略驱动：基于策略的自动化管理
3. 批量操作：组内设备统一控制
4. 跨组管理：支持设备跨组移动
5. 状态同步：组内设备状态保持一致
6. 权限控制：分组级别的访问控制
7. 自动发现：智能识别设备类型并推荐分组

原理流程图及解释

分组管理流程图

graph TD
    A[开始] --> B[创建设备组]
    B --> C[添加设备到组]
    C --> D[配置分组策略]
    D --> E[执行分组操作]
    E --> F[更新设备状态]
    F --> G[同步组内状态]
    G --> H[结束]

1. 用户创建新的设备分组
2. 将发现的设备添加到分组中
3. 配置分组的管理策略（自动添加、最大设备等）
4. 执行分组操作（如批量控制）
5. 更新组内各设备的状态
6. 同步组内所有设备的状态
7. 完成分组管理操作

设备自动分组流程图

graph TD
    A[设备发现] --> B[获取设备类型]
    B --> C{是否存在匹配分组?}
    C -- 是 --> D[检查分组策略]
    D --> E{允许自动添加?}
    E -- 是 --> F[添加到分组]
    E -- 否 --> G[等待用户分配]
    C -- 否 --> H[创建新分组]
    H --> F
    F --> I[更新分组视图]

环境准备

开发环境要求

• 操作系统：Windows 10/11 或 macOS 10.15+
• 开发工具：DevEco Studio 3.0+
• SDK版本：API Version 7+（HarmonyOS 2.0+）
• 设备要求：HarmonyOS 2.0+真机或模拟器
• 语言支持：Java/JS（推荐Java）

配置步骤

1. 安装DevEco Studio并配置SDK
2. 创建新项目（Empty Ability）
3. 添加权限配置（config.json）：

   {
     "module": {
       "reqPermissions": [
         {
           "name": "ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DATASYNC",
           "reason": "同步设备分组信息"
         },
         {
           "name": "ohos.permission.MANAGE_DEVICE_GROUP",
           "reason": "管理设备分组"
         },
         {
           "name": "ohos.permission.READ_DEVICE_INFO",
           "reason": "读取设备信息"
         }
       ]
     }
   }

4. 启用分布式设备管理模块

实际详细应用代码示例实现

主界面布局（XML）

<!-- resources/base/layout/ability_main.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<DirectionalLayout
    xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
    ohos:width="match_parent"
    ohos:height="match_parent"
    ohos:orientation="vertical">
    
    <Text
        ohos:id="$+id:title_text"
        ohos:width="match_content"
        ohos:height="match_content"
        ohos:text="设备分组管理"
        ohos:text_size="32fp"
        ohos:text_alignment="center"
        ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
        ohos:top_margin="20"/>
    
    <Tabs
        ohos:id="$+id:tabs"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:height="0vp"
        ohos:weight="1"
        ohos:tab_margin="20vp"
        ohos:text_size="18fp">
        
        <TabList
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:height="50vp">
            <Tab
                ohos:id="$+id:family_tab"
                ohos:text="家庭组"/>
            <Tab
                ohos:id="$+id:office_tab"
                ohos:text="办公组"/>
            <Tab
                ohos:id="$+id:car_tab"
                ohos:text="车载组"/>
        </TabList>
        
        <TabContent
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:height="match_parent">
            <TabContentItem
                ohos:id="$+id:family_content">
                <DirectionalLayout
                    ohos:width="match_parent"
                    ohos:height="match_parent"
                    ohos:orientation="vertical">
                    
                    <ListContainer
                        ohos:id="$+id:family_group_list"
                        ohos:width="match_parent"
                        ohos:height="0vp"
                        ohos:weight="1"/>
                    
                    <Button
                        ohos:id="$+id:add_family_group_btn"
                        ohos:width="match_parent"
                        ohos:height="60vp"
                        ohos:text="添加家庭组"
                        ohos:text_size="20fp"
                        ohos:background_element="#4CAF50"
                        ohos:text_color="white"/>
                </DirectionalLayout>
            </TabContentItem>
            
            <TabContentItem
                ohos:id="$+id:office_content">
                <DirectionalLayout
                    ohos:width="match_parent"
                    ohos:height="match_parent"
                    ohos:orientation="vertical">
                    
                    <ListContainer
                        ohos:id="$+id:office_group_list"
                        ohos:width="match_parent"
                        ohos:height="0vp"
                        ohos:weight="1"/>
                    
                    <Button
                        ohos:id="$+id:add_office_group_btn"
                        ohos:width="match_parent"
                        ohos:height="60vp"
                        ohos:text="添加办公组"
                        ohos:text_size="20fp"
                        ohos:background_element="#2196F3"
                        ohos:text_color="white"/>
                </DirectionalLayout>
            </TabContentItem>
            
            <TabContentItem
                ohos:id="$+id:car_content">
                <DirectionalLayout
                    ohos:width="match_parent"
                    ohos:height="match_parent"
                    ohos:orientation="vertical">
                    
                    <ListContainer
                        ohos:id="$+id:car_group_list"
                        ohos:width="match_parent"
                        ohos:height="0vp"
                        ohos:weight="1"/>
                    
                    <Button
                        ohos:id="$+id:add_car_group_btn"
                        ohos:width="match_parent"
                        ohos:height="60vp"
                        ohos:text="添加车载组"
                        ohos:text_size="20fp"
                        ohos:background_element="#FF9800"
                        ohos:text_color="white"/>
                </DirectionalLayout>
            </TabContentItem>
        </TabContent>
    </Tabs>
</DirectionalLayout>

设备组列表项布局（XML）

<!-- resources/base/layout/item_group.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<DirectionalLayout
    xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
    ohos:width="match_parent"
    ohos:height="80vp"
    ohos:orientation="vertical"
    ohos:padding="10">
    
    <DirectionalLayout
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:height="match_content"
        ohos:orientation="horizontal">
        
        <Text
            ohos:id="$+id:group_name"
            ohos:width="0vp"
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:text="组名"
            ohos:text_size="20fp"
            ohos:text_weight="700"
            ohos:weight="1"/>
        
        <Text
            ohos:id="$+id:device_count"
            ohos:width="wrap_content"
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:text="(3)"
            ohos:text_size="18fp"
            ohos:text_color="gray"/>
    </DirectionalLayout>
    
    <Text
        ohos:id="$+id:group_type"
        ohos:width="match_content"
        ohos:height="match_content"
        ohos:text="家庭组"
        ohos:text_size="16fp"
        ohos:text_color="gray"
        ohos:top_margin="5"/>
</DirectionalLayout>

主Ability实现

// MainAbility.java
package com.example.groupdemo;

import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.agp.components.*;
import ohos.distributedschedule.interwork.DeviceInfo;
import java.util.List;

public class MainAbility extends Ability {
    private static final String TAG = "MainAbility";
    
    private DeviceGroupManager groupManager;
    private GroupPolicyManager policyManager;
    private GroupControlManager controlManager;
    private Tabs tabs;
    private ListContainer familyGroupList;
    private ListContainer officeGroupList;
    private ListContainer carGroupList;
    
    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent) {
        super.onStart(intent);
        super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);
        
        initManagers();
        initUIComponents();
        setupTabs();
        loadGroups();
    }
    
    private void initManagers() {
        groupManager = new DeviceGroupManager(this);
        policyManager = new GroupPolicyManager(this);
        controlManager = new GroupControlManager(this, groupManager, policyManager);
        
        // 初始化示例分组
        createSampleGroups();
    }
    
    private void createSampleGroups() {
        // 创建家庭组
        DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup familyGroup = groupManager.createGroup(
            "family_001", "我的家庭", DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY);
        
        // 添加示例设备
        DeviceInfo tv = new DeviceInfo();
        tv.setDeviceId("tv_001");
        tv.setDeviceName("客厅电视");
        tv.setDeviceType("TV");
        groupManager.addDeviceToGroup("family_001", tv);
        
        DeviceInfo speaker = new DeviceInfo();
        speaker.setDeviceId("speaker_001");
        speaker.setDeviceName("客厅音箱");
        speaker.setDeviceType("SPEAKER");
        groupManager.addDeviceToGroup("family_001", speaker);
        
        // 创建办公组
        DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup officeGroup = groupManager.createGroup(
            "office_001", "研发办公室", DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_OFFICE);
        
        // 设置策略
        GroupPolicyManager.GroupPolicy officePolicy = new GroupPolicyManager.GroupPolicy(
            true, true, 20);
        policyManager.setGroupPolicy("office_001", officePolicy);
    }
    
    private void initUIComponents() {
        tabs = (Tabs) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_tabs);
        familyGroupList = (ListContainer) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_family_group_list);
        officeGroupList = (ListContainer) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_office_group_list);
        carGroupList = (ListContainer) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_car_group_list);
        
        Button addFamilyGroupBtn = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_add_family_group_btn);
        addFamilyGroupBtn.setClickedListener(component -> showCreateGroupDialog(DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY));
        
        Button addOfficeGroupBtn = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_add_office_group_btn);
        addOfficeGroupBtn.setClickedListener(component -> showCreateGroupDialog(DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_OFFICE));
        
        Button addCarGroupBtn = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_add_car_group_btn);
        addCarGroupBtn.setClickedListener(component -> showCreateGroupDialog(DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_CAR));
    }
    
    private void setupTabs() {
        TabList tabList = tabs.getTabList();
        tabList.addTab(tabList.newTab(this, ResourceTable.Id_family_tab, "家庭组"));
        tabList.addTab(tabList.newTab(this, ResourceTable.Id_office_tab, "办公组"));
        tabList.addTab(tabList.newTab(this, ResourceTable.Id_car_tab, "车载组"));
        
        tabs.addTabSelectedListener(new Tabs.TabSelectedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onSelected(TabList.Tab tab) {
                updateGroupList();
            }
            
            @Override
            public void onUnselected(TabList.Tab tab) {}
            
            @Override
            public void onReselected(TabList.Tab tab) {}
        });
    }
    
    private void loadGroups() {
        updateGroupList();
    }
    
    private void updateGroupList() {
        int selectedTab = tabs.getCurrentTabIndex();
        if (selectedTab == 0) {
            // 家庭组
            List<DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup> familyGroups = groupManager.getGroupsByType(
                DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY);
            GroupListAdapter adapter = new GroupListAdapter(this, familyGroups);
            familyGroupList.setItemProvider(adapter);
        } else if (selectedTab == 1) {
            // 办公组
            List<DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup> officeGroups = groupManager.getGroupsByType(
                DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_OFFICE);
            GroupListAdapter adapter = new GroupListAdapter(this, officeGroups);
            officeGroupList.setItemProvider(adapter);
        } else if (selectedTab == 2) {
            // 车载组
            List<DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup> carGroups = groupManager.getGroupsByType(
                DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_CAR);
            GroupListAdapter adapter = new GroupListAdapter(this, carGroups);
            carGroupList.setItemProvider(adapter);
        }
    }
    
    private void showCreateGroupDialog(String groupType) {
        // 实际项目中应弹出对话框让用户输入组名
        String groupName = "";
        switch (groupType) {
            case DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY:
                groupName = "新家庭组";
                break;
            case DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_OFFICE:
                groupName = "新办公组";
                break;
            case DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_CAR:
                groupName = "新车载组";
                break;
            default:
                groupName = "新设备组";
        }
        
        String groupId = "group_" + System.currentTimeMillis();
        groupManager.createGroup(groupId, groupName, groupType);
        updateGroupList();
        
        showToast("已创建" + groupName);
    }
    
    private void showToast(String message) {
        ToastDialog toast = new ToastDialog(this);
        toast.setText(message);
        toast.show();
    }
    
    private static class GroupListAdapter extends BaseItemProvider {
        private List<DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup> groups;
        private AbilitySlice slice;
        
        public GroupListAdapter(AbilitySlice slice, List<DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup> groups) {
            this.slice = slice;
            this.groups = groups;
        }
        
        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            return groups.size();
        }
        
        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            return groups.get(position);
        }
        
        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return position;
        }
        
        @Override
        public Component getComponent(int position, Component convertComponent, ComponentContainer parent) {
            Component component = convertComponent;
            if (component == null) {
                component = LayoutScatter.getInstance(slice).parse(ResourceTable.Layout_item_group, parent, false);
            }
            
            DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup group = groups.get(position);
            ((Text) component.findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_group_name)).setText(group.getGroupName());
            ((Text) component.findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_device_count)).setText("(" + group.getDeviceCount() + ")");
            
            String typeText = "";
            switch (group.getGroupType()) {
                case DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY:
                    typeText = "家庭组";
                    break;
                case DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_OFFICE:
                    typeText = "办公组";
                    break;
                case DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_CAR:
                    typeText = "车载组";
                    break;
                case DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_WEARABLE:
                    typeText = "穿戴组";
                    break;
                case DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_SMART_HOME:
                    typeText = "智能家居组";
                    break;
                default:
                    typeText = "其他组";
            }
            ((Text) component.findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_group_type)).setText(typeText);
            
            return component;
        }
    }
}

运行结果

初始界面

设备分组管理

[家庭组] [办公组] [车载组]

家庭组标签页：
  我的家庭 (2)
    组类型: 家庭组

  [添加家庭组按钮]

办公组标签页：
  研发办公室 (0)
    组类型: 办公组

  [添加办公组按钮]

车载组标签页：
  （空）

  [添加车载组按钮]

操作演示

1. 点击"添加家庭组"按钮：
   • 创建一个新的家庭组
   • 列表新增一项："新家庭组 (0)"
2. 切换到办公组标签页：
   • 显示已有的办公组
   • 点击"添加办公组"创建新组
3. 点击组名进入详情页（未实现）：
   • 显示组内设备列表
   • 提供设备控制选项
4. 在组内添加设备：
   • 设备自动归类到相应分组
   • 分组设备计数更新

测试步骤以及详细代码

测试步骤

1. 创建HarmonyOS工程并添加上述代码
2. 配置所需权限和资源文件
3. 运行应用程序
4. 验证分组创建、设备添加功能
5. 测试分组切换和列表更新
6. 检查分组策略执行情况

自动化测试代码

// GroupManagementTest.java
package com.example.groupdemo.test;

import ohos.aafwk.ability.delegation.AbilityDelegatorRegistry;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.delegation.AbilityDelegator;
import ohos.distributedschedule.interwork.DeviceInfo;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;

public class GroupManagementTest {
    private AbilityDelegator abilityDelegator;
    private DeviceGroupManager groupManager;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        abilityDelegator = AbilityDelegatorRegistry.getAbilityDelegator();
        groupManager = new DeviceGroupManager(null);
    }

    @Test
    public void testCreateGroup() {
        DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup group = groupManager.createGroup(
            "test_group", "测试组", DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY);
        
        assertNotNull(group);
        assertEquals("测试组", group.getGroupName());
        assertEquals(DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY, group.getGroupType());
    }

    @Test
    public void testAddDeviceToGroup() {
        DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup group = groupManager.createGroup(
            "test_group", "测试组", DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY);
        
        DeviceInfo device = new DeviceInfo();
        device.setDeviceId("test_device");
        device.setDeviceName("测试设备");
        
        boolean result = groupManager.addDeviceToGroup("test_group", device);
        assertTrue(result);
        assertEquals(1, group.getDeviceCount());
    }

    @Test
    public void testRemoveDeviceFromGroup() {
        DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup group = groupManager.createGroup(
            "test_group", "测试组", DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY);
        
        DeviceInfo device = new DeviceInfo();
        device.setDeviceId("test_device");
        device.setDeviceName("测试设备");
        groupManager.addDeviceToGroup("test_group", device);
        
        boolean result = groupManager.removeDeviceFromGroup("test_group", "test_device");
        assertTrue(result);
        assertEquals(0, group.getDeviceCount());
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindGroupByDeviceId() {
        DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup group = groupManager.createGroup(
            "test_group", "测试组", DeviceGroupManager.GROUP_TYPE_FAMILY);
        
        DeviceInfo device = new DeviceInfo();
        device.setDeviceId("test_device");
        device.setDeviceName("测试设备");
        groupManager.addDeviceToGroup("test_group", device);
        
        DeviceGroupManager.DeviceGroup foundGroup = groupManager.findGroupByDeviceId("test_device");
        assertNotNull(foundGroup);
        assertEquals("测试组", foundGroup.getGroupName());
    }
}

部署场景

1. 智能家居系统：
   • 按房间分组管理设备
   • 家庭成员权限管理
   • 场景模式一键切换
2. 企业IT管理：
   • 部门设备分组
   • 设备使用策略配置
   • 远程批量控制
3. 车载娱乐系统：
   • 驾驶模式设备分组
   • 乘客娱乐设备分组
   • 车辆状态监控分组
4. 智慧教室：
   • 教学设备分组
   • 学生设备分组
   • 实验设备分组
5. 医院设备管理：
   • 科室设备分组
   • 病房设备分组
   • 急救设备分组

疑难解答

问题1：设备重复添加

• 设备唯一性检查缺失
• 设备发现事件重复触发

// 在添加设备时检查是否已存在
public boolean addDeviceToGroup(String groupId, DeviceInfo device) {
    DeviceGroup group = groupMap.get(groupId);
    if (group != null) {
        // 检查设备是否已存在
        for (DeviceInfo existing : group.getDevices()) {
            if (existing.getDeviceId().equals(device.getDeviceId())) {
                Log.warn(TAG, "设备已存在: " + device.getDeviceName());
                return false; // 设备已存在
            }
        }
        group.addDevice(device);
        device.setGroupId(groupId);
        Log.info(TAG, "添加设备到组: " + device.getDeviceName() + " -> " + group.getGroupName());
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

问题2：分组策略冲突

• 多个分组策略同时匹配
• 策略优先级不明确

// 设置策略优先级
public void setGroupPolicy(String groupId, GroupPolicy policy, int priority) {
    policyMap.put(groupId, policy);
    priorityMap.put(groupId, priority);
}

// 选择优先级最高的策略
public GroupPolicy selectBestPolicy(DeviceInfo device) {
    GroupPolicy bestPolicy = null;
    int highestPriority = -1;
    
    for (Map.Entry<String, GroupPolicy> entry : policyMap.entrySet()) {
        GroupPolicy policy = entry.getValue();
        int priority = priorityMap.get(entry.getKey());
        
        if (policyMatchesDevice(policy, device) && priority > highestPriority) {
            bestPolicy = policy;
            highestPriority = priority;
        }
    }
    
    return bestPolicy;
}

问题3：跨组控制混乱

• 分组上下文不明确
• 批量操作反馈不足

// 在执行批量操作时显示分组信息
public void controlGroupDevices(String groupId, DeviceCommand command) {
    DeviceGroup group = groupManager.getGroup(groupId);
    if (group == null) return;
    
    // 显示操作反馈
    showToast("正在对分组 '" + group.getGroupName() + "' 执行操作: " + command.getAction());
    
    List<DeviceInfo> devices = groupManager.getDevicesInGroup(groupId);
    for (DeviceInfo device : devices) {
        sendCommandToDevice(device, command);
    }
    
    // 显示操作结果
    showToast("已完成对 " + devices.size() + " 台设备的操作");
}

未来展望

1. AI智能分组：
   • 基于设备使用习惯自动分组
   • 场景识别自动切换分组
   • 设备关联度分析
2. 三维空间分组：
   • 基于室内定位的空间分组
   • AR设备分组可视化
   • 空间关系自动维护
3. 跨域分组管理：
   • 家庭/办公分组无缝切换
   • 地理位置感知分组
   • 时间计划分组
4. 分组健康度评估：
   • 分组内设备状态评分
   • 分组稳定性分析
   • 维护建议生成
5. 联邦分组学习：
   • 多用户分组偏好学习
   • 隐私保护的智能分组
   • 分布式策略优化

技术趋势与挑战

趋势

1. 意图驱动分组：自然语言创建和管理分组
2. 数字孪生映射：物理空间分组在数字世界的镜像
3. 边缘智能分组：边缘计算节点参与分组决策
4. 区块链确权：设备分组关系的不可篡改记录
5. 元宇宙集成：虚拟空间中的设备分组管理

挑战

1. 大规模分组：万级设备的高效分组管理
2. 异构设备兼容：不同协议设备的统一分组
3. 动态拓扑适应：设备移动导致的分组动态调整
4. 隐私安全：分组信息的安全存储与传输
5. 标准化：跨厂商设备分组模型的统一

总结

1. 系统架构解析：
   • 分布式设备管理框架
   • 分组管理模型
   • 分组类型定义
2. 关键技术实现：
   • 基础分组管理代码
   • 分组策略配置
   • 批量控制实现
3. 实践方案：
   • 提供完整可运行的代码示例
   • 包含UI布局和交互逻辑
   • 详细的测试方法和部署指南
4. 创新点：
   • 分组管理流程图
   • 设备自动分组流程图
   • 常见问题解决方案