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Apache介绍和安装

Raymond运维发表于 2025/09/24 15:32:18 2025/09/24

【摘要】 Apache介绍和安装

Apache介绍和安装

1.Apache介绍

Apache一般指Apache HTTP Server，是Apache软件基金会的一个开源网页服务器软件，以下为你详细介绍：

基本信息

它具有简单、快速、可靠等特点，能运行在几乎所有广泛使用的计算机平台上，由于其跨平台和安全性，被广泛使用，是最流行的Web服务器软件之一。

发展历程

1995年，美国国家超级电脑应用中心（NCSA）的HTTPd服务器项目停滞后，开发者们将修补代码汇总，形成了Apache HTTP Server，同年4月正式发布。
此后不断更新完善，功能日益强大，逐渐成为互联网上使用最广泛的Web服务器软件。

特点

开放源代码：遵循Apache许可证，用户可自由使用、修改和分发，众多开发者参与贡献，不断改进其功能和性能。
跨平台性：支持多种操作系统，如Windows、Linux、Unix等，方便不同环境部署。
模块化设计：拥有丰富模块，如身份验证、URL重写、缓存等，用户可根据需求灵活加载或卸载，定制服务器功能。
稳定性与可靠性：经过长期发展和大量实践检验，能在高负载下稳定运行，确保网站持续提供服务。
安全性：提供多种安全机制，如SSL/TLS加密、访问控制、防止DDoS攻击等，保护网站和用户数据安全。

应用场景

企业网站：为各类企业搭建官方网站，展示企业信息、产品和服务，处理客户咨询和订单。
电子商务平台：支撑在线购物网站，处理大量用户访问、交易数据和支付流程，保障交易安全稳定。
内容管理系统（CMS）：作为WordPress、Drupal等CMS的服务器平台，发布和管理各种类型的内容。

2.Apache安装

2.1 主机初始化

2.1.1 设置网卡名

Rocky Linux 9/10、Almalinux 9/10、CentOS Stream 9/10、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9：

创建 systemd 链接文件：创建 /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link 文件。

[root@rocky10 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/systemd/network/
[root@rocky10 ~]# touch /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link

[root@rocky10 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:02:55:30 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp3s0
    altname enx000c29025530
    inet 172.31.15.1/20 brd 172.31.15.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft 1776sec preferred_lft 1776sec
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe02:5530/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@rocky10 ~]# cat > /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link << EOF
[Match]
MACAddress=00:0c:29:f8:60:8f

[Link]
Name=eth0
EOF

# 也可以执行下面命令
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
ETHMAC=`ip addr show ${ETHNANME} | awk -F' ' '/ether/{print $2}'`
mkdir /etc/systemd/network/
touch /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link
cat > /etc/systemd/network/70-eth0.link << EOF
[Match]
MACAddress=${ETHMAC}

[Link]
Name=eth0
EOF

修改 NetworkManager 配置文件：如果使用 NetworkManager 管理网络，需要修改 /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections 下的配置文件。

[root@rocky10 ~]# mv /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ens160.nmconnection /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection

[root@rocky10 ~]# sed -i.bak 's/'ens160'/eth0/' /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection

# 也可以执行下面命令
mv /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/${ETHNAME}.nmconnection /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/eth0.nmconnection

Rocky Linux 8、Almalinux 8、CentOS 7、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03和24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server v10/v11、UOS Server v20：

修改 GRUB 配置文件：打开 /etc/default/grub 文件，添加以下内容到 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 行

net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0

执行以下命令：

sed -ri.bak '/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=/s@"$@ net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"@' /etc/default/grub

然后更新 GRUB 配置：

grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

如果是 UEFI 引导系统，更新命令为：

# Rocky
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/rocky/grub.cfg

# Almalinux
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/almalinux/grub.cfg

# CentOS
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/centos/grub.cfg

# openEuler
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/openEuler/grub.cfg

# AnolisOS
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/anolis/grub.cfg

# OpenCloudOS
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/opencloudos/grub.cfg

# Kylin Server
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/kylin/grub.cfg

# UOS Server
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/uos/grub.cfg

# UEFI 引导系统可以直接执行下面命令：
EFI_DIR=`find /boot/efi/ -name "grub.cfg" | awk -F"/" '{print $5}'`
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/${EFI_DIR}/grub.cfg

创建 Udev 规则文件：创建 /etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules 文件，并添加以下内容：

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="<网卡MAC地址>", NAME="eth0"

**注意：**创建Udev这个步骤只在AnolisOS 8上执行。

将 <网卡MAC地址> 替换为实际网卡的 MAC 地址。

[root@anolisos8 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:47:02:3f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp2s1
    inet 172.31.15.25/20 brd 172.31.15.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 1785sec preferred_lft 1785sec
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe47:23f/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@anolis8 ~]# cat >> /etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules << EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:c5:38:3b", NAME="eth0"
EOF

# 也可以执行下面命令
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
ETHMAC=`ip addr show ${ETHNANME} | awk -F' ' '/ether/{print $2}'`
cat >> /etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules << EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTR{address}=="${ETHMAC}", NAME="eth0"
EOF

修改网卡配置文件：创建 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 文件，并配置网卡参数，例如：

ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
mv /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-${ETHNAME} /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Ubuntu和Debian：

# Ubuntu和Debian先启用root用户，并设置密码
raymond@ubuntu2404:~$ cat set_root_login.sh 
#!/bin/bash

read -p "请输入密码: " PASSWORD
echo ${PASSWORD} |sudo -S sed -ri 's@#(PermitRootLogin )prohibit-password@\1yes@' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo systemctl restart sshd
sudo -S passwd root <<-EOF
${PASSWORD}
${PASSWORD}
EOF

raymond@ubuntu2404:~$ bash set_root_login.sh 
请输入密码: 123456
[sudo] password for raymond: New password: Retype new password: passwd: password updated successfully

修改 GRUB 配置文件：打开 /etc/default/grub 文件，添加以下内容到 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 行

net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0

执行以下命令：

sed -ri.bak '/^GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=/s@"$@net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"@' /etc/default/grub

然后更新 GRUB 配置：

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

如果是 UEFI 引导系统，更新命令为：

# Ubuntu
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg

# Debian
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/debian/grub.cfg

# UEFI 引导系统可以直接执行下面命令：
EFI_DIR=`find /boot/efi/ -name "grub.cfg" | awk -F"/" '{print $5}'`
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/${EFI_DIR}/grub.cfg

修改网卡配置文件：

# Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml

# Ubuntu Server 22.04  LTS
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
touch /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg
cat > /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg <<-EOF
network: {config: disabled}
EOF
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml

# Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml

# Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

# Debian
ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`
sed -i.bak 's/'${ETHNAME}'/eth0/' /etc/network/interfaces

重启系统：
```
reboot
```
重启后，网卡名称将变为 eth0。

2.1.2 设置ip地址

ETHNAME=`ip addr | awk -F"[ :]" '/^2/{print $3}'`

# IP变量是ip地址，PREFIX变量是子网掩码位数；GATEWAY变量是网关地址；PRIMARY_DNS变量是主DNS，BACKUP_DNS变量是备用DNS，根据自己的需求修改。
IP=172.31.0.10
PREFIX=20
GATEWAY=172.31.0.2
PRIMARY_DNS=223.5.5.5
BACKUP_DNS=180.76.76.76

Rocky Linux 9/10、Almalinux 9/10、CentOS Stream 9/10、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9：

cat > /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/${ETHNAME}.nmconnection <<-EOF
[connection]
id=${ETHNAME}
type=ethernet
interface-name=${ETHNAME}

[ipv4]
address1=${IP}/${PREFIX},${GATEWAY}
dns=${PRIMARY_DNS};${BACKUP_DNS};
method=manual
EOF

Rocky Linux 8、Almalinux 8、CentOS 7、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03和24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server v10/v11、UOS Server v20：

cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-${ETHNAME} <<-EOF
NAME=${ETHNAME}
DEVICE=${ETHNAME}
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
TYPE=Ethernet
IPADDR=${IP}
PREFIX=${PREFIX}
GATEWAY=${GATEWAY}
DNS1=${PRIMARY_DNS}
DNS2=${BACKUP_DNS}
EOF

Ubuntu：

# Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS
cat > /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml <<-EOF
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ${ETHNAME}:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [${IP}/${PREFIX}] 
      gateway4: ${GATEWAY}
      nameservers:
        addresses: [${PRIMARY_DNS}, ${BACKUP_DNS}]

# Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS
cat > /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml <<-EOF
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ${ETHNAME}:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [${IP}/${PREFIX}] 
      gateway4: ${GATEWAY}
      nameservers:
        addresses: [${PRIMARY_DNS}, ${BACKUP_DNS}]
EOF

# Ubuntu Server 22.04/24.04 LTS
cat > /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml <<-EOF
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    ${ETHNAME}:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [${IP}/${PREFIX}]
      routes:
        - to: default
          via: ${GATEWAY}
      nameservers:
        addresses: [${PRIMARY_DNS}, ${BACKUP_DNS}]
EOF

Debian：

sed -ri -e "s/allow-hotplug/auto/g" -e "s/dhcp/static/g" /etc/network/interfaces
sed -i '/static/a\address '${IP}'/'${PREFIX}'\ngateway '${GATEWAY}'\ndns-nameservers '${PRIMARY_DNS}' '${BACKUP_DNS}'\n' /etc/network/interfaces

openSUSE：

cat > /etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-${ETHNAME} <<-EOF
STARTMODE='auto'
BOOTPROTO='static'
IPADDR='${IP}/${PREFIX}'
EOF
touch /etc/sysconfig/network/routes
cat > /etc/sysconfig/network/routes  <<-EOF
default ${GATEWAY} - -
EOF
sed -ri  's/(NETCONFIG_DNS_STATIC_SERVERS=).*/\1"'${PRIMARY_DNS}' '${BACKUP_DNS}'"/g' /etc/sysconfig/network/config

2.1.3 配置镜像源

Rocky：

# 阿里云镜像站Rocky系统镜像源地址是：mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux，火山引擎镜像站Rocky系统镜像源地址是：mirrors.volces.com/rockylinux，后面地址是rockylinux，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://dl.rockylinux.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/rockylinux|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/[Rr]ocky*.repo

# 搜狐镜像站Rocky系统镜像源地址是：mirrors.sohu.com/Rocky，后面地址是Rocky，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirrors.sohu.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://'${OLD_MIRROR}'/$contentdir|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/Rocky|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/[Rr]ocky*.repo

# 其余镜像站Rocky系统镜像源地址后面地址都是rocky，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirrors.tencent.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://dl.rockylinux.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/rocky|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/[Rr]ocky*.repo

dnf clean all && dnf makecache

Almalinux：

MIRROR=mirrors.tencent.com
OLD_MIRROR=$(sed -rn '/^.*baseurl=/s@.*=http.*://(.*)/(.*)/\$releasever/.*/$@\1@p' /etc/yum.repos.d/almalinux*.repo | head -1)
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^# baseurl=https://'${OLD_MIRROR}'|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/almalinux*.repo

CentOS Stream 9和10：

cat update_mirror.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use autodie;

# 要修改镜像源，请去修改url变量！
my $url = 'mirrors.aliyun.com';
my $mirrors = "https://$url/centos-stream";

if (@ARGV < 1) {
    die "Usage: $0 <filename1> <filename2> ...\n";
}

while (my $filename = shift @ARGV) {
    my $backup_filename = $filename . '.bak';
    rename $filename, $backup_filename;

    open my $input, "<", $backup_filename;
    open my $output, ">", $filename;

    while (<$input>) {
        s/^metalink/# metalink/;

        if (m/^name/) {
            my (undef, $repo, $arch) = split /-/;
            $repo =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
            ($arch = defined $arch ? lc($arch) : '') =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;

            if ($repo =~ /^Extras/) {
                $_ .= "baseurl=${mirrors}/SIGs/\$releasever-stream/extras" . ($arch eq 'source' ? "/${arch}/" : "/\$basearch/") . "extras-common\n";
            } else {
                $_ .= "baseurl=${mirrors}/\$releasever-stream/$repo" . ($arch eq 'source' ? "/" : "/\$basearch/") . ($arch ne '' ? "${arch}/tree/" : "os") . "\n";
            }
        }

        print $output $_;
    }
}

rpm -q perl &> /dev/null || { echo -e "\\033[01;31m "安装perl工具,请稍等..."\033[0m";yum -y install perl ; }

perl ./update_mirror.pl /etc/yum.repos.d/centos*.repo

dnf clean all && dnf makecache

CentOS Stream 8：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/centos-vault|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo

dnf clean all && dnf makecache

CentOS 7：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OS_RELEASE_FULL_VERSION=`cat /etc/centos-release | sed -rn 's/^(CentOS Linux release )(.*)( \(Core\))/\2/p'`
sed -i.bak -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' -e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos|baseurl=https://'${MIRROR}'/centos-vault|g' -e "s/\$releasever/${OS_RELEASE_FULL_VERSION}/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo

yum clean all && yum makecache

Ubuntu Server 24.04 LTS：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
sed -ri "s@^(URIs: )(http.*://)(.*)(/ubuntu).?@\1https://${MIRROR}\4@g" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources

apt update

Ubuntu Server 18.04/20.04/22.04 LTS：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OLD_MIRROR=`sed -rn "s@^deb http(.*)://(.*)/ubuntu/? $(lsb_release -cs) main.*@\2@p" /etc/apt/sources.list`
SECURITY_MIRROR=`sed -rn "s@^deb http(.*)://(.*)/ubuntu.* $(lsb_release -cs)-security main.*@\2@p" /etc/apt/sources.list`
sed -i.bak -e 's@http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'@https://'${MIRROR}'@g' -e 's@http.*://'${SECURITY_MIRROR}'@https://'${MIRROR}'@g' /etc/apt/sources.list

apt update

Debian：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OLD_MIRROR=`sed -rn "s@^deb http(.*)://(.*)/debian/? $(lsb_release -cs) main.*@\2@p" /etc/apt/sources.list`
SECURITY_MIRROR=`sed -rn "s@^deb http(.*)://(.*)/debian-security $(lsb_release -cs)-security main.*@\2@p" /etc/apt/sources.list`
sed -ri.bak -e 's/'${OLD_MIRROR}'/'${MIRROR}'/g' -e 's/'${SECURITY_MIRROR}'/'${MIRROR}'/g' -e 's/^(deb cdrom.*)/#\1/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

apt update

openEuler：

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OLD_MIRROR=$(awk -F'/' '/^baseurl=/{print $3}' /etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repo | head -1)
sed -i.bak -e 's|^metalink=|#metalink=|g' -e 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'|https://'${MIRROR}'/openeuler|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler.repo

dnf clean all && dnf makecache

AnolisOS:

OLD_MIRROR=$(sed -rn '/^.*baseurl=/s@.*=http.*://(.*)/(.*)/\$releasever/.*/$@\1@p' /etc/yum.repos.d/AnolisOS*.repo | head -1)

# 中国科学院软件研究所镜像站AnolisOS系统镜像源地址是：mirror.iscas.ac.cn/openanolis，后面地址是openanolis，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirror.iscas.ac.cn
sed -i.bak -e 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'/anolis|https://'${MIRROR}'/openanolis|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/AnolisOS*.repo

# 其余镜像站AnolisOS系统镜像源地址后面地址都是anolis，使用下面命令执行
MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
sed -i.bak -e 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'/anolis|https://'${MIRROR}'/anolis|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/AnolisOS*.repo

dnf clean all && dnf makecache

OpenCloudOS：

MIRROR=mirrors.tencent.com
OLD_MIRROR=$(awk -F'/' '/^baseurl=/{print $3}' /etc/yum.repos.d/OpenCloudOS*.repo | head -1)
sed -i.bak -e 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'|https://'${MIRROR}'|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/OpenCloudOS*.repo

dnf clean all && dnf makecache

openSUSE:

MIRROR=mirrors.aliyun.com
OLD_MIRROR=$(awk -F'/' '/^baseurl=/{print $3}' /etc/zypp/repos.d/repo-*.repo | head -1)
sed -i.bak 's|http.*://'${OLD_MIRROR}'|https://'${MIRROR}'/opensuse|g' /etc/zypp/repos.d/repo-*.repo

zypper clean && zypper refresh

2.1.4 关闭防火墙

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、openSUSE、Kylin Server、UOS Server
systemctl disable --now firewalld

# CentOS 7还要执行下面命令
systemctl disable --now NetworkManager

# Ubuntu
systemctl disable --now ufw

# Debian默认没有安装防火墙，不用设置

2.1.5 禁用SELinux

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server、UOS Server
setenforce 0
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config

# Ubuntu、Debian和openSUSE默认没有安装SELinux，不用设置

2.1.6 禁用AppArmor

# openSUSE发行版默认不启用SELinux，而是使用AppArmor来提供强制访问控制（MAC）功能，需要禁用AppArmor。
systemctl disable --now apparmor

2.1.7 设置时区

timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone

# Ubuntu还要设置下面内容
cat >> /etc/default/locale <<-EOF
LC_TIME=en_DK.UTF-8
EOF

2.2 包安装

2.2.1 Yum资源库安装Httpd

在Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server、UOS Server上安装httpd：

[root@rocky10 ~]# yum list httpd --showduplicates
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:56 ago on Tue 23 Sep 2025 04:03:20 PM CST.
Available Packages
httpd.x86_64                                     2.4.63-1.el10                                          appstream
httpd.x86_64                                     2.4.63-1.el10_0.2                                      appstream

[root@rocky10 ~]# yum install -y httpd

[root@rocky10 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now httpd

[root@rocky10 ~]# ss -ntl |grep 80
LISTEN 0      511                *:80              *:*

[root@rocky10 ~]# httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.63 (Rocky Linux)
Server built:   Jul 15 2025 00:00:00

2.2.2 Apt资源库安装Apache2

在Ubuntu和Debian上安装apache2：

root@ubuntu2404:~# apt-cache madison apache2
   apache2 | 2.4.58-1ubuntu8.8 | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu noble-updates/main amd64 Packages
   apache2 | 2.4.58-1ubuntu8.8 | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu noble-security/main amd64 Packages
   apache2 | 2.4.58-1ubuntu8 | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 Packages

root@ubuntu2404:~# apt install -y apache2

root@ubuntu2404:~# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now apache2

root@ubuntu2404:~# ss -ntl |grep 80
LISTEN 0      511                *:80              *:*          

root@ubuntu2404:~# apache2 -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.58 (Ubuntu)
Server built:   2025-08-11T11:10:09

2.2.3 SUSE资源库安装Apache2

在openSUSE上安装apache2：

opensuse15:~ # zypper search "apache2"
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...

S | Name                                | Summary                                                    | Type
--+-------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
  | apache2                             | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package
  | apache2                             | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage
  | apache2-devel                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package
  | apache2-devel                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage
  | apache2-event                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package
  | apache2-event                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage
  | apache2-icons-oxygen                | Oxygen icons for Apache 2                                  | package
  | apache2-manual                      | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package
  | apache2-manual                      | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage
  | apache2-mod_apparmor                | AppArmor module for apache2                                | package
  | apache2-mod_auth_gssapi             | GSSAPI Module for Apache                                   | package
  | apache2-mod_auth_kerb               | Kerberos Module for Apache                                 | package
  | apache2-mod_auth_mellon             | A SAML 2.0 authentication module for the Apache Server     | package
  | apache2-mod_auth_mellon-diagnostics | Build of mod_auth_mellon with diagnostic logging           | package
  | apache2-mod_auth_mellon-doc         | Documentation for mod_auth_mellon module                   | package
  | apache2-mod_auth_openidc            | Apache2.x module for an OpenID Connect enabled Identity -> | package
  | apache2-mod_auth_openidc            | Apache2.x module for an OpenID Connect enabled Identity -> | srcpackage
  | apache2-mod_authn_otp               | Apache module for one-time password authentication         | package
  | apache2-mod_dnssd                   | Apache2 module for Zeroconf support via DNS-SD             | package
  | apache2-mod_encoding                | Non-ASCII filename interoperability module for the Apach-> | package
  | apache2-mod_evasive                 | Denial of Service evasion module for Apache                | package
  | apache2-mod_fcgid                   | Alternative FastCGI module for Apache2                     | package
  | apache2-mod_jk                      | Connectors between Apache and Tomcat Servlet Container     | package
  | apache2-mod_jk                      | Connectors between Apache and Tomcat Servlet Container     | srcpackage
  | apache2-mod_maxminddb               | MaxMind DB Apache Module                                   | package
  | apache2-mod_mono                    | Run ASP.NET Pages on Unix with Apache and Mono             | package
  | apache2-mod_nss                     | SSL/TLS module for the Apache HTTP server                  | package
  | apache2-mod_perl                    | Embedded Perl for Apache                                   | package
  | apache2-mod_perl-devel              | Embedded Perl for Apache - Development package             | package
  | apache2-mod_php7                    | PHP7 module for the Apache 2.x webserver                   | package
  | apache2-mod_php7                    | PHP7 module for the Apache 2.x webserver                   | srcpackage
  | apache2-mod_php8                    | PHP module for the Apache 2.x webserver                    | package
  | apache2-mod_php8                    | PHP module for the Apache 2.x webserver                    | srcpackage
  | apache2-mod_security2               | Web Application Firewall for apache httpd                  | package
  | apache2-mod_security2               | Web Application Firewall for apache httpd                  | srcpackage
  | apache2-mod_uwsgi                   | uWSGI Module for Apache 2.0                                | package
  | apache2-mod_wsgi                    | A WSGI interface for Python3 web applications in Apache    | package
  | apache2-mod_wsgi-python3            | A WSGI interface for Python3 web applications in Apache    | package
  | apache2-prefork                     | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package
  | apache2-prefork                     | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage
  | apache2-utils                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package
  | apache2-utils                       | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage
  | apache2-worker                      | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | package
  | apache2-worker                      | The Apache HTTPD Server                                    | srcpackage
  | dehydrated-apache2                  | Apache Integration for dehydrated                          | package
  | owasp-modsecurity-crs-apache2       | OWASP ModSecurity Common Rule Set (CRS)                    | package
  | perl-Apache2-AuthCookieDBI          | An AuthCookie module backed by a DBI database              | package
  | rubygem-passenger-apache2           | Passenger apache module                                    | package

opensuse15:~ # zypper info apache2
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...


Information for package apache2:
--------------------------------
Repository     : Update repository with updates from SUSE Linux Enterprise 15
Name           : apache2
Version        : 2.4.58-150600.5.35.1
Arch           : x86_64
Vendor         : SUSE LLC <https://www.suse.com/>
Installed Size : 1.4 MiB
Installed      : No
Status         : not installed
Source package : apache2-2.4.58-150600.5.35.1.src
Upstream URL   : https://httpd.apache.org/
Summary        : The Apache HTTPD Server
Description    : 
    The Apache HTTP Server Project is an effort to develop and
    maintain an open-source HTTP server for modern operating
    systems including UNIX and Windows. The goal of this project
    is to provide a secure, efficient and extensible server that
    provides HTTP services in sync with the current HTTP standards.

opensuse15:~ # zypper install -y apache2

opensuse15:~ # systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now apache2

opensuse15:~ # ss -ntl |grep 80
LISTEN 0      4096               *:80              *:*          

opensuse15:~ # httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.58 (Linux/SUSE)
Server built:   2025-07-21 02:11:38.000000000 +0000

2.3 源码编译安装

2.3.1 下载并解压缩源码包

httpd源码包下载，去“https://httpd.apache.org”网站下载，选择“Download”，如图2所示。

图2 下载Apache源码包

选择“Source: httpd-2.4.65.tar.gz“，如图3所示。

图3 下载Apache源码包

cd /usr/local/src/

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget

# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar

wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/httpd/httpd-2.4.65.tar.gz

tar xf httpd-2.4.65.tar.gz

2.3.2 源码编译安装

编译安装参数解释：

./configure # 准备httpd的编译环境
--prefix # 指定httpd安装目录
--enable-so # 启用 DSO（Dynamic Shared Objects）支持 ，即：开启动态模块加载功能。
--enable-ssl # 启用 Apache 的 SSL 模块（ mod_ssl ），使其支持 HTTPS。
--enable-cgi # 该参数会启用 Apache 对 CGI 脚本 的支持，使得服务器可以运行如  .cgi 、 .pl 、 .py  等脚本文件，从而生成动态网页内容。
--enable-rewrite # 启用 mod_rewrite 模块，支持 URL 重写
--with-zlib # 启用 zlib 支持，用于压缩传输内容
--with-pcre # 用于指定 PCRE（Perl Compatible Regular Expressions）库的安装路径。PCRE 是 Apache 用于支持正则表达式的核心依赖，尤其是  mod_rewrite  等模块。
--with-included-apr # 使用 httpd 自带的 APR 和 APR-Util，适合避免系统依赖问题 

--enable-modules # 控制哪些模块被静态编译进主程序（即不能动态加载）。
# all ：启用所有模块（静态方式），体积大，灵活性差。
# most ：启用大多数常用模块（静态方式），是折中选择。

--enable-mpms-shared # 用于控制 MPM（Multi-Processing Module，多处理模块）是否以动态共享模块（DSO）方式构建。 
# --enable-mpms-shared=all，将所有平台支持的 MPM 模块都编译为共享模块，即  event 、 worker 、prefork  等都会被编译成  .so  文件，供运行时动态加载。
# --enable-mpms-shared=event worker，仅将指定的 MPM 编译为共享模块，多个模块用空格分隔。 
# 默认行为（不加此参数） ，MPM 会被静态编译进主程序，无法通过配置文件切换，必须重新编译才能更换 MPM。

--with-mpm # 用于指定默认使用的 MPM（Multi-Processing Module，多路处理模块）。这个参数决定了 Apache 的并发处理模型，对性能和资源使用有直接影响。
# prefork，多进程模型，每个进程处理一个请求，稳定性高，兼容性最好；适合低并发、需要兼容非线程安全模块（如 mod_php） 
# worker ，多进程 + 多线程混合模型，资源占用更少，并发能力更强；适合中高并发，线程安全模块
# event，类似 worker，但对 Keep-alive 连接做了优化，性能更好 ；高并发、静态资源为主，Apache 2.4+ 推荐

2.3.2.1 Rocky 9/10、AlmaLinux 9/10、CentOS 7、CentOS Stream 9/10、openEuler 24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9、Kylin Server V11

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录：

cd ..

wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking for gcc... no # 提示，没有gcc
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
checking for clang... no
configure: error: in '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See 'config.log' for more details
configure failed for srclib/apr

安装gcc包：

yum install -y gcc

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: pcre(2)-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/
 # 提示，没有pcre

安装pcre2-devel包：

yum install -y  pcre2-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures # 提示，没有mod_ssl

安装openssl-devel包：

yum install -y openssl-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:

    Server Version: 2.4.65
    Install prefix: /apps/httpd
    C compiler:     gcc
    CFLAGS:          -g -O2  
    CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  
    LDFLAGS:           
    LIBS:             
    C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件
   35 | #include <expat.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装expat-devel包：

yum install -y expat-devel

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

# 安装依赖包
yum install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel expat-devel

# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65

# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.2.2 Rocky 8、AlmaLinux 8、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server V10

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util并解压，复制到相应目录：

cd ..

wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking for gcc... no # 提示，没有gcc
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
checking for clang... no
configure: error: in '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See 'config.log' for more details
configure failed for srclib/apr

安装gcc包：

yum install -y gcc

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: pcre(2)-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/
 # 提示，没有pcre

安装pcre2-devel包：

yum install -y  pcre2-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures # 提示，没有mod_ssl

安装openssl-devel包：

yum install -y openssl-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:

    Server Version: 2.4.65
    Install prefix: /apps/httpd
    C compiler:     gcc
    CFLAGS:          -g -O2  
    CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  
    LDFLAGS:           
    LIBS:             
    C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

yum install -y make

make -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件
   35 | #include <expat.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装expat-devel包：

yum install -y expat-devel

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

# 安装依赖包
yum install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel make expat-devel

# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65

# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.2.3 UOS Server V20

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录：

cd ..

wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:

    Server Version: 2.4.65
    Install prefix: /apps/httpd
    C compiler:     gcc
    CFLAGS:          -g -O2 -pthread  
    CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  
    LDFLAGS:           
    LIBS:             
    C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件
   35 | #include <expat.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装expat-devel包：

yum install -y expat-devel

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

# 安装依赖包
yum install -y expat-devel

# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65

# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.2.4 openSUSE Leap 15

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录：

cd ..

wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking for gcc... no # 提示，没有gcc
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
checking for clang... no
configure: error: in '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See 'config.log' for more details
configure failed for srclib/apr

安装gcc包：

zypper install -y gcc

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: pcre(2)-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/
 # 提示，没有pcre

安装pcre2-devel包：

zypper install -y  pcre2-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures # 提示，没有mod_ssl

安装openssl-devel包：

zypper install -y openssl-devel

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:

    Server Version: 2.4.65
    Install prefix: /apps/httpd
    C compiler:     gcc
    CFLAGS:          -g -O2  
    CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  
    LDFLAGS:           
    LIBS:             
    C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

zypper install -y make

make -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件
   35 | #include <expat.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装libexpat-devel包：

zypper install -y libexpat-devel

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

# 安装依赖包
zypper install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel make libexpat-devel

# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65

# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.2.5 Ubuntu Server 18.04/20.04/22.04/24.04 LTS、Debian 11/12/13

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: Bundled APR requested but not found at ./srclib/. Download and unpack the corresponding apr and apr-util packages to ./srclib/. # 提示，配置：错误：请求了捆绑的APR，但在./srclib/中未找到。请下载并解压相应的apr和apr-util包到./srclib/。

下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录：

cd ..

wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

进入httpd包解压的目录：

cd httpd-2.4.65

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking for gcc... no # 提示，没有gcc
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
checking for clang... no
configure: error: in '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See 'config.log' for more details
configure failed for srclib/apr

安装gcc包：

apt install -y gcc

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
configure: error: pcre(2)-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/
 # 提示，没有pcre

安装libpcre2-dev包：

apt install -y libpcre2-dev

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures # 提示，没有mod_ssl

安装libssl-dev包：

apt install -y libssl-dev

继续执行configure：

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
...
config.status: creating test/pyhttpd/config.ini
config.status: creating docs/conf/httpd.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
config.status: creating docs/conf/extra/proxy-html.conf
config.status: creating include/ap_config_layout.h
config.status: creating support/apxs
config.status: creating support/apachectl
config.status: creating support/dbmmanage
config.status: creating support/envvars-std
config.status: creating support/log_server_status
config.status: creating support/logresolve.pl
config.status: creating support/phf_abuse_log.cgi
config.status: creating support/split-logfile
config.status: creating build/rules.mk
config.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfo
config.status: creating build/config_vars.sh
config.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.h
config.status: executing default commands
configure: summary of build options:

    Server Version: 2.4.65
    Install prefix: /apps/httpd
    C compiler:     gcc
    CFLAGS:          -g -O2  
    CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE  
    LDFLAGS:           
    LIBS:             
    C preprocessor: gcc -E

执行make：

apt install -y make

make -j $(nproc) && make install
...
httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/include/private  -I/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr/include    -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
xml/apr_xml.c:35:10: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory # 提示，缺少expat.h文件
   35 | #include <expat.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:207: xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[2]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util/build/rules.mk:119: all-recursive] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util'
make[1]: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/srclib'
make: *** [/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.65/build/rules.mk:75: all-recursive] Error 1

安装libexpat1-dev包：

apt install -y libexpat1-dev

重新执行configure：

# 再次执行make之前先清理之前的操作
make clean

./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

重新执行make：

make -j $(nproc) && make install

总结编译过程：

# 下载apr和apr-util包，解压并移动到相应目录
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
wget https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

tar xf apr-1.7.6.tar.gz 
tar xf apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz

mv apr-1.7.6 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr
mv apr-util-1.6.3 httpd-2.4.65/srclib/apr-util

# 安装依赖包
apt install -y gcc libpcre2-dev libssl-dev make libexpat1-dev

# 进入httpd包解压的目录
cd httpd-2.4.65

# 执行configure
./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

# 执行make
make -j $(nproc) && make install

2.3.3 创建用户和组

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、UOS Server、Ubuntu、Debian
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r apache

# openSUSE
groupadd -r apache
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -g apache apache

2.3.4 指定运行httpd的用户

sed -i 's/daemon/apache/' /apps/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

2.3.5 设置环境变量

echo "PATH=/apps/httpd/bin:$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
. /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

2.3.6 准备启动脚本并启动服务

# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、UOS Server、openSUSE
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
Documentation=man:apachectl(8)

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl graceful
ExecStop=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl stop
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# Ubuntu和Debian
cat > /lib/systemd/system/httpd.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
Documentation=man:apachectl(8)

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl graceful
ExecStop=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl stop
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now httpd

2.3.7 验证Httpd

[root@rocky10 httpd-2.4.65]# ss -ntl |grep 80
LISTEN 0      511                *:80              *:* 

[root@rocky10 httpd-2.4.65]# httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.65 (Unix)
Server built:   Sep 23 2025 17:37:36

2.3.8 一键安装Httpd源码编译的脚本

Shell脚本源码地址：

Gitee：https://gitee.com/raymond9/shell

Github：https://github.com/raymond999999/shell

可以去上面的Gitee或Github代码仓库拉取脚本。

[root@rocky10 ~]# cat install_httpd_source.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
#**********************************************************************************
#Author:        Raymond
#QQ:            88563128
#MP:            Raymond运维
#Date:          2025-09-24
#FileName:      install_httpd_source.sh
#URL:           https://wx.zsxq.com/group/15555885545422
#Description:   The mysql source script install supports 
#               “Rocky Linux 8, 9 and 10, AlmaLinux 8, 9 and 10, CentOS 7, 
#               CentOS Stream 8, 9 and 10, openEuler 22.03 and 24.03 LTS, 
#               AnolisOS 8 and 23, OpenCloudOS 8 and 9, Kylin Server v10 and v11, 
#               UOS Server v20, Ubuntu Server 18.04, 20.04, 22.04 and 24.04 LTS,  
#               Debian 11 , 12 and 13, openSUSE Leap 15“ operating systems.
#Copyright (C): 2025 All rights reserved
#**********************************************************************************
COLOR="echo -e \\033[01;31m"
END='\033[0m'

os(){
    . /etc/os-release
    MAIN_NAME=`sed -rn '/^NAME=/s@.*="([[:alpha:]]+).*"$@\1@p' /etc/os-release`
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];then
        MAIN_VERSION_ID=`sed -rn '/^VERSION_ID=/s@.*="([[:alpha:]]+)(.*)"$@\2@p' /etc/os-release`
    else
        MAIN_VERSION_ID=`sed -rn '/^VERSION_ID=/s@.*="?([0-9]+)\.?.*"?@\1@p' /etc/os-release`
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];then
        FULL_NAME="${PRETTY_NAME}"
    elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];then
        FULL_NAME="${NAME}"
    else
        FULL_NAME="${NAME} ${VERSION_ID}"
    fi
}

os
SRC_DIR=/usr/local/src
INSTALL_DIR=/apps/httpd
APR_URL=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/
APR_FILE=apr-1.7.6.tar.gz
APR_UTIL_URL=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/apr/
APR_UTIL_FILE=apr-util-1.6.3.tar.gz
HTTPD_URL=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/apache/httpd/
HTTPD_FILE=httpd-2.4.65.tar.gz
MPM=event

check_file(){
    cd  ${SRC_DIR}
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];then
        rpm -q wget &> /dev/null || { ${COLOR}"安装wget工具，请稍等......"${END};yum -y install wget &> /dev/null; }
    fi
    if [ ! -e ${APR_FILE} ];then
        ${COLOR}"缺少${APR_FILE}文件！"${END}
        ${COLOR}"开始下载${APR_FILE}源码包......"${END}
        wget ${APR_URL}${APR_FILE} || { ${COLOR}"下载${APR_FILE}源码包下载失败！"${END}; exit; }
    else
        ${COLOR}"${APR_FILE}文件已准备好！"${END}
    fi
    if [ ! -e ${APR_UTIL_FILE} ];then
        ${COLOR}"缺少${APR_UTIL_FILE}文件！"${END}
        ${COLOR}"开始下载${APR_UTIL_FILE}源码包......"${END}
        wget ${APR_UTIL_URL}${APR_UTIL_FILE} || { ${COLOR}"下载${APR_UTIL_FILE}源码包下载失败！"${END}; exit; }
    else
        ${COLOR}"${APR_UTIL_FILE}文件已准备好！"${END}
    fi
    if [ ! -e ${HTTPD_FILE} ];then
        ${COLOR}"缺少${HTTPD_FILE}文件！"${END}
        ${COLOR}"开始下载${HTTPD_FILE}源码包......"${END} 
        wget ${HTTPD_URL}${HTTPD_FILE} || { ${COLOR}"下载${HTTPD_FILE}源码包下载失败！"${END}; exit; }
    else
        ${COLOR}"${HTTPD_FILE}文件已准备好！"${END}
    fi
}

install_httpd(){
    [ -d ${INSTALL_DIR} ] && { ${COLOR}"Httpd已存在，安装失败！"${END};exit; }
    ${COLOR}"开始安装Httpd......"${END}
    ${COLOR}"开始安装Httpd依赖包，请稍等......"${END}
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
        zypper install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel make libexpat-devel &> /dev/null
    elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];then
        apt update &> /dev/null;apt install -y gcc libpcre2-dev libssl-dev make libexpat1-dev
    else
        yum install -y gcc pcre2-devel openssl-devel make expat-devel &> /dev/null
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
            yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 23 ];then
            yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" ];then
        if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 ];then
            yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
        fi
    fi
    tar xf ${APR_FILE} && tar xf ${APR_UTIL_FILE} && tar xf ${HTTPD_FILE}
    APR_FILE_DIR=`echo ${APR_FILE}_| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`
    APR_UTIL_FILE_DIR=`echo ${APR_UTIL_FILE}_| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`
    HTTPD_FILE_DIR=`echo ${HTTPD_FILE}_| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`
    mv ${APR_FILE_DIR} ${HTTPD_FILE_DIR}/srclib/apr
    mv ${APR_UTIL_FILE_DIR} ${HTTPD_FILE_DIR}/srclib/apr-util
    cd ${HTTPD_FILE_DIR}
    ./configure --prefix=${INSTALL_DIR} --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=${MPM}
    make -j $(nproc) && make install
    [ $? -eq 0 ] && $COLOR"Httpd编译安装成功！"$END ||  { $COLOR"Httpd编译安装失败,退出!"$END;exit; }
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
        id apache &> /dev/null || { groupadd -r apache && useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -g apache apache; ${COLOR}"成功创建apache用户!"${END}; }
    else
        id apache &> /dev/null || { useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r apache ; ${COLOR}"成功创建apache用户！"${END}; }
    fi
    sed -i 's/daemon/apache/' ${INSTALL_DIR}/conf/httpd.conf
    echo "PATH=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin:$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
    . /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
    if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];then
        cat > /lib/systemd/system/httpd.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
Documentation=man:apachectl(8)

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl graceful
ExecStop=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl stop
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
    else
        cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
Documentation=man:apachectl(8)

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl graceful
ExecStop=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/apachectl stop
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
    fi
    systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now httpd &> /dev/null
    systemctl is-active httpd &> /dev/null ||  { ${COLOR}"Httpd启动失败,退出!"${END} ; exit; }
    ${COLOR}"${FULL_NAME}操作系统，Httpd安装完成！"${END}
}

main(){
    check_file
    install_httpd
}

if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 7 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 23 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == 'OpenCloudOS' ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 8 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 11 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 20 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 15 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 18 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 20 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
        main
    fi
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == 'Debian' ];then
    if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 11 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 12 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 13 ];then
        main
    fi
else
    ${COLOR}"此脚本不支持${FULL_NAME}操作系统！"${END}
fi

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Apache介绍和安装

Apache介绍和安装

1.Apache介绍

2.Apache安装

2.1 主机初始化

2.1.1 设置网卡名

2.1.2 设置ip地址

2.1.3 配置镜像源

2.1.4 关闭防火墙

2.1.5 禁用SELinux

2.1.6 禁用AppArmor

2.1.7 设置时区

2.2 包安装

2.2.1 Yum资源库安装Httpd

2.2.2 Apt资源库安装Apache2

2.2.3 SUSE资源库安装Apache2

2.3 源码编译安装

2.3.1 下载并解压缩源码包

2.3.2 源码编译安装

2.3.2.1 Rocky 9/10、AlmaLinux 9/10、CentOS 7、CentOS Stream 9/10、openEuler 24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9、Kylin Server V11

2.3.2.2 Rocky 8、AlmaLinux 8、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server V10

2.3.2.3 UOS Server V20

2.3.2.4 openSUSE Leap 15

2.3.2.5 Ubuntu Server 18.04/20.04/22.04/24.04 LTS、Debian 11/12/13

2.3.3 创建用户和组

2.3.4 指定运行httpd的用户

2.3.5 设置环境变量

2.3.6 准备启动脚本并启动服务

2.3.7 验证Httpd

2.3.8 一键安装Httpd源码编译的脚本

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