【详解】JS解决IE6、7、8使用JSON.stringify报JSON未定义错误的问题
JS解决IE6、7、8使用JSON.stringify报JSON未定义错误的问题
在Web开发中,JSON(JavaScript Object Notation)是一种轻量级的数据交换格式,易于人阅读和编写,同时也易于机器解析和生成。JSON.stringify
和 JSON.parse
是JavaScript中用于处理JSON数据的两个非常重要的方法。然而,在IE6、IE7、IE8这些老版本的浏览器中,原生并不支持JSON对象,这导致了在使用JSON.stringify
时会遇到“JSON未定义”的错误。
本文将介绍如何通过引入第三方库来解决这个问题,确保你的应用能够在这些旧版浏览器中正常运行。
问题背景
JSON对象的浏览器支持情况
- 现代浏览器:如Chrome、Firefox、Safari等,都内置了对JSON对象的支持。
- IE9及以上版本:也已经内置了对JSON对象的支持。
- IE6、IE7、IE8:这些版本的IE浏览器没有内置JSON对象,因此直接使用
JSON.stringify
或JSON.parse
会导致错误。
错误示例
假设你有如下JavaScript代码:
var obj = { name: "张三", age: 25 };
var jsonStr = JSON.stringify(obj);
console.log(jsonStr); // 在IE6/7/8中会报错
在IE6、IE7、IE8中运行这段代码时,会出现“JSON未定义”的错误,因为这些浏览器不支持JSON对象。
解决方案
为了使上述代码能在IE6、IE7、IE8中正常工作,我们可以引入一个名为json2.js
的脚本文件。这个脚本文件由Douglas Crockford编写,它为不支持JSON对象的浏览器提供了一个兼容性实现。
引入json2.js
- 下载
json2.js
:你可以从Douglas Crockford的GitHub仓库下载json2.js
文件。 - 引入到项目中:将下载的
json2.js
文件添加到你的项目中,并在HTML文件中通过<script>
标签引入。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>JSON Polyfill Example</title>
<script src="path/to/json2.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<script>
var obj = { name: "张三", age: 25 };
var jsonStr = JSON.stringify(obj);
console.log(jsonStr); // 输出: {"name":"张三","age":25}
</script>
</body>
</html>
如何工作
当你在页面中引入json2.js
后,如果浏览器本身不支持JSON对象,json2.js
会自动定义一个全局的JSON
对象,并提供JSON.stringify
和JSON.parse
方法。这样,即使在IE6、IE7、IE8中,你也可以安全地使用这两个方法而不会遇到“JSON未定义”的错误。
测试与验证
为了确保解决方案的有效性,你可以在不同的浏览器中测试上述代码,特别是IE6、IE7、IE8。你可以使用工具如IETester或VirtualBox中的Windows XP系统来模拟这些旧版浏览器的环境。
通过引入json2.js
,我们可以在不支持JSON对象的浏览器中提供必要的兼容性支持,确保我们的应用程序能够跨浏览器稳定运行。在Internet Explorer 6、7、8(简称IE6-8)中,原生JavaScript并不支持JSON
对象及其方法如JSON.stringify()
和JSON.parse()
。这会导致在这些浏览器中尝试使用这些方法时出现“JSON未定义”错误。为了解决这个问题,可以使用一个名为json2.js
的库,它是由Douglas Crockford编写的,用于向不支持JSON
对象的旧版浏览器添加JSON
支持。
以下是如何在项目中引入并使用json2.js
来解决IE6-8中JSON.stringify
未定义问题的示例:
- 下载
json2.js
文件:
- 你可以从Douglas Crockford的GitHub仓库下载
json2.js
文件:https://github.com/douglascrockford/JSON-js - 或者直接复制粘贴以下内容到一个名为
json2.js
的文件中:
// json2.js - JSON in JavaScript (http://www.json.org/js.html)
// Public Domain. No warranty.
// See http://www.JSON.org/js.html
/*jslint evil: true, strict: false, regexp: false */
/*members "", "\b", "\t", "\n", "\f", "\r", "\"", JSON, "\\", apply, call, charCodeAt, getUTCDate,
getUTCFullYear, getUTCHours, getUTCMinutes, getUTCMonth, getUTCSeconds, hasOwnProperty, join,
lastIndexOf, length, parse, prototype, push, replace, slice, stringify, test, toJSON, toString,
value, write */
// Create a JSON object only if one does not already exist. We create the
// methods in a closure to avoid creating global variables.
if (!this.JSON) {
this.JSON = {};
}
(function () {
"use strict";
function f(n) {
// Format integers to have at least two digits.
return n < 10 ? '0' + n : n;
}
if (typeof Date.prototype.toJSON !== 'function') {
Date.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {
return isFinite(this.valueOf()) ?
this.getUTCFullYear() + '-' +
f(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) + '-' +
f(this.getUTCDate()) + 'T' +
f(this.getUTCHours()) + ':' +
f(this.getUTCMinutes()) + ':' +
f(this.getUTCSeconds()) + 'Z' : null;
};
String.prototype.toJSON =
Number.prototype.toJSON =
Boolean.prototype.toJSON = function (key) {
return this.valueOf();
};
}
var cx = /[\u0000\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g,
escapable = /[\\\"\x00-\x1f\x7f-\x9f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/g,
gap,
indent,
meta = { // table of character substitutions
'\b': '\\b',
'\t': '\\t',
'\n': '\\n',
'\f': '\\f',
'\r': '\\r',
'"': '\\"',
'\\': '\\\\'
},
rep;
function quote(string) {
// If the string contains no control characters, no quote characters, and no
// backslash characters, then we can safely slap some quotes around it.
// Otherwise we must also replace the offending characters with safe escape
// sequences.
escapable.lastIndex = 0;
return escapable.test(string) ? '"' + string.replace(escapable, function (a) {
var c = meta[a];
return typeof c === 'string' ? c :
'\\u' + ('0000' + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
}) + '"' : '"' + string + '"';
}
function str(key, holder) {
var i, // The loop counter.
k, // The member key.
v, // The member value.
length,
mind = gap,
partial,
value = holder[key];
// If the value has a toJSON method, call it to obtain a replacement value.
if (value && typeof value === 'object' &&
typeof value.toJSON === 'function') {
value = value.toJSON(key);
}
// If we were called with a replacer function, then call the replacer to
// obtain a replacement value.
if (typeof rep === 'function') {
value = rep.call(holder, key, value);
}
// What happens next depends on the value's type.
switch (typeof value) {
case 'string':
return quote(value);
case 'number':
// JSON numbers must be finite. Encode non-finite numbers as null.
return isFinite(value) ? String(value) : 'null';
case 'boolean':
case 'null':
// If the value is a boolean or null, convert it to a string. Note:
// typeof null does not produce 'null'. The case is included here in
// the remote chance that this gets fixed someday.
return String(value);
// If the type is 'object', we might be dealing with an object or an array or
// null.
case 'object':
// Due to a specification blunder in ECMAScript, typeof null is 'object',
// so watch out for that case.
if (!value) {
return 'null';
}
// Make an array to hold the partial results of stringifying this object value.
gap += indent;
partial = [];
// Is the value an array?
if (Object.prototype.toString.apply(value) === '[object Array]') {
// The value is an array. Stringify every element. Use null as a placeholder
// for non-JSON values.
length = value.length;
for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
partial[i] = str(i, value) || 'null';
}
// Join all of the elements together, separated with commas, and wrap them in
// brackets.
v = partial.length === 0 ? '[]' : gap ?
'[\n' + gap + partial.join(',\n' + gap) + '\n' + mind + ']' :
'[' + partial.join(',') + ']';
gap = mind;
return v;
}
// If the replacer is an array, use it to select the members to be stringified.
if (rep && typeof rep === 'object') {
length = rep.length;
for (i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
if (typeof rep[i] === 'string') {
k = rep[i];
v = str(k, value);
if (v) {
partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ': ' : ':') + v);
}
}
}
} else {
// Otherwise, iterate through all of the keys in the object.
for (k in value) {
if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
v = str(k, value);
if (v) {
partial.push(quote(k) + (gap ? ': ' : ':') + v);
}
}
}
}
// Join all of the member texts together, separated with commas,
// and wrap them in braces.
v = partial.length === 0 ? '{}' : gap ?
'{\n' + gap + partial.join(',\n' + gap) + '\n' + mind + '}' :
'{' + partial.join(',') + '}';
gap = mind;
return v;
}
}
// If the JSON object does not yet have a stringify method, give it one.
if (typeof JSON.stringify !== 'function') {
JSON.stringify = function (value, replacer, space) {
// The stringify method takes a value and an optional replacer, and an optional
// space parameter, and returns a JSON text. The replacer can be a function
// that can replace values, or an array of strings that will select the keys.
// A default replacer method can be provided. Use of the space parameter can
// produce text that is more easily readable.
var i;
gap = '';
indent = '';
// If the space parameter is a number, make an indent string containing that
// many spaces.
if (typeof space === 'number') {
for (i = 0; i < space; i += 1) {
indent += ' ';
}
// If the space parameter is a string, it will be used as the indent string.
} else if (typeof space === 'string') {
indent = space;
}
// If there is a replacer, it must be a function or an array.
// Otherwise, throw an error.
rep = replacer;
if (replacer && typeof replacer !== 'function' &&
(typeof replacer !== 'object' ||
typeof replacer.length !== 'number')) {
throw new Error('JSON.stringify');
}
// Make a fake root object containing our value under the key of ''.
// Return the result of stringifying the value.
return str('', {'': value});
};
}
// If the JSON object does not yet have a parse method, give it one.
if (typeof JSON.parse !== 'function') {
JSON.parse = function (text, reviver) {
// The parse method takes a text and an optional reviver function, and returns
// the JavaScript value represented by the text. If a reviver function is provided,
// then each of the keys and values in the resulting structure are processed before
// being returned.
var j;
function walk(holder, key) {
var k, v, value = holder[key];
if (value && typeof value === 'object') {
for (k in value) {
if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(value, k)) {
v = walk(value, k);
if (v !== undefined) {
value[k] = v;
} else {
delete value[k];
}
}
}
}
return reviver.call(holder, key, value);
}
// Parsing happens in four stages. In the first stage, we replace certain
// Unicode characters with escape sequences. JavaScript handles many characters
// incorrectly, either silently deleting them, or treating them as line endings.
text = String(text);
cx.lastIndex = 0;
if (cx.test(text)) {
text = text.replace(cx, function (a) {
return '\\u' +
('0000' + a.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
});
}
// In the second stage, we run the text against regular expressions that look
// for non-JSON patterns. We are especially concerned with '()' and 'new'
// because they can cause invocation, and '=' because it can cause mutation.
// But just to be safe, we want to reject all unexpected forms.
// We split the second stage into 4 regexp operations in order to work around
// crippling inefficiencies in IE's and Safari's regexp engines. First we
// replace the JSON backslash pairs with '@' (a non-JSON character). Second, we
// replace all simple value tokens with ']' characters. Third, we delete all
// open brackets that follow a colon or comma or that begin the text. Finally,
// we look to see that the remaining characters are only whitespace or ']' or
// ',' or ':' or '{' or '}'. If that is so, then the text is safe for eval.
if (/^[\],:{}\s]*$/
.test(text.replace(/\\(?:["\\\/bfnrt]|u[0-9a-fA-F]{4})/g, '@')
.replace(/"[^"\\\n\r]*"|true|false|null|-?\d+(?:\.\d*)?(?:[eE][+\-]?\d+)?/g, ']')
.replace(/(?:^|:|,)(?:\s*\[)+/g, ''))) {
// In the third stage we use the eval function to compile the text into a
// JavaScript structure. The '{' operator is subject to a syntactic ambiguity
// in JavaScript: it can begin a block or an object literal. We wrap the text
// in parens to eliminate the ambiguity.
j = eval('(' + text + ')');
// In the optional fourth stage, we recursively process the new structure,
// passing each name/value pair to a reviver function for possible
// transformation.
return typeof reviver === 'function' ?
walk({'': j}, '') : j;
}
// If the text is not JSON parseable, then a SyntaxError is thrown.
throw new SyntaxError('JSON.parse');
};
}
}());
- 在HTML文件中引入
json2.js
: 确保在使用JSON.stringify
或JSON.parse
之前加载了json2.js
。例如,在你的HTML文件中加入以下代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>JSON Test</title>
<script src="path/to/json2.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<script>
var data = { name: "John", age: 30, city: "New York" };
var jsonStr = JSON.stringify(data);
console.log(jsonStr); // 输出: {"name":"John","age":30,"city":"New York"}
</script>
</body>
</html>
通过以上步骤,你可以在IE6-8中安全地使用JSON.stringify
和JSON.parse
方法。json2.js
会自动检测浏览器是否支持JSON
对象,并在不支持的情况下提供必要的实现。在Internet Explorer 6、7 和 8(简称 IE6-8)中,原生的 JavaScript 并不支持 JSON
对象,因此直接使用 JSON.stringify()
或 JSON.parse()
会抛出 JSON is not defined
的错误。为了解决这个问题,可以采用以下几种方法:
方法一:使用 JSON2.js
JSON2.js
是由 Douglas Crockford 编写的脚本,它为那些不支持原生 JSON
对象的浏览器提供了 JSON
对象的支持。你可以通过引入这个脚本来解决 IE6-8 中 JSON
未定义的问题。
引入 JSON2.js
- 下载 JSON2.js:你可以从 这里 下载
json2.js
文件。 - 引入到项目中:将
json2.js
文件添加到你的项目中,并在需要使用 JSON
功能的页面中引入它。
<script src="path/to/json2.js"></script>
使用示例
var data = { name: "John", age: 30 };
var jsonString = JSON.stringify(data);
console.log(jsonString); // 输出: {"name":"John","age":30}
var parsedData = JSON.parse(jsonString);
console.log(parsedData); // 输出: Object { name: "John", age: 30 }
方法二:条件加载 JSON2.js
为了提高性能,可以在检测到浏览器不支持 JSON
对象时再加载 json2.js
。这可以通过 JavaScript 来实现。
<script>
if (typeof JSON === 'undefined' || typeof JSON.stringify !== 'function') {
document.write('<script src="path/to/json2.js"><\/script>');
}
</script>
方法三:手动实现 JSON.stringify 和 JSON.parse
如果你不想依赖外部库,也可以手动实现 JSON.stringify
和 JSON.parse
的基本功能。但这通常不推荐,因为手动实现可能会遗漏一些边缘情况和安全性问题。
基本实现
if (typeof JSON === 'undefined') {
JSON = {};
}
if (typeof JSON.stringify !== 'function') {
JSON.stringify = function (obj) {
var t = typeof (obj);
if (t != "object" || obj === null) {
// simple data type
if (t == "string") obj = '"'+obj+'"';
return String(obj);
} else {
// recurse array or object
var n, v, json = [], arr = (obj && obj.constructor == Array);
for (n in obj) {
v = obj[n]; t = typeof(v);
if (t == "string") v = '"'+v+'"';
else if (t == "object" && v !== null) v = JSON.stringify(v);
json.push((arr ? "" : '"' + n + '":') + String(v));
}
return (arr ? "[" : "{") + String(json) + (arr ? "]" : "}");
}
};
}
if (typeof JSON.parse !== 'function') {
JSON.parse = function (text) {
return eval("(" + text + ")");
};
}
总结
对于大多数项目来说,使用 JSON2.js
是最简单且最可靠的方法来解决 IE6-8 中 JSON
未定义的问题。这种方法不仅简单易用,而且已经经过广泛的测试,能够处理各种复杂的数据结构。如果你有特殊需求或性能考虑,可以选择条件加载或手动实现。
- 点赞
- 收藏
- 关注作者
评论(0)