【Docker实战】Flexus X实例与Harbor私有镜像仓库的完美结合

前言

Flexus X实例携手Harbor私有镜像仓库，共创云上安全高效新生态！Flexus X以其卓越性能与稳定性，为Harbor提供了理想的运行环境。Harbor作为领先的私有镜像仓库，与Flexus X完美结合，助力企业轻松管理Docker镜像，确保应用部署的安全与高效。8

Harbor介绍

Harbor是一个开源的企业级Registry服务器，用于管理和存储Docker镜像和OCI容器镜像。作为一个高可用、安全可靠的容器镜像仓库，Harbor提供了丰富的功能和管理工具，以帮助组织有效地构建和管理容器镜像。

Harbor架构及特点

**开源与社区支持： ** Harbor是开源的，这意味着其源代码是公开的，并且社区成员可以自由地贡献代码、修复漏洞和增强功能。

**企业级功能： ** Harbor提供了比Docker官方Registry更丰富的企业级功能，如用户管理、权限控制、镜像签名和验证、漏洞扫描等。

多租户支持： Harbor支持多租户环境，允许不同的用户或组织拥有私有的镜像仓库。

容器化部署： Harbor以容器化的形式提供，这意味着它可以在任何支持Docker的平台上运行。

Flexus X实例上搭建Harbor的好处

高性能与灵活性： Flexus X实例作为华为云推出的下一代柔性算力云服务器，具有卓越的性能表现。通过X-Turbo加速技术和瑶光云脑智能调度，Flexus X实例能够显著提升Harbor的运行效率，确保镜像仓库的稳定性和高效性。

快速部署： Flexus X实例支持快速部署和一键操作，用户可以在短时间内完成Harbor的搭建和配置工作，提高业务上线的速度。

良好兼容性： Flexus X实例支持多种操作系统和镜像类型，包括Huawei Cloud EulerOS 2.0等公共镜像，能够满足Harbor在不同操作系统环境下的运行需求。

系统设置

关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@flexusx-251f ~]# systemctl stop  firewalld.service
[root@flexusx-251f ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
[root@flexusx-251f ~]# setenforce 0

环境规划

Harbor安装

需要了解：

• 采用docker方式进行部署Harbor企业级私有镜像仓库搭建
• 详细购买配置实例可参考文章： 快速部署华为云Flexus X实例，开启您的云端之旅
• 部署docker服务请参考文章：华为FlexusX与Docker+Nginx的高效整合之路

下载安装包并解压

Harbor安装包下载地址，下载之后可通过远程工具进行传包

[root@flexusx-251f ~]# mkdir harbor
[root@flexusx-251f ~]# cd harbor/
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# ls
harbor-offline-installer-v2.7.0.tgz

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# tar -zxvf harbor-offline-installer-v2.7.1.tgz
harbor/harbor.v2.7.1.tar.gz
harbor/prepare
harbor/LICENSE
harbor/install.sh
harbor/common.sh
harbor/harbor.yml.tmpl

配置Harbor

修改harbor.yml

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# ls
harbor  harbor-offline-installer-v2.7.1.tgz
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# cd harbor/
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# ls
common.sh  harbor.v2.7.1.tar.gz  harbor.yml.tmpl  install.sh  LICENSE  prepare
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# cp harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.yml
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# vim harbor.yml
# 修改主机名为本机ip地址
# Configuration file of Harbor

# The IP address or hostname to access admin UI and registry service.
# DO NOT use localhost or 127.0.0.1, because Harbor needs to be accessed by external clients.
hostname: 123.249.27.118

# 修改端口号为4000，可以自定义
# http related config
http:
  # port for http, default is 80. If https enabled, this port will redirect to https port
  port: 4000

# 注释https
# https related config
#https:
#  # https port for harbor, default is 443
#  port: 443
#  # The path of cert and key files for nginx
#  certificate: /your/certificate/path
#  private_key: /your/private/key/path

修改docker.service

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# vim /lib/systemd/system/docker.service

# #在 ExecStart 参数后面添加 --insecure-registry=123.249.27.117:4000
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock --insecure-registry=123.249.27.117:4000

# 重新启动docker服务
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# systemctl restart docker.service

导入离线镜像

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# ls
harbor  harbor-2.7.1.tar  harbor-offline-installer-v2.7.1.tgz
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# docker load -i harbor-2.7.1.tar

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                                          TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
goharbor/harbor-exporter                                            v2.7.1    d40eb452ec72   18 months ago   96.5MB
goharbor/chartmuseum-photon                                         v2.7.1    e6ab349a4f12   18 months ago   227MB
goharbor/redis-photon                                               v2.7.1    229dd1844a26   18 months ago   127MB
goharbor/trivy-adapter-photon                                       v2.7.1    729fab8418df   18 months ago   442MB
goharbor/notary-server-photon                                       v2.7.1    12adb40b7a3b   18 months ago   113MB
goharbor/notary-signer-photon                                       v2.7.1    f114329e0165   18 months ago   110MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl                                         v2.7.1    9b2219d529c8   18 months ago   140MB
goharbor/registry-photon                                            v2.7.1    9d50b10d3700   18 months ago   78.1MB
goharbor/nginx-photon                                               v2.7.1    e98018335c0d   18 months ago   126MB
goharbor/harbor-log                                                 v2.7.1    eeb93d98a358   18 months ago   133MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice                                          v2.7.1    829d13e6aae7   18 months ago   252MB
goharbor/harbor-core                                                v2.7.1    49d6c8a15d6c   18 months ago   215MB
goharbor/harbor-portal                                              v2.7.1    fe05b1b0bcfd   18 months ago   135MB
goharbor/harbor-db                                                  v2.7.1    b3f8d9d6c213   18 months ago   174MB
goharbor/prepare                                                    v2.7.1    d9e019294af2   18 months ago   164MB

运行脚本prepare准备镜像

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# ./prepare
prepare base dir is set to /root/harbor/harbor
WARNING:root:WARNING: HTTP protocol is insecure. Harbor will deprecate http protocol in the future. Please make sure to upgrade to https
Generated configuration file: /config/portal/nginx.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/log/logrotate.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/log/rsyslog_docker.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/nginx/nginx.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/core/env
Generated configuration file: /config/core/app.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/registry/config.yml
Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/env
Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/config.yml
Generated configuration file: /config/db/env
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/env
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml
Generated and saved secret to file: /data/secret/keys/secretkey
Successfully called func: create_root_cert
Generated configuration file: /compose_location/docker-compose.yml
Clean up the input dir

检查脚本命令

我们系统中docker compose的命令为 docker-compose，和脚本中相同

如果不同需要修改common.sh 和 install.sh中的 docker-compose

# 检查 common.sh
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# vim common.sh 
119         elif [[ $(docker-compose --version) =~ (([0-9]+)\.([    0-9]+)([\.0-9]*)) ]]

# 检查 install.sh
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# vim install.sh 
 26 DOCKER_COMPOSE=docker-compose

安装Harbor

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# ./install.sh

# 部分日志流记录
[Step 0]: checking if docker is installed ...

Note: docker version: 27.1.1

[Step 1]: checking docker-compose is installed ...

Note: Docker Compose version v2.29.1

[Step 2]: loading Harbor images ...
.....................
 it will be ignored, please remove it to avoid potential confusion
[+] Running 10/10
 ✔ Network harbor_harbor        Created                                           0.0s
 ✔ Container harbor-log         Started                                           0.3s
 ✔ Container harbor-portal      Started                                           0.4s
 ✔ Container harbor-db          Started                                           0.4s
 ✔ Container registryctl        Started                                           0.5s
 ✔ Container redis              Started                                           0.5s
 ✔ Container registry           Started                                           0.4s
 ✔ Container harbor-core        Started                                           0.6s
 ✔ Container nginx              Started                                           0.7s
 ✔ Container harbor-jobservice  Started                                           0.7s
✔ ----Harbor has been installed and started successfully.----

登录Harbor

在控制台配置安全组规则，放行 4000 端口

默认管理员账号 admin，密码为 harbor.yml 文件中的自定义密码

登录访问 ： http://主机地址：4000

测试

创建项目

访问级别设置为 公开，可以进行匿名拉取，存储容量默认 -1表示大小没有限制

推送镜像

进入项目后，在右上角推送命令中可查看操作语句，注意推送镜像之前需要身份认证

# 标记镜像
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# docker tag mysql:latest 123.249.27.118:4000/mycloud/mysql:latest

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# docker images | grep mysql
mysql                                                               5.7       87eca374c0ed   3 years ago     447MB
123.249.27.118:4000/mycloud/mysql                                   latest    8457e9155715   3 years ago     546MB
mysql                                                               latest    8457e9155715   3 years ago     546MB

# 登录仓库（身份验证）
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# docker login 123.249.27.118:4000
Username: admin
Password:
Error response from daemon: Get "https://123.249.27.118:4000/v2/": http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client

报错处理，修改客户端/etc/docker/daemon.json，增加 insecure-registries 内容

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
    "registry-mirrors": [ "https://2a6bf1988cb6428c877f723ec7530dbc.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com" ],
    "insecure-registries": [ "123.249.27.118:4000" ]
}

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# systemctl restart docker.service

[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# docker login 123.249.27.118:4000
Username: admin
Password: 
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded

# 推送镜像（可在web页面进行查看）
[root@flexusx-251f harbor]# docker push  123.249.27.118:4000/mycloud/mysql:latest

# 拉取镜像
docker pull  123.249.27.118:4000/mycloud/mysql:latest

搭建完成，此刻你就拥有了属于自己的私有镜像仓库

体验和感受

Harbor，作为开源的Docker镜像仓库管理项目，以其丰富的功能、灵活的扩展性和高度的安全性，成为了企业构建私有镜像仓库的首选。与Flexus X实例的强强联合，不仅实现了镜像的快速上传、下载与共享，还通过严格的权限管理和加密传输机制，确保了镜像数据的安全无虞。