1983 年至 2016 年北美森林地点的野外地块特征数据、衍生的地上和地下燃烧碳以及获取的火灾气象指数

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此星光明 发表于 2024/03/29 10:22:00 2024/03/29
【摘要】 ​ 文件修订日期:2022-05-04数据集版本: 1简介该数据集综合了 1983 年至 2016 年期间美国阿拉斯加、西北地区和加拿大萨斯喀彻温省被烧毁的北方森林地点的野外地块特征数据、衍生的地上和地下燃烧碳以及获取的火灾气象指数(FWI)系统组件。此外还包括未烧毁地块的数据。编译的地块级特征数据包括林分年龄、干扰历史、树木密度和树木生物物理测量值,用于计算地上(ag)和地下(bg)生物量...

 文件修订日期:2022-05-04

数据集版本: 1

简介

该数据集综合了 1983 年至 2016 年期间美国阿拉斯加、西北地区和加拿大萨斯喀彻温省被烧毁的北方森林地点的野外地块特征数据、衍生的地上和地下燃烧碳以及获取的火灾气象指数(FWI)系统组件。此外还包括未烧毁地块的数据。编译的地块级特征数据包括林分年龄、干扰历史、树木密度和树木生物物理测量值,用于计算地上(ag)和地下(bg)生物量/碳库、火灾前和火灾后残余土壤有机层(SOL)深度以及树木结构等级的燃烧估计值。此外,还提供了每个地点的测量坡度和坡向,以及根据地形分配的湿度等级。数据来自 1019 个燃烧过的地点和 152 个未燃烧过的地点。通过对燃烧的农业碳库和生物质碳库以及 SOL 损失的估算,计算出每个地块燃烧的总碳量、燃烧前碳量的比例以及燃烧后碳量占总碳量的比例。根据全球火灾气象数据库中的地块位置、燃烧年份和动态启动日期(燃烧日,DOB),从现有数据源获取每个地块的 FWI 系统组件,包括湿度和干旱代码以及火灾危险指数。土壤特性数据包含在一个单独的文件中。
野外研究横跨北美西部北方森林的六个生态区,捕捉了火灾前树木生产力、林龄和生态系统碳储存条件的广泛梯度。它还包括以 DOB 和 FWI 系统指数为代表的气象控制,以及火灾后残余土壤有机层深度的测量和燃烧深度的重建,以及上部和下部碳燃烧的重建。

该数据集包含两个逗号分隔(.csv)格式的数据文件。

野外地点、生态区和研究区域内每个生态区的烧毁总面积(百万公顷)随时间变化的情况。插图中的灰色虚线表示所有生态区烧毁面积的简单线性回归,红色阴影表示 95% 的置信区间。分析使用野外地点分组完成,这些地点位于 EPA 北美二级生态区所定义的六个生态区内。资料来源:Walker 等人,2020 年:Walker 等人,2020 年。 

数据特征

空间覆盖范围:  阿拉斯加和加拿大

上方参考位置:

          域:核心和扩展

          州/地区: 阿拉斯加和加拿大阿拉斯加和加拿大

          网格单元(ABoVE 域中有 108 个单元):

ABoVE grid cells

Ah1Av1Bh6Bv6Ch41Cv36 Ah1Av1Bh7Bv7Ch42Cv45 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch36Cv32
Ah1Av0Bh7Bv3Ch44Cv23 Ah1Av0Bh7Bv4Ch42Cv24 Ah1Av0Bh7Bv4Ch43Cv24
Ah1Av0Bh6Bv4Ch40Cv25 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv4Ch41Cv26 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv4Ch40Cv27
Ah1Av0Bh6Bv4Ch40Cv28 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv4Ch41Cv28 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv4Ch38Cv29
Ah1Av0Bh6Bv4Ch40Cv29 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv4Ch41Cv29 Ah1Av0Bh7Bv4Ch45Cv29
Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch39Cv30 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch40Cv30 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch41Cv30
Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch40Cv31 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch38Cv32 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch39Cv32
Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch40Cv32 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch41Cv32 Ah1Av0Bh7Bv5Ch42Cv32
Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch40Cv33 Ah1Av0Bh7Bv5Ch43Cv33 Ah1Av0Bh7Bv5Ch44Cv33
Ah1Av0Bh7Bv5Ch45Cv33 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch40Cv34 Ah1Av0Bh6Bv5Ch41Cv34
Ah1Av0Bh7Bv5Ch42Cv34 Ah1Av0Bh7Bv5Ch45Cv34 Ah1Av1Bh6Bv6Ch40Cv37
Ah1Av1Bh6Bv6Ch40Cv38 Ah1Av1Bh6Bv6Ch41Cv39 Ah1Av1Bh6Bv6Ch41Cv40
Ah1Av1Bh7Bv6Ch42Cv40 Ah1Av1Bh7Bv6Ch46Cv40 Ah1Av1Bh6Bv6Ch41Cv41
Ah1Av1Bh7Bv6Ch43Cv41 Ah1Av1Bh7Bv6Ch44Cv41 Ah1Av1Bh7Bv6Ch45Cv41
Ah1Av1Bh6Bv7Ch41Cv42 Ah1Av1Bh7Bv7Ch42Cv42 Ah1Av1Bh7Bv7Ch43Cv42
Ah1Av1Bh7Bv7Ch42Cv43 Ah1Av1Bh8Bv7Ch49Cv44 Ah1Av1Bh7Bv7Ch43Cv45
Ah1Av1Bh11Bv11Ch70Cv67 Ah1Av1Bh11Bv11Ch71Cv68 Ah2Av1Bh12Bv11Ch75Cv71
Ah2Av1Bh12Bv11Ch76Cv71 Ah2Av1Bh13Bv9Ch79Cv59 Ah2Av1Bh13Bv9Ch80Cv59
Ah2Av1Bh14Bv10Ch84Cv61 Ah2Av1Bh13Bv10Ch83Cv64 Ah2Av1Bh14Bv10Ch84Cv64
Ah2Av1Bh13Bv10Ch79Cv65 Ah2Av1Bh13Bv10Ch83Cv65 Ah2Av1Bh14Bv10Ch84Cv65
Ah2Av1Bh13Bv11Ch78Cv66 Ah2Av1Bh13Bv11Ch79Cv66 Ah2Av1Bh13Bv11Ch83Cv66
Ah2Av1Bh14Bv11Ch84Cv66 Ah2Av1Bh13Bv11Ch78Cv67 Ah2Av1Bh13Bv11Ch79Cv67
Ah2Av1Bh13Bv11Ch83Cv67 Ah2Av1Bh14Bv11Ch84Cv67 Ah2Av1Bh12Bv11Ch77Cv68
Ah2Av1Bh13Bv11Ch78Cv68 Ah2Av1Bh14Bv11Ch84Cv68 Ah2Av1Bh12Bv11Ch73Cv69
Ah2Av1Bh12Bv11Ch76Cv69 Ah2Av1Bh12Bv11Ch74Cv70 Ah2Av1Bh12Bv11Ch75Cv70
Ah2Av1Bh12Bv11Ch76Cv70 Ah2Av1Bh12Bv11Ch77Cv71 Ah2Av2Bh13Bv12Ch79Cv73
Ah2Av2Bh13Bv12Ch80Cv73 Ah2Av2Bh13Bv12Ch80Cv74 Ah2Av2Bh13Bv12Ch80Cv75
Ah2Av2Bh13Bv12Ch81Cv75 Ah2Av2Bh14Bv4Ch87Cv88 Ah2Av2Bh13Bv4Ch82Cv89
Ah2Av2Bh14Bv4Ch87Cv89 Ah2Av2Bh13Bv5Ch82Cv90 Ah2Av2Bh14Bv5Ch87Cv90
Ah2Av2Bh15Bv5Ch95Cv95 Ah2Av2Bh15Bv6Ch94Cv96 Ah2Av2Bh15Bv6Ch92Cv97
Ah2Av2Bh15Bv6Ch93Cv97 Ah2Av2Bh15Bv6Ch94Cv97 Ah2Av2Bh14Bv6Ch88Cv98
Ah2Av2Bh15Bv6Ch91Cv99 Ah2Av2Bh15Bv6Ch91Cv100 Ah2Av2Bh15Bv6Ch92Cv100
Ah2Av2Bh15Bv6Ch91Cv101 Ah2Av2Bh15Bv6Ch92Cv101 Ah2Av2Bh15Bv7Ch92Cv102
Ah2Av2Bh12Bv12Ch75Cv72 Ah2Av2Bh12Bv12Ch77Cv72 Ah2Av2Bh13Bv12Ch78Cv72
Ah3Av2Bh18Bv15Ch108Cv95 Ah3Av2Bh18Bv5Ch109Cv95 Ah3Av2Bh18Bv6Ch109Cv96
Ah3Av2Bh21Bv7Ch128Cv104 Ah3Av2Bh21Bv7Ch129Cv104 Ah3Av2Bh21Bv7Ch129Cv105

空间分辨率:多点

时间覆盖范围1983-01-01 至 2016-08-08

时间分辨率可变

研究区域(所有经纬度均以十进制度表示)

Site Westernmost Longitude Easternmost Longitude Northernmost Latitude Southernmost Latitude
Alaska and Canada -150.902 -88.61199 67.22972 53.19106

数据文件信息

该数据集有两个逗号分隔(.csv)格式的数据文件。

AK_CA_Burned_Plot_Data_1983_2016.csv.该文件汇编了 1983 年至 2016 年期间从阿拉斯加和加拿大烧毁和未烧毁地点的地块中收集的数据,以及从这些变量中得出的数据。

AK_CA_Soil_Profile_Synthesis.csv。该文件汇编了从烧毁和未烧毁地点的地块中收集的土壤数据。

表 2.AK_CA_Burned_Plot_Data_1983_2016.csv 中的变量。注:说明中的 * 表示由调查人员计算或分配的变量。FWI 系统的组成部分是根据每日天气条件计算得出的,包括三个燃料水分代码和三个火灾行为指数。

Variable Units Description
project_id Unique id associated with this project
project_name Project name
treatment Burned or control plot
site Site name/number
burn_name Name of fire site
burn_year YYYY Year of burn
ecoregion_name_l2 US EPA Ecoregion Level 2 (Ecoregions | US EPA)
latitude decimal degrees Latitude. GPS. Datum: WSG84 Position format: ddd.ddddd
longitude decimal degrees Longitude. GPS. Datum: WSG84 Position format: ddd.ddddd
accuracy_horizontal meters Horizontal accuracy
elevation meters GPS. Meters above sea level
accuracy_vertical meters vertical accuracy
slope degrees Slope in degrees
aspect degrees Slope aspect in compass degrees (0 to 360) - has not been corrected for declination
moisture unitless Ranking of plot moisture potential using the moisture key presented in the successional trajectories workbook (Johnstone). Values range from 1 to 6, where 1=xeric, 2=subxeric, 3=subxeric to mesic, 4=mesic, 5=submesic, 6=subhygric
stand_density stems/m2 Estimated density of pre-fire stems per m2 for the pre-fire stand. All trees and saplings that were alive at the time fires are included
stand_basal_area cm2/cm2 Total measured basal area (cm2) of pre-fire tree species expressed on a per m2 basis. Basal area was calculated from stem diameter at breast height (area of each tree=pie(dbh/2)2)
prop_black_spruce 0-1 Proportion of black spruce trees in a site (range 0-1)
stand_age year Age of stand at time of fire - based on tree ring counts
stand_origin Description of stand origin - e.g. fire, logging, unknown
ag_biomass_prefire g/m2 Pre-fire aboveground biomass
ag_c_prefire g C /m2 Pre-fire above ground carbon pool
ag_biomass_combusted g/m2 Above-ground biomass combusted
ag_c_combusted g C/m2 Above-ground carbon pool combusted
prefire_sol cm Depth of pre-fire SOL calculated as the sum of the residual SOL and the SOL burn depth
mean_residual_org_layer_depth cm Mean of residual organic layer depth
burn_depth cm Depth of burn
prop_sol_combusted 0-1 Proportion of the soil organic layer combusted (depth of burn/pre-fire SOL)
residual_sol_c g C/m2 Residual SOL C
bg_c_prefire g C/m2 Pre-fire belowground carbon pool (g C m2)
bg_c_combusted g C/m2 Below-ground carbon combusted (g C m2)
prop_sol_c_combusted 0-1 Proportion of the soil organic layer C combusted (bg_c_combusted/bg_c_prefire)
total_c_pool_prefire g c/m2 Total pre-fire carbon pool. Sum of above and below ground pre-fire C pools
prop_prefire_bg_c 0-1 Proportion of the total pre-fire C pool attributed to the below-ground component (bg_c_prefire/total_c_pool_prefire)
total_c_combusted g c/m2 Total carbon combusted. Sum of above and below-ground C combusted *
prop_total_bg_c_combusted 0-1 Proportion of the total C combusted attributed to the below-ground component (bg_c_combusted/total_c_combusted) *
prop_total_prefire_c_combusted 0-1 Proportion of the total pre-fire C pool combusted (total_c_combusted/total_c_pool_prefire) *
dob Day of Burn
precipitation mm Precipitation - obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
temperature degree C Temperature - obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
relative_humidity % Relative Humidity - obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
wind_speed m/s Wind speed obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
drought_code Drought Code (DC) - obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
drought_moisture_code Drought Moisture Code (DMC) - obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
fine_fuel_moisture_code Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC) - obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
initial_spread_index Initial Spread Index (ISI) - obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
buildup_index Build-up Index (BUI) - obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
fire_weather_index Fire Weather Index (FWI) - obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *
daily_severity_rank Daily Severity Ranking (DSR)- obtained from GFWED based on input variables from MERRA 2. MERRA 2 from Field et al. 2015 *

AK_CA_Soil_Profile_Synthesis.csv 文件中的变量。

Variable Units Description
site Study site
project_name Project name of acquired data
id ID
project_id Unique id associated with this project
plot Plot name
latitude Decimal degrees Latitude of site
longitude Decimal degrees Longitude of site
treatment Burned or control (plot)
profile Soil profiles
min_org Mineral (min) or organic (org) soil. Mineral soil characteristics were only obtained from Boby et al. 2010 and were not included in any additional analyses
horizon Soil horizon
raw_depth cm Depth in the profile (maximum depth in the profile)
adjusted_depth cm SOL profile depth measurements adjusted based on combusted (maximum depth in the profile)
sample_depth cm Sample depth
fine_coarse How the soil was divided into coarse or fine fractions (0=no divide, 1=2mm)
fine_bulk_density g/cm3 Fine soil bulk density
coarse_ bulk_density g/cm3 Coarse soil bulk density
total_ bulk_density g/cm3 Total bulk density
fine_carbon % Percent carbon content in fine soil
fine_nitrogen % Percent nitrogen content in fine soil
ph Soil pH
dry_matter g/m2 Grams of dry matter per m2= fine bulk density * sample depth *10 000
carbon g C/m2 Grams of carbon per m2 = g.dry.matter.m2 * fine_c

应用与推导

编制该数据集的目的是评估整个北美西北部寒带地区火灾碳排放的驱动因素。

质量评估

在所有研究中,计算基本遵循 Walker 等人 2018 年的方法。

数据采集、材料和方法

研究领域

研究人员从北美西部北方森林的 1,019 个烧毁地点和 152 个对照地点(即没有火灾历史记录)获取了数据,这些地点横跨六个不同的生态区,近几十年来,这些地区的烧毁面积有所增加(图 1)。研究地点位于阿拉斯加内陆北方地区、北方科迪勒拉山系、泰加平原、泰加盾林、软木盾林和北方平原等生态区域,这些生态区域在地质历史、土壤发育和母质以及年平均温度和降水量方面各不相同(Wang 等,2016 年)。  不同研究的地点选择和取样方法各不相同,但都提供了与火灾前树种组成、林龄、地形以及火灾前后地上和地下碳库相关的实地收集数据。

代码

!pip install leafmap
!pip install pandas
!pip install folium
!pip install matplotlib
!pip install mapclassify
 
import pandas as pd
import leafmap
 
url = "https://github.com/opengeos/NASA-Earth-Data/raw/main/nasa_earth_data.tsv"
df = pd.read_csv(url, sep="\t")
df
 
leafmap.nasa_data_login()
 
 
results, gdf = leafmap.nasa_data_search(
    short_name="ABoVE_Plot_Data_Burned_Sites_1744",
    cloud_hosted=True,
    bounding_box=(-150.9, 53.19, -88.61, 67.23),
    temporal=("2017-07-20", "2017-08-08"),
    count=-1,  # use -1 to return all datasets
    return_gdf=True,
)
 
 
gdf.explore()
 
#leafmap.nasa_data_download(results[:5], out_dir="data")

引用

Walker, X.J., J.L. Baltzer, L.L. Bourgeau-Chavez, N.J. Day, W.J. De groot, C. Dieleman, E.E. Hoy, J.F. Johnstone, E.S. Kane, M.A. Parisien, S. Potter, B.M. Rogers, M.R. Turetsky, S. Veraverbeke, E. Whitman, and M.C. Mack. 2020. ABoVE: Synthesis of Burned and Unburned Forest Site Data, AK and Canada, 1983-2016. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. ABoVE: Synthesis of Burned and Unburned Forest Site Data, AK and Canada, 1983-2016, https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1744

网址推荐

0代码在线构建地图应用

https://sso.mapmost.com/#/login?source_inviter=nClSZANO

机器学习

https://www.cbedai.net/xg 


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