Web Services 是不是过时了？ 创建 Web Services 服务实例
【摘要】 选择使用 Web Services 还是 Web API 取决于您的具体需求和技术栈，其实 运用都很广泛
之前上午视频面试一家公司需要开发Web Services 服务，这个也没有什么，但还需要用 VB.net 开发。这个是多古老的语言了，让我想起来了 10年 前 写 VBA 的时候，那就写了一个玩玩？
# 前言
网上百度了下：基础知识大家了解下 ：
选择使用 Web Services 还是 Web API 取决于您的具体需求和技术栈。这两者都是用于实现分布式系统和服务的技术，但它们有一些区别。
Web Services:
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol): Web Services 常基于 SOAP 协议，这是一种使用 XML 格式进行通信的协议。
协议和标准: Web Services 通常严格遵循一系列协议和标准，如 WSDL (Web Services Description Language) 用于描述服务，UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration) 用于服务的发现。
跨语言性: 由于使用了标准化的协议和格式，Web Services 可以在不同平台和语言之间进行通信。
Web API:
RESTful (Representational State Transfer): Web API 常基于 RESTful 架构，使用 JSON 或 XML 进行数据传输。
轻量级: 相对于 Web Services，Web API 更轻量级，通常使用 HTTP 协议进行通信，不像 Web Services 那样依赖较多的协议和标准。
更简单: Web API 更简单易用，通常适合构建基于 HTTP 的轻量级服务，特别是在移动应用和单页应用中。
# 一、准备工作
上午查了一些资料
需要安装 mysql 数据库 8.0
需要安装 Microsoft Visual Studio Professional 2022 + vb.net
需要安装 IIS 服务
需要安装 mysql-connector-net-8.3.0 库
自己的 系统是 windows 10
好了基本就些就是开发环境了
# 二、基本配置步骤
## 1.选择 web 服务 asmx 服务
## 2.引用 mysql package
需要先安装 mysql 驱动
然后选择 dll 应用
最后 本code 使用是网上的 classicmodels 数据库
可以去下载 classicmodels 数据库具体如下
[点击：classicmodels](https://download.csdn.net/download/tomxjc/88685970)
也可以去 下面我的博客资源下载
https://download.csdn.net/download/tomxjc/88685970
用的是 MySQL 8.0
## 3.web.config 文件加入数据库connectionString
主要就是加入 <connectionStrings>这段
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
有关如何配置 ASP.NET 应用程序的详细信息，请访问
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=169433
-->
<configuration>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="MySqlConnection"
connectionString="Server=localhost;Database=classicmodels;User Id=root;Password=123456;"
providerName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" />
</connectionStrings>
<system.web>
<compilation debug="true" strict="false" explicit="true" targetFramework="4.7.2" />
<httpRuntime targetFramework="4.7.2" />
</system.web>
<system.codedom>
<compilers>
<compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:1659;1699;1701" />
<compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\"Web\" /optionInfer+" />
</compilers>
</system.codedom>
</configuration>
在 vb 中调用的语法是
Public connectionString As String = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("MySqlConnection").ConnectionString
## 4.然后写一个 select 的方法
<WebMethod()>
Public Function QueryDatabase() As String
Dim result As String = ""
Try
Using connection As New MySqlConnection(connectionString)
connection.Open()
' Specify your MySQL query
Dim query As String = "SELECT * FROM Products where ='Classic Cars'"
' Execute the query
Using command As New MySqlCommand(query, connection)
Using reader As MySqlDataReader = command.ExecuteReader()
Dim xmlResult As New XmlDocument()
' Create the root element
Dim rootElement As XmlElement = xmlResult.CreateElement("Data")
xmlResult.AppendChild(rootElement)
While reader.Read()
' Create individual data elements
Dim dataElement As XmlElement = xmlResult.CreateElement("Item")
Dim idElement As XmlElement = xmlResult.CreateElement("productCode")
idElement.InnerText = reader("productCode").ToString()
dataElement.AppendChild(idElement)
Dim nameElement As XmlElement = xmlResult.CreateElement("productName")
nameElement.InnerText = reader("productName").ToString()
dataElement.AppendChild(nameElement)
Dim lineElement As XmlElement = xmlResult.CreateElement("productline")
lineElement.InnerText = reader("productline").ToString()
dataElement.AppendChild(lineElement)
Dim descElement As XmlElement = xmlResult.CreateElement("productDescription")
descElement.InnerText = reader("productDescription").ToString()
dataElement.AppendChild(descElement)
rootElement.AppendChild(dataElement)
End While
result = xmlResult.OuterXml
End Using
End Using
End Using
Catch ex As Exception
' Handle exceptions
result = $"<Error>{ex.Message}</Error>"
End Try
Return result
End Function验证数据
结果返回是这样，返回是 字符类型，不是应该自动识别的吗？看来是没有XML序列化
## 5.方法改造 XML序列化
<WebMethod()>
Public Function QueryDatabaseXmlSerializer() As XmlDocument
'这个表代码XML序列化 并返回 XmlDocument 类型
Dim xmlDoc As New XmlDocument()
Try
Using connection As New MySqlConnection(connectionString)
connection.Open()
' Specify your MySQL query
Dim query As String = "SELECT * FROM Products WHERE productline = 'Classic Cars'"
' Execute the query
Using command As New MySqlCommand(query, connection)
Using reader As MySqlDataReader = command.ExecuteReader()
Dim items As New List(Of Products)()
While reader.Read()
' Create instances of the Item class and populate them
Dim item As New Products() With {
.productCode = reader("productCode").ToString(),
.productName = reader("productName").ToString(),
.productline = reader("productline").ToString(),
.productDescription = reader("productDescription").ToString()
}
items.Add(item)
End While
' Serialize the list of items to XML
Dim serializer As New XmlSerializer(GetType(List(Of Products)))
Using writer As XmlWriter = xmlDoc.CreateNavigator().AppendChild()
serializer.Serialize(writer, items)
End Using
End Using
End Using
End Using
Return xmlDoc
Catch ex As Exception
' Handle exceptions
Dim errorDoc As New XmlDocument()
errorDoc.LoadXml($"<Error>{ex.Message}</Error>")
Return errorDoc
End Try
End Function在加入一个类
Public Class Products
Public Property productCode As String
Public Property productName As String
Public Property productDescription As String
Public Property productline As String
End Class
再验证一下
## 6.写一个带参数的
<WebMethod()>
Public Function QueryProductByCodeXmlSerializer(productCode As String) As XmlDocument
Dim xmlDoc As New XmlDocument()
Try
Using connection As New MySqlConnection(connectionString)
connection.Open()
' Specify your MySQL query with a parameter
Dim query As String = "SELECT * FROM Products WHERE productCode = @ProductCode"
' Execute the query
Using command As New MySqlCommand(query, connection)
' Add the parameter to the command
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@ProductCode", productCode)
Using reader As MySqlDataReader = command.ExecuteReader()
Dim items As New List(Of Products)()
While reader.Read()
' Create instances of the Products class and populate them
Dim item As New Products() With {
.productCode = reader("productCode").ToString(),
.productName = reader("productName").ToString(),
.productline = reader("productline").ToString(),
.productDescription = reader("productDescription").ToString()
}
items.Add(item)
End While
' Serialize the list of items to XML
Dim serializer As New XmlSerializer(GetType(List(Of Products)))
Using writer As XmlWriter = xmlDoc.CreateNavigator().AppendChild()
serializer.Serialize(writer, items)
End Using
End Using
End Using
End Using
Return xmlDoc
Catch ex As Exception
' Handle exceptions
Dim errorDoc As New XmlDocument()
errorDoc.LoadXml($"<Error>{ex.Message}</Error>")
Return errorDoc
End Try
End Function
验证数据
显示
## 7.写一个 Insert的方法
mysql 建表
CREATE TABLE `china_city` (
`citycode` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`citycode`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;
代码先写了 类
Public Class ChinaCity
Public Property CityCode As String
Public Property City As String
End Class
<WebMethod()>
Public Function InsertCity(cityCode As String, cityName As String) As XmlDocument
Dim errorDoc, successfulDoc As New XmlDocument()
Try
Using connection As New MySqlConnection(connectionString)
connection.Open()
' Specify your MySQL insert query
Dim query As String = "INSERT INTO china_city (citycode, city) VALUES (@CityCode, @CityName)"
' Execute the insert query
Using command As New MySqlCommand(query, connection)
' Add parameters to the command
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@CityCode", cityCode)
command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@CityName", cityName)
' Execute the insert query
Dim rowsAffected As Integer = command.ExecuteNonQuery()
' Check if the insertion was successful
If rowsAffected > 0 Then
successfulDoc.LoadXml($"<Result>Insertion successful</Result>")
Return successfulDoc
Else
errorDoc.LoadXml($"<Error>No rows inserted</Error>")
Return errorDoc
End If
End Using
End Using
Catch ex As Exception
' Handle exceptions
errorDoc.LoadXml($"<Error>{ex.Message}</Error>")
Return errorDoc
End Try
End Function
验证数据
## 8.最后疑问？Web Services 和Web API 那个运用的更广泛呢？
**chatGPT 给出了答案**
# 总结
好了，今天就介绍到这里。希望大家喜欢， **一键三连 ，福星高照**S
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