get请求和post请求

🍀HPPT的几种请求方式

在HTTP1.1中总共定义了8种方法：
在HTTP1.0中，定义了三种请求方法：GET,POST和HEAD方法。
在HTTP1.1中，新增了五种请求方法：OPTINOS,PUT,DELETE,TRACE和CONNECT方法。

🍀两者之间的区别和联系

🍀Get实战—获取图片

步骤如下：
首先使用import导入requests库
将想要获取的地址保存到URL变量中
使用get请求URL
最后使用with open将获取的图片保存到2.png

import requests
url = 'https://img.lashinbang.com/banner_6475b32c138d1.jpg'
response = requests.get(url)
with open('../images/2.png', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(response.content)

运行后

左侧的images文件夹可以看到保存的图片

🍀实现图片下载exe文件

经过实践了get请求获取图片，下面做一个小案例

实现步骤如下：
下载Pyinstaller库，用来打包py文件为exe文件

pip install Pyinstaller

在终端运行成功后如图所示

若已经下载则显示

接下来实现具体的步骤，这里用到了三个库分别是，tkinter、requests、time
tkinter是图形化界面的库
requests上一节有提到过是发送请求接受响应的库
time是时间库
话不多说上代码

import tkinter as tk
import requests
import time
# 创建主窗口
root = tk.Tk()
root.wm_title("请输入一个图片URL")
# 创建输入框
input_box = tk.Entry(root)
# 显示输入框
input_box.pack()
def on_button_click():
    input_text = input_box.get()
    _headers = {'User-Agent':
                    'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/114.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
                }
    response = requests.get(input_text,headers=_headers)
    number = int(time.time())
    if input_text.endswith('jpg'):
        print('此URL以jpg结尾')
        with open("D:/{0}.jpg".format(number), 'wb') as f:
            f.write(response.content)
    elif input_text.endswith('png'):
        print('此URL以png结尾')
        with open("D:/{0}.png".format(number), 'wb') as f:
            f.write(response.content)
    elif input_text.endswith('jpeg'):
        print('此URL以jpeg结尾')
        with open("D:/{0}.jpeg".format(number), 'wb') as f:
            f.write(response.content)
    elif input_text.endswith('bmp'):
        print('此URL以bmp结尾')
        with open("D:/{0}.bmp".format(number), 'wb') as f:
            f.write(response.content)
    else:
        print('暂未找到该格式')
# 创建按钮
button = tk.Button(root, text="提交", command=on_button_click)
# 显示按钮
button.pack()
# 进入消息循环
root.mainloop()

现如今代码较粗糙，经过后续的学习会不断改进！

最后一步就是打包成exe文件，这里我们找到py文件的所在目录，按住shift再右键进入Powershell

之后输入

pyinstaller -F -i 图标名称.ico 文件名称.py

运行成功后会在当前文件夹下生成如下文件，双击dist文件夹

会发现里面有一个exe文件，这就是我们想要的结果了

🍀Post实战—百度翻译

post实战我们通过百度翻译进行演示，首先要明确数据的所在

接下来我们将数据取出来即可，注意这里的头部需要添加Cookie

import requests

url = 'https://fanyi.baidu.com/v2transapi?from=zh&to=en'

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/111.0.0.0 Safari/537.36',
	'Cookie': 'BIDUPSID=A358192E5B1BE4BCE572B62DE0E229CB; PSTM=1672043772; BAIDUID=F121D7B022ADBC587D932E7FC90A8E68:FG=1; __yjs_duid=1_20c7c6132fcb0c13d38cd3ea979099c71672102504301; APPGUIDE_10_0_2=1; REALTIME_TRANS_SWITCH=1; FANYI_WORD_SWITCH=1; HISTORY_SWITCH=1; SOUND_SPD_SWITCH=1; SOUND_PREFER_SWITCH=1; BDUSS=loSEtaRjZBbkRTSkxjODRoWThCNlNHcklyajZ6bG1vRkhGeGI4Z1p4MkxwYVprRVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAADluy2CwvjNt7G-wvgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIsYf2SLGH9kWF; BDUSS_BFESS=loSEtaRjZBbkRTSkxjODRoWThCNlNHcklyajZ6bG1vRkhGeGI4Z1p4MkxwYVprRVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAADluy2CwvjNt7G-wvgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIsYf2SLGH9kWF; APPGUIDE_10_6_2=1; BDORZ=B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598; MCITY=-184%3A; H_PS_PSSID=36545_38882_38959_38956_38792_38843_38831_38915_38807_38839_38635_38848_26350; BDSFRCVID=FxDOJeC62ZAYIcbf9ihcjNK1U26H3ITTH6aouo2rOtPcNaxu0uzyEG0PXU8g0Kub-FL1ogKKQmOTHACF_2uxOjjg8UtVJeC6EG0Ptf8g0f5; H_BDCLCKID_SF=JnItoI_htK03q5rcbJQEbCCShGRmBbQ9WDTm_D_XLRjEMPoIetrsKPINyNQPXPbeK6-t-pPKKR7ZDlOo-xbGQtD4MbrP3tv33mkjbnrGfn02OP5E3J0BXt4syPRI2xRnWg6mKfA-b4ncjRcTehoM3xI8LNj405OTbIFO0KJDJCFKMDtwjTt5DTPQ-gTHK4JtbD62BnT8K6rjDnCrQR7UXUI8LNDHXfokWC7a0DTV2nO88lkl3jK-y5tP3bO7ttoybC8HQq72LnOFHtnGDbo02fL1Db3vL6vMtg3t3j6IBIjoepvo0tcc3MkFLPjdJJQOBKQB0KnGbUQkeq8CQft20b0EeMtjKjLEK5r2SC-XfIDM3f; BAIDUID_BFESS=F121D7B022ADBC587D932E7FC90A8E68:FG=1; BDSFRCVID_BFESS=FxDOJeC62ZAYIcbf9ihcjNK1U26H3ITTH6aouo2rOtPcNaxu0uzyEG0PXU8g0Kub-FL1ogKKQmOTHACF_2uxOjjg8UtVJeC6EG0Ptf8g0f5; H_BDCLCKID_SF_BFESS=JnItoI_htK03q5rcbJQEbCCShGRmBbQ9WDTm_D_XLRjEMPoIetrsKPINyNQPXPbeK6-t-pPKKR7ZDlOo-xbGQtD4MbrP3tv33mkjbnrGfn02OP5E3J0BXt4syPRI2xRnWg6mKfA-b4ncjRcTehoM3xI8LNj405OTbIFO0KJDJCFKMDtwjTt5DTPQ-gTHK4JtbD62BnT8K6rjDnCrQR7UXUI8LNDHXfokWC7a0DTV2nO88lkl3jK-y5tP3bO7ttoybC8HQq72LnOFHtnGDbo02fL1Db3vL6vMtg3t3j6IBIjoepvo0tcc3MkFLPjdJJQOBKQB0KnGbUQkeq8CQft20b0EeMtjKjLEK5r2SC-XfIDM3f; Hm_lvt_64ecd82404c51e03dc91cb9e8c025574=1686485417,1686558013,1687588455,1687864931; Hm_lpvt_64ecd82404c51e03dc91cb9e8c025574=1687865147; ab_sr=1.0.1_Mjk2ZTdjZDlmYWE2NjMzMGUxOGMzOTUxNWUxNDg2MTk0ZjI1ZTE2NjIzZjAyNWFlMmRhYzE4Njk0NDBiNGI3MDk4ZTFkOGYzOGIwNDQ5MTg0ZWJmNDk5ZDBmOTFiYjc1NTZlODFlY2M3ODBlYmY2NzFlMjFkYjgxY2UzYmQ2N2QyNDE3M2NlNjAzNzQzNzFlODljMGZlY2Q3MGY4MjEyMzVhYjZiYzFhMTRiYjEzMThkNmJmMzc0NzRkMDEzZTVl'
}
data = {
    'from': 'zh',
    'to': 'en',
    'query': '馒头',
    'transtype': 'translang',
    'simple_means_flag': '3',
    'sign': '477215.240430',
    'token': 'c73b1a26e831716055c6be09583041e1',
    'domain': 'common'
}
rest = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)
trans_dict = rest.json()
print(trans_dict['trans_result']['data'][0]['dst'])
print(trans_dict['trans_result']['baike'][0]['abstractPlain'])

运行结果如图