SpringCloud微服务实战——搭建企业级开发框架（七）：自定义通用响应消息及统一异常处理

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全栈程序猿 发表于 2023/07/11 17:51:03 2023/07/11
【摘要】   平时开发过程中，无可避免我们需要处理各类异常，所以这里我们在公共模块中自定义统一异常，Spring Boot 提供 @RestControllerAdvice 注解统一异常处理，我们在GitEgg_Platform中新建gitegg-platform-boot子工程，此工程主要用于Spring Boot相关功能的自定义及扩展。1、修改gitegg-platform-boot的pom.xm...

  平时开发过程中，无可避免我们需要处理各类异常，所以这里我们在公共模块中自定义统一异常，Spring Boot 提供 @RestControllerAdvice 注解统一异常处理，我们在GitEgg_Platform中新建gitegg-platform-boot子工程，此工程主要用于Spring Boot相关功能的自定义及扩展。
1、修改gitegg-platform-boot的pom.xml，添加spring-boot-starter-web和swagger依赖，设置optional为true，让这个包在项目之间依赖不传递。

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.gitegg.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>gitegg-platform-swagger</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

2、自定义通用响应消息类，Result和PageResult，一个是普通响应消息，一个是分页响应消息。
Result类：

package com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.base;

import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.enums.ResultCodeEnum;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.*;

/**
 * @ClassName: Result
 * @Description: 自定义通用响应类
 * @author GitEgg
 * @date 2020年09月19日 下午9:24:50
 */
@ApiModel(description = "通用响应类")
@Getter
@ToString
public class Result<T> {

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "是否成功", required = true)
    private boolean success;
    
    @ApiModelProperty(value ="响应代码", required = true)
    private int code;

    @ApiModelProperty(value ="提示信息", required = true)
    private String msg;

    @ApiModelProperty(value ="响应数据")
    private T data;
    
    /**
     * 
     * @param code
     * @param data
     * @param msg
     */
    private Result(int code, T data, String msg) {
        this.success = ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS.code == code;
        this.code = code;
        this.msg = msg;
        this.data = data;
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param resultCodeEnum
     */
    private Result(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum ) {
        this(resultCodeEnum.code, null, resultCodeEnum.msg);
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param resultCodeEnum
     * @param msg
     */
    private Result(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum , String msg) {
        this(resultCodeEnum, null, msg);
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param resultCodeEnum
     * @param data
     */
    private Result(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum , T data) {
        this(resultCodeEnum, data, resultCodeEnum.msg);
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param resultCodeEnum
     * @param data
     * @param msg
     */
    private Result(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum , T data, String msg) {
        this(resultCodeEnum.code, data, msg);
    }

    /**
     * 
     *
     * @param data 数据
     * @param <T>  T 响应数据
     * @
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> data(T data) {
        return data(data, ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS.msg);
    }

    /**
     * 
     *
     * @param data 数据
     * @param msg  消息
     * @param <T>  T 响应数据
     * @
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> data(T data, String msg) {
        return data(ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS.code, data, msg);
    }

    /**
     * 
     *
     * @param code 状态码
     * @param data 数据
     * @param msg  消息
     * @param <T>  T 响应数据
     * @
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> data(int code, T data, String msg) {
        return new Result<>(code, data, msg);
    }

    /**
     * 返回Result
     *
     * @param 
     * @param <T>  T 响应数据
     * @返回Result
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> success() {
        return new Result<>(ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS);
    }
    
    /**
     * 返回Result
     *
     * @param msg 消息
     * @param <T> T 响应数据
     * @返回Result
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> success(String msg) {
        return new Result<>(ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS, msg);
    }

    /**
     * 返回Result
     *
     * @param 
     * @param <T>  T 响应数据
     * @返回Result
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> success(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum ) {
        return new Result<>(resultCodeEnum);
    }

    /**
     * 返回Result
     *
     * @param 
     * @param msg   提示信息
     * @param <T>  T 响应数据
     * @返回Result
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> success(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum , String msg) {
        return new Result<>(resultCodeEnum, msg);
    }
    
    /**
     * 返回Result
     *
     * @param <T> T 响应数据
     * @返回Result
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> error() {
        return new Result<>(ResultCodeEnum.ERROR, ResultCodeEnum.ERROR.msg);
    }

    /**
     * 返回Result
     *
     * @param msg 消息
     * @param <T> T 响应数据
     * @返回Result
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> error(String msg) {
        return new Result<>(ResultCodeEnum.ERROR, msg);
    }


    /**
     * 返回Result
     *
     * @param code 状态码
     * @param msg  消息
     * @param <T>  T 响应数据
     * @返回Result
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> error(int code, String msg) {
        return new Result<>(code, null, msg);
    }

    /**
     * 返回Result
     *
     * @param 
     * @param <T>  T 响应数据
     * @返回Result
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> error(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum ) {
        return new Result<>(resultCodeEnum);
    }

    /**
     * 返回Result
     *
     * @param 
     * @param msg   提示信息
     * @param <T>  T 响应数据
     * @返回Result
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> error(ResultCodeEnum resultCodeEnum , String msg) {
        return new Result<>(resultCodeEnum, msg);
    }
    
    /**
     * 
     * @param <T>
     * @param flag
     * @return
     */
    public static <T> Result<T> result(boolean flag) {
        return flag ? Result.success("操作成功") : Result.error("操作失败");
    }

}

PageResult类：

package com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.base;

import java.util.List;

import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.enums.ResultCodeEnum;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @ClassName: PageResult
 * @Description: 通用分页返回
 * @author GitEgg
 * @date
 * @param <T>
 */
@Data
@ApiModel("通用分页响应类")
public class PageResult<T> {

    @ApiModelProperty(value = "是否成功", required = true)
    private boolean success;

    @ApiModelProperty(value ="响应代码", required = true)
    private int code;

    @ApiModelProperty(value ="提示信息", required = true)
    private String msg;

    @ApiModelProperty(value ="总数量", required = true)
    private long count;

    @ApiModelProperty(value ="分页数据")
    private List<T> data;

    public PageResult(long total, List<T> rows) {
        this.count = total;
        this.data = rows;
        this.code = ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS.code;
        this.msg = ResultCodeEnum.SUCCESS.msg;
    }
}

3、自定义通用响应消息枚举类ResultCodeEnum。

package com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.enums;


/**
 * @ClassName: ResultCodeEnum
 * @Description: 自定义返回码枚举
 * @author GitEgg
 * @date 2020年09月19日 下午11:49:45
 */
public enum ResultCodeEnum {

    /**
     * 成功
     */
    SUCCESS(200, "操作成功"),

    /**
     * 系统错误
     */
    ERROR(500, "系统错误"),

    /**
     * 操作失败
     */
    FAILED(101, "操作失败"),

    /**
     * 未登录/登录超时
     */
    UNAUTHORIZED(102, "登录超时"),

    /**
     * 参数错误
     */
    PARAM_ERROR(103, "参数错误"),

    /**
     * 参数错误-已存在
     */
    INVALID_PARAM_EXIST(104, "请求参数已存在"),

    /**
     * 参数错误
     */
    INVALID_PARAM_EMPTY(105, "请求参数为空"),

    /**
     * 参数错误
     */
    PARAM_TYPE_MISMATCH(106, "参数类型不匹配"),

    /**
     * 参数错误
     */
    PARAM_VALID_ERROR(107, "参数校验失败"),

    /**
     * 参数错误
     */
    ILLEGAL_REQUEST(108, "非法请求"),

    /**
     * 验证码错误
     */
    INVALID_VCODE(204, "验证码错误"),

    /**
     * 用户名或密码错误
     */
    INVALID_USERNAME_PASSWORD(205, "账号或密码错误"),

    /**
     *
     */
    INVALID_RE_PASSWORD(206, "两次输入密码不一致"),

    /**
     * 用户名或密码错误
     */
    INVALID_OLD_PASSWORD(207, "旧密码错误"),

    /**
     * 用户名重复
     */
    USERNAME_ALREADY_IN(208, "用户名已存在"),

    /**
     * 用户不存在
     */
    INVALID_USERNAME(209, "用户名不存在"),

    /**
     * 角色不存在
     */
    INVALID_ROLE(210, "角色不存在"),

    /**
     * 角色不存在
     */
    ROLE_USED(211, "角色使用中，不可删除"),

    /**
     * 没有权限
     */
    NO_PERMISSION(403, "当前用户无该接口权限");

    public int code;

    public String msg;

    ResultCodeEnum(int code, String msg) {
        this.code = code;
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public int getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(int code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }
}

4、自定义异常类BusinessException和SystemException

package com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.exception;

import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.enums.ResultCodeEnum;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

/**
 * @ClassName: BusinessException
 * @Description: 业务处理异常
 * @author GitEgg
 * @date
 */
@Getter
@Setter
public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException {

    private int code;

    private String msg;

    public BusinessException() {
        this.code = ResultCodeEnum.FAILED.code;
        this.msg = ResultCodeEnum.FAILED.msg;
    }

    public BusinessException(String message) {
        this.code = ResultCodeEnum.FAILED.code;
        this.msg = message;
    }

    public BusinessException(int code, String msg) {
        this.code = code;
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public BusinessException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
    }

    public BusinessException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
    }

}

package com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.exception;

import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.enums.ResultCodeEnum;
import lombok.Getter;

/**
 * @ClassName: SystemException
 * @Description: 系统处理异常
 * @author GitEgg
 * @date
 */
@Getter
public class SystemException extends RuntimeException {

    private int code;

    private String msg;

    public SystemException() {
        this.code = ResultCodeEnum.ERROR.code;
        this.msg = ResultCodeEnum.ERROR.msg;
    }

    public SystemException(String message) {
        this.code = ResultCodeEnum.ERROR.code;
        this.msg = message;
    }

    public SystemException(int code, String msg) {
        this.code = code;
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public SystemException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
    }

    public SystemException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
    }

}

5、自定义统一异常处理类GitEggControllerAdvice.java

package com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.advice;

import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.base.Result;
import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.enums.ResultCodeEnum;
import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.exception.BusinessException;
import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.exception.SystemException;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException;
import org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingPathVariableException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.method.annotation.MethodArgumentTypeMismatchException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.NoHandlerFoundException;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException;

@Slf4j
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GitEggControllerAdvice {

    /**
     * 服务名
     */
    @Value("${spring.application.name}")
    private String serverName;

    /**
     * 微服务系统标识
     */
    private String errorSystem;

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        this.errorSystem = new StringBuffer()
                .append(this.serverName)
                .append(": ").toString();
    }

    /**
     * 应用到所有@RequestMapping注解方法，在其执行之前初始化数据绑定器
     */
    @InitBinder
    public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {

    }

    /**
     * 把值绑定到Model中，使全局@RequestMapping可以获取到该值
     */
    @ModelAttribute
    public void addAttributes(Model model) {

    }

    /**
     * 全局异常捕捉处理
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {Exception.class})
    public Result handlerException(Exception exception, HttpServletRequest request) {
        log.error("请求路径uri={},系统内部出现异常:{}", request.getRequestURI(), exception);
        Result result = Result.error(ResultCodeEnum.ERROR, errorSystem + exception.toString());
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 非法请求异常
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {
            HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException.class,
            HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException.class,
            HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class,
            MissingServletRequestParameterException.class,
            NoHandlerFoundException.class,
            MissingPathVariableException.class,
            HttpMessageNotReadableException.class
    })
    public Result handlerSpringAOPException(Exception exception) {
        Result result = Result.error(ResultCodeEnum.ILLEGAL_REQUEST, errorSystem + exception.getMessage());
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 非法请求异常-参数类型不匹配
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = MethodArgumentTypeMismatchException.class)
    public Result handlerSpringAOPException(MethodArgumentTypeMismatchException exception) {
        Result result = Result.error(ResultCodeEnum.PARAM_TYPE_MISMATCH, errorSystem + exception.getMessage());
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 非法请求-参数校验
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {MethodArgumentNotValidException.class})
    public Result handlerMethodArgumentNotValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException methodArgumentNotValidException) {
        //获取异常字段及对应的异常信息
        StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
        methodArgumentNotValidException.getBindingResult().getFieldErrors().stream()
                .map(t -> t.getField()+"=>"+t.getDefaultMessage()+" ")
                .forEach(e -> stringBuffer.append(e));
        String errorMessage = stringBuffer.toString();
        Result result = Result.error(ResultCodeEnum.PARAM_VALID_ERROR, errorSystem + errorMessage);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 非法请求异常-参数校验
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {ConstraintViolationException.class})
    public Result handlerConstraintViolationException(ConstraintViolationException constraintViolationException) {
        String errorMessage = constraintViolationException.getLocalizedMessage();
        Result result = Result.error(ResultCodeEnum.PARAM_VALID_ERROR, errorSystem + errorMessage);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 自定义业务异常-BusinessException
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {BusinessException.class})
    public Result handlerCustomException(BusinessException exception) {
        String errorMessage = exception.getMsg();
        Result result = Result.error(exception.getCode(), errorSystem + errorMessage);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 自定义系统异常-SystemException
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {SystemException.class})
    public Result handlerCustomException(SystemException exception) {
        String errorMessage = exception.getMsg();
        Result result = Result.error(exception.getCode(), errorSystem + errorMessage);
        return result;
    }

}

6、重新将GitEgg-Platform进行install，在GitEgg-Cloud中的gitegg-service引入gitegg-platform-boot

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>GitEgg-Cloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.gitegg.cloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>gitegg-service</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <modules>
        <module>gitegg-service-base</module>
        <module>gitegg-service-bigdata</module>
        <module>gitegg-service-system</module>
    </modules>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- gitegg Spring Boot自定义及扩展 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.gitegg.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>gitegg-platform-boot</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- gitegg数据库驱动及连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.gitegg.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>gitegg-platform-db</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- gitegg mybatis-plus -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.gitegg.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>gitegg-platform-mybatis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- gitegg swagger2-knife4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.gitegg.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>gitegg-platform-swagger</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring boot web核心包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring boot 健康监控 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

7、修改SystemController.java、ISystemService.java和SystemServiceImpl.java增加异常处理的测试代码

SystemController.java:

package com.gitegg.service.system.controller;

import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.base.Result;
import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.exception.BusinessException;
import com.gitegg.service.system.service.ISystemService;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "system")
@AllArgsConstructor
@Api(tags = "gitegg-system")
public class SystemController {

    private final ISystemService systemService;

    @GetMapping(value = "list")
    @ApiOperation(value = "system list接口")
    public Object list() {
        return systemService.list();
    }


    @GetMapping(value = "page")
    @ApiOperation(value = "system page接口")
    public Object page() {
        return systemService.page();
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "exception")
    @ApiOperation(value = "自定义异常及返回测试接口")
    public Result<String> exception() {
        return Result.data(systemService.exception());
    }
}

ISystemService.java:

package com.gitegg.service.system.service;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.pagination.Page;
import com.gitegg.service.system.entity.SystemTable;

import java.util.List;

public interface ISystemService {

    List<SystemTable> list();

    Page<SystemTable> page();

    String exception();
}

SystemServiceImpl.java:

package com.gitegg.service.system.service.impl;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.pagination.Page;
import com.gitegg.platform.boot.common.exception.BusinessException;
import com.gitegg.service.system.entity.SystemTable;
import com.gitegg.service.system.mapper.SystemTableMapper;
import com.gitegg.service.system.service.ISystemService;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 *
 */
@Service
@AllArgsConstructor
public class SystemServiceImpl implements ISystemService {

    private final SystemTableMapper systemTableMapper;

    @Override
    public List<SystemTable> list() {
        return systemTableMapper.list();
    }

    @Override
    public Page<SystemTable> page() {
        Page<SystemTable> page = new Page<>(1, 10);
        List<SystemTable> records = systemTableMapper.page(page);
        page.setRecords(records);
        return page;
    }

    @Override
    public String exception() {
        throw new BusinessException("自定义异常");
//        return "成功获得数据";
    }
}

8、运行GitEggSystemApplication，打开浏览器访问：http://127.0.0.1:8001/doc.html，然后点击左侧的异常处理接口，使用Swagger2进行测试，即可看到结果

image.png

本文源码在 https://gitee.com/wmz1930/GitEgg 的chapter-07分支。

GitEgg-Cloud是一款基于SpringCloud整合搭建的企业级微服务应用开发框架，开源项目地址:

Gitee: https://gitee.com/wmz1930/GitEgg

GitHub: https://github.com/wmz1930/GitEgg

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