序

HELLO, 这里是百里一个学习中的ABAPER,这里记录工作学习中遇到的bug,知识内容等内容.今天讲的是在工作中经常会使用的数据下钻,通过跳出小界面的方式展示关联数据.今天结合工作经验这里做下技术总结.

下钻简介

在ALV报表展示中.会出现关键字段下钻,展示某个界面或者系统自带界面.此时需要给增加 user_command 事件.
下钻内容包括,展示具体某个界面,系统界面,与关键字对应的ALV界面.

技术介绍

下钻弹窗数据展示的关键技术为调用函数cl_salv_table=>factory 展示一个新的ALV容器数据. 首先先跟本身第一层开发ALV方式一样, 定义默认基础数据集,权限检查,定义ALV layout ,fieldcat 等相关属性内容. 同时设定对应的staus 及usercommd 方便操作用户事件.设定第一层ALV展示数据的基础上,设定hot字段,在按照关键字段关联对应下一级ALV展示数据.

TRY.
cl_salv_table=>factory(
IMPORTING r_salv_table = go_alv "导出ALV的容器对象
CHANGING t_table = lt_item[] ). "内容表 
CATCH cx_root INTO cxroot. 
excmsg = cxroot->get_text( ). 
MESSAGE e000(oo) WITH excmsg. 
ENDTRY.
go_funlst = go_alv->get_functions( ). 
go_funlst->set_all( 'X' ).

实例展示

此例子第一层为VBAK 表 VBELN 字段,第二层内容为对应VBELN 单号对应的 料号数据及料号长描述例子.

创建数据集

设定ALV 定义相关结构,工作区内表.同时定义必要字段如ALV展示相关变量.usercomed 变量.格式及样式变量字段.

TYPE-POOLS: slis.  
TYPE-POOLS: kcde.  
  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
*&      TABLES  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
TABLES: vbap,vbak.  
  
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*  
* GLOBAL INTERNAL TABLES DECLARATION  
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*  
DATA: gt_file TYPE filetable.  
  
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*  
* GLOBAL VARIANTS DECLARATION  
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*  
DATA: g_repid TYPE sy-repid.  
DATA: gt_field TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv.  
*定义读入EXCEL的内表  
  
TYPES : BEGIN OF typ_alv ,  
          vbeln TYPE vbak-vbeln,  
          erdat TYPE vbak-erdat, "创建日期  
          vkorg TYPE vbak-vkorg, "销售组织  
          vkbur TYPE vbak-vkbur, "销售办事处  
          ernam TYPE vbak-ernam, "创建人  
          sel   TYPE c , "    复选框  
        END OF typ_alv .  
DATA : gs_alv   TYPE typ_alv,  
       gt_print TYPE TABLE OF typ_alv,  
       gt_alv   TYPE TABLE OF typ_alv.  
* ALV 用  
DATA:  
  gs_layout   TYPE lvc_s_layo,  
  gv_repid    TYPE repid,  
  gt_fieldcat TYPE lvc_t_fcat,  
  ls_fieldcat TYPE lvc_s_fcat.  
DATA: g_grid TYPE REF TO cl_gui_alv_grid.  
*创建字段宏定义  
DEFINE add_field.  
  ls_fieldcat-fieldname = '&1' .  "字段名称  
  ls_fieldcat-ref_table = &2. "关联表格  
  ls_fieldcat-ref_field = &3."参考字段  
  ls_fieldcat-coltext = &4. "描述文本  
  APPEND ls_fieldcat TO gt_fieldcat.  
  CLEAR ls_fieldcat.  
END-OF-DEFINITION.

设定选择屏幕

筛选关键字段,where 条件.

*--------选择条件  
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK bl01 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001.  
  
  SELECT-OPTIONS:  
                    s_vkorg  FOR     vbak-vkorg OBLIGATORY,"销售组织  
                    s_vkbur  FOR     vbak-vkbur ,"销售办公室  
                    s_ernam  FOR     vbak-ernam."创建人  
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK bl01.

获取数据内容

INITIALIZATION .  
  
AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT .  
  
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*  
* EVENT OCCURS AFTER THE SELECTION SCREEN HAS BEEN PROCESSED  
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*  
START-OF-SELECTION.  
  
  PERFORM frm_auth_check.  "权限检查  
  PERFORM frm_getdata .    "获取数据  --GETTING DATA  
  PERFORM frm_display_data.  "展示ALV  
  
END-OF-SELECTION.  
*&------------------


FORM frm_getdata .  
  
  SELECT vbak~vbeln,  
         vbak~erdat,"创建日期  
         vbak~vkorg,"销售组织  
         vbak~vkbur, "销售办事处  
         vbak~ernam  
    FROM vbak  
   WHERE vbak~vkorg IN @s_vkorg  
    AND  vbak~vkbur IN @s_vkbur  
    AND  vbak~ernam IN @s_ernam  
    INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @gt_alv.  
  
ENDFORM.

ALV展示内容

FORM frm_display_data .  
  DATA : lv_html_header TYPE slis_formname  .  
*定义输出模式  
  CLEAR:gs_layout,gt_fieldcat.  
  gs_layout-cwidth_opt         = 'X'.  
  gs_layout-zebra              = 'X'.  
  gs_layout-box_fname              = 'SEL'.  
  gv_repid = sy-repid.  
  PERFORM frm_set_fieldcat.  
  .  
*  TRY .  
  CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY_LVC'  
    EXPORTING  
      i_callback_program       = gv_repid  
      i_callback_user_command  = 'FRM_USER_COMMAND'  
      i_callback_pf_status_set = 'FRM_PF_STATUS'  
      is_layout_lvc            = gs_layout  
      it_fieldcat_lvc          = gt_fieldcat  
      i_save                   = 'A'  
    TABLES  
      t_outtab                 = gt_alv  
    EXCEPTIONS  
      program_error            = 1  
      OTHERS                   = 2.  
  
  IF sy-subrc <> 0.  
    MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno  
    WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.  
  ENDIF.  
ENDFORM.
FORM frm_set_fieldcat .  
  add_field:  
          vbeln   'VBAK'   'VBELN' '销售订单',  
          erdat   'VBAK'   'ERDAT' '创建日期',  
          vkorg   'VBAK'   'VKORG' '销售组织',  
          vkbur   'VBAK'   'VKBUR' '销售办事处',  
          ernam   'VBAK'   'ERNAM' '创建人'.  
ENDFORM.  
  
FORM frm_pf_status USING extab TYPE slis_t_extab.  
  DATA: fcode TYPE TABLE OF sy-ucomm.  
  CLEAR:fcode[].  
  
  SET PF-STATUS 'STANDARD' EXCLUDING fcode[] .  
ENDFORM.  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
*&      FORM  FRM_USER_COMMAND  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
*       自定义用户动作  
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*  
*  -->  P1        TEXT  
*  <--  P2        TEXT  
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*  
  
*自定义用户动作  
FORM frm_user_command USING p_ucomm TYPE sy-ucomm rs_selfield TYPE slis_selfield.  
  DATA : l_ucomm TYPE sy-ucomm  .  
  IF g_grid IS INITIAL.  
    CALL FUNCTION 'GET_GLOBALS_FROM_SLVC_FULLSCR'  
      IMPORTING  
        e_grid = g_grid.  
  ENDIF.  
  "失去焦点触发更新内表  
  CALL METHOD g_grid->register_edit_event  
    EXPORTING  
      i_event_id = cl_gui_alv_grid=>mc_evt_modified.  
  
  CALL METHOD g_grid->check_changed_data.  
  rs_selfield-refresh     = 'X'.  
  rs_selfield-col_stable  = 'X'.  
  rs_selfield-row_stable  = 'X'.  
  l_ucomm = p_ucomm .  
  CLEAR p_ucomm .  
  DATA : l_uname TYPE sy-uname,  
         l_datum TYPE sy-datum,  
         l_uzeit TYPE sy-uzeit.  
  
  CASE l_ucomm.  
  
  
    WHEN '&IC1'. "双击  
      READ TABLE gt_alv INDEX rs_selfield-tabindex INTO DATA(wa_sel_temp).  "双击行  
      IF sy-subrc = 0 .  
*        SET PARAMETER ID 'VL' FIELD WA_SEL_TEMP-VBELN .  
*        CALL TRANSACTION 'VL03N' AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN ."SKIP FIRST SCREEN 忽略SELECTION SCREEN  
        PERFORM displat_item USING wa_sel_temp-vbeln.  
      ENDIF.  
      CLEAR:wa_sel_temp.  
    WHEN OTHERS.  
  ENDCASE.  
ENDFORM.  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
*& FORM DISPLAT_ITEM  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
*& TEXT  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
*& -->  P1        TEXT  
*& <--  P2        TEXT  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*  
FORM displat_item  USING p_vbeln.  
  DATA: go_alv    TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table,  
        go_funlst TYPE REF TO cl_salv_functions_list.  
  DATA: cxroot TYPE REF TO cx_root,  
        excmsg TYPE c.  
  CLEAR:go_alv,go_funlst.  
  
  SELECT vbap~vbeln,  
         vbap~posnr,  
         vbap~matnr,  
         vbap~ZMENG,  
         makt~maktx  
    FROM vbap  
    LEFT JOIN makt ON makt~matnr EQ vbap~matnr AND makt~spras = '1'  
   WHERE vbeln = @p_vbeln  
    INTO TABLE @DATA(lt_item).  
  IF sy-subrc = 0.  
    TRY.  
        cl_salv_table=>factory(  
        IMPORTING  
        r_salv_table = go_alv   "导出ALV的容器对象  
        CHANGING  
        t_table = lt_item[] ).  "内容表  
      CATCH cx_root INTO cxroot.  
        excmsg = cxroot->get_text( ).  
        MESSAGE e000(oo) WITH excmsg.  
    ENDTRY.  
  
    go_funlst = go_alv->get_functions( ).  
    go_funlst->set_all( 'X' ).  
  
    "重新设置列名称  
    go_alv->get_columns( )->get_column( 'MAKTX' )->set_long_text( 'TES删除' )."  
  
  
    IF go_alv IS BOUND."设置窗口大小与位置-  
      go_alv->set_screen_popup(  
      start_column = 30  
      end_column = 160  
      start_line = 5  
      end_line = 20 ).  
      go_alv->display( ).  
    ENDIF.  
  
  ENDIF.  
ENDFORM.

结果展示

如图展示内容结果,一级对应的字段为,VBAK 表中的 销售订单,创建日期,销售组织,销售办事处,创建人等字段,
通过usercomed ,双击数据VBELN下钻到下一层ALV数据.
下层ALV数据展示内容为 销售订单凭证,行号,料号,目标数量,同时可以使用
go_alv->get_columns( )->get_column( 'MAKTX' )->set_long_text( 'TES删除' )."
给对应的字段附加更换列名.

技术总结

ALV数据下钻是在工作中经常使用的必要内容.能够熟练使用ALV下钻并按照关键字展示下级相关ALV数据是一个ABAPER 必会内容. 此文详细讲解了必要技术.希望能够帮助大家 .

贵有恒何必三更起五更睡，最无益只怕一日曝十日寒。 这里是百里,一个年近30的中年程序员.希望能够帮到您.