EasyExcel知识【Java程序进行读写生成Excel操作】
目录
1,Easy Excel入门
1.1:Easy Excel概述
EasyExcel是一个基于Java的简单、省内存的读写Excel的开源项目。在尽可能节约内存的情况下支持读写百M的Excel工具。
官网:EasyExcel官方文档 - 基于Java的Excel处理工具 | Easy Excel
github地址:GitHub - alibaba/easyexcel: 快速、简洁、解决大文件内存溢出的java处理Excel工具
1.2:Easy Excel特点
Java解析、生成Excel比较有名的框架有Apache poi、jxl,但他们都存在一个严重的问题就是非常的耗内存。
EasyExcel 重写了poi,使一个3M的excel只需要几M内存,并且再大的excel不会出现内存溢出。
64M内存1分钟内读取75M(46W行25列)的Excel。
1.3:环境搭建
1.3.1:测试父项目
项目名:zx-test-parent
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修改pom文件
<dependencies> <!--测试--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
1.3.2:测试excel项目
项目名:zx-test-excel
修改pom,添加依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId> <version>3.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
1.4:基本操作
1.4.1:测试JavaBean
常用的注解:
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@Data
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@AllArgsConstructor
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@NoArgsConstructor
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@ColumnWidth(30)
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@HeadRowHeight(30)
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public class Student1 {
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@ExcelProperty("编号")
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private String id;
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@ExcelProperty("姓名")
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@ContentFontStyle(fontName = "楷体",italic = BooleanEnum.TRUE,color = Font.ITALIC)
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private String name;
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@ExcelProperty({"基本信息","年龄"})
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private Integer age;
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@ExcelProperty({"基本信息","电话"})
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private String phone;
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@ExcelProperty({"可选信息","邮件"})
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private String Email;
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@ExcelProperty({"可选信息","生日"})
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@DateTimeFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm")
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private Date birthday;
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}
1.4.2:测试文件路径
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public String path(){
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return this.getClass().getResource("/").getPath();
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}
1.4.3:写入操作
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excel 属于 office组件一个软件
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存在若干版本,大体上划分2种情况,2007前的,2007年后的
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2003版:扩展名 xls,内容比较少,最大单元格
IV65536
,256列(IV) -
2007版:扩展名 xlsx,内容较多,最大单元格
XFD1048576
,16384列(XFD)
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// 模拟数据
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public List<Student1> getDate(){
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//模拟十条数据
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ArrayList<Student1> student1s = new ArrayList<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
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Student1 student1 = new Student1(i+"","土豆"+i,i,"115"+i,"626"+i,new Date());
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student1s.add(student1);
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}
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return student1s;
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}
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//创建测试写程序
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@Test
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public void testWrite(){
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//写入位置:%classpath%/
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//文件名称:student-demo.xls
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//表名:土豆
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//1,文件位置
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String file = path()+"student_demo1.xls";
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//2 写操作
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EasyExcel.write(file, Student1.class).sheet("土豆").doWrite(getDate());
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}
1.4.4:读出操作
处理类:
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处理类需要实现
AnalysisEventListener
接口
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package com.czxy.read;
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import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext;
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import com.alibaba.excel.event.AnalysisEventListener;
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import com.czxy.excel.Student1;
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public class StudentDataListener1 extends AnalysisEventListener<Student1> {
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@Override
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public void invoke(Student1 student1, AnalysisContext analysisContext) {
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System.out.println(student1);
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}
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@Override
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public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext analysisContext) {
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}
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}
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//测试读出excel程序
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@Test
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public void testRead(){
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String file = path()+"student_demo1.xls";
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//读操作
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EasyExcel.read(file, Student1.class, new StudentDataListener1()).sheet("土豆").doRead();
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}
1.5:复杂操作
1.5.1:复合表头
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package com.czxy.excel;
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import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
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import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.format.DateTimeFormat;
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import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.write.style.ColumnWidth;
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import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.write.style.ContentFontStyle;
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import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.write.style.HeadRowHeight;
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import com.alibaba.excel.enums.BooleanEnum;
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import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
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import lombok.Data;
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import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
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import java.awt.*;
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import java.util.Date;
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@Data
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@AllArgsConstructor
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@NoArgsConstructor
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@ColumnWidth(30)
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@HeadRowHeight(30)
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public class Student2 {
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@ExcelProperty("编号")
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private String id;
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@ExcelProperty("姓名")
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@ContentFontStyle(fontName = "楷体",italic = BooleanEnum.TRUE,color = Font.ITALIC)
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private String name;
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@ExcelProperty({"基本信息","年龄"})
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private Integer age;
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@ExcelProperty({"基本信息","电话"})
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private String phone;
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@ExcelProperty({"可选信息","邮件"})
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private String Email;
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@ExcelProperty({"可选信息","生日"})
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@DateTimeFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm")
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private Date birthday;
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}
1.5.2:写操作:多表
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//得到根目录路径
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public String path(){
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return this.getClass().getResource("/").getPath();
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}
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// 模拟数据
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public List<Student1> getDate(){
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//模拟十条数据
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ArrayList<Student1> student1s = new ArrayList<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
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Student1 student1 = new Student1(i+"","土豆"+i,i,"115"+i,"626"+i,new Date());
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student1s.add(student1);
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}
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return student1s;
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}
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//创建测试书写多表
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@Test
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public void testWrite(){
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//写入位置:%classpath%/
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//文件名称:student-demo.xls
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//表名:土豆
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//1,文件位置
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String file = path()+"student_demo2.xls";
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//2 写操作
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ExcelWriter excelWriter = EasyExcel.write(file, Student2.class).build();
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//写入多个sheet
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WriteSheet writeSheet1 = EasyExcel.writerSheet("爱吃豆的").build();
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excelWriter.write(getDate(),writeSheet1);
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//写入第二个sheet
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WriteSheet writeSheet2 = EasyExcel.writerSheet("土豆").build();
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excelWriter.write(getDate(),writeSheet2);
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excelWriter.finish();
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}
1.5.3:读操作:多表
具有缓存处理类
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package com.czxy.read;
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import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext;
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import com.alibaba.excel.event.AnalysisEventListener;
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import com.czxy.excel.Student2;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.List;
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public class StudentDataListener2 extends AnalysisEventListener<Student2> {
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//创建一个集合用于保存学生
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private List<Student2> student2List = new ArrayList<>();
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//创建一个变量用于判断
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private Integer size = 4;
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@Override
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public void invoke(Student2 student2, AnalysisContext analysisContext) {
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student2List.add(student2);
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if (student2List.size()>size){
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print();
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}
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}
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//重新创建一个方法
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public void print(){
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student2List.forEach(System.out::println);
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System.out.println("============");
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//打印完成之后进行清空集合
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student2List.clear();
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}
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//该方法
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@Override
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public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext analysisContext) {
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System.out.println("打印完成");
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//如果集合中还有数据进行打印
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if (!student2List.isEmpty()){
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print();
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}
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student2List.clear();
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}
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}
读操作
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@Test
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public void testRead(){
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String file = path()+"student_demo2.xls";
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//读操作
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ExcelReader excelReader = EasyExcel.read(file, Student2.class, new StudentDataListener2()).build();
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ReadSheet readSheet1 = EasyExcel.readSheet("爱吃豆的").build();
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excelReader.read(readSheet1);
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ReadSheet readSheet2 = EasyExcel.readSheet("土豆").build();
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excelReader.read(readSheet2);
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excelReader.finish();
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}
1.5.4:写操作:多对象
Student
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@Data
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@NoArgsConstructor
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@AllArgsConstructor
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public class Student {
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@ExcelProperty("姓名")
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private String name;
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@ExcelProperty("年龄")
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private Integer age;
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}
Book
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@Data
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@NoArgsConstructor
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@AllArgsConstructor
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@HeadRowHeight(50)
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@HeadFontStyle(fontName = "黑体",italic = BooleanEnum.TRUE, color = Font.COLOR_RED, underline = 2)
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public class Book {
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@ExcelProperty("编号")
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private String id;
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@ExcelProperty({"作者信息","姓名"})
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private String authorName;
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@ExcelProperty({"作者信息","年龄"})
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private Integer authorAge;
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@ExcelProperty({"书籍基本信息","标题"})
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private String title;
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@ContentFontStyle(fontName = "楷书",italic = BooleanEnum.TRUE, color = Font.COLOR_RED, underline = -1)
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@ExcelProperty({"书籍基本信息","价格"})
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private Double price;
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@ExcelProperty({"书籍基本信息","出版日期"})
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@DateTimeFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日")
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private Date publishDate;
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}
实现
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public class TestManyObject {
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// 获得当前项目的运行时的根目录
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public String getPath() {
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return this.getClass().getResource("/").getPath();
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}
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// 模拟数据
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public List<Student> getStudentData() {
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List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
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list.add(new Student("张三" + i, 18 + i));
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}
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return list;
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}
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public List<Book> getBookData() {
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List<Book> list = new ArrayList<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
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list.add(new Book(i+"" , "张三" + i , 18 +i, "坏蛋是怎么"+i, 998d+i, new Date()));
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}
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return list;
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}
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// 遍历map即可
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private Map<Class<?>, List<?>> getData() {
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Map<Class<?>, List<?>> map = new HashMap<>();
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map.put(Student.class, getStudentData());
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map.put(Book.class, getBookData());
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return map;
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}
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@Test
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public void testManyObject() {
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String file = getPath() + "many_object.xlsx";
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//1 开始写
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ExcelWriter excelWriter = EasyExcel.write(file).build();
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//2 依次写每一个对象
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for(Map.Entry<Class<?>, List<?>> entry : getData().entrySet()) {
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Class<?> clazz = entry.getKey(); //类型
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List<?> data = entry.getValue(); //数据
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WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(clazz.getSimpleName()).head(clazz).build();
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excelWriter.write(data, writeSheet);
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}
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//3 写完成
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excelWriter.finish();
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}
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}
文章来源: qianxu.blog.csdn.net,作者:爱吃豆的土豆,版权归原作者所有,如需转载,请联系作者。
原文链接:qianxu.blog.csdn.net/article/details/126655735
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