VMware Workstation 下 Ubuntu 11.04安装VMWare Tools小结

Ubuntu开启root用户及其它登录问题的解决< xmlnamespace prefix ="o" ns ="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

 

　　Ubuntu安装后，root用户默认是被锁定了的，不允许登录，也不允许“su”到 root。有人说这是个不好的实践，特别是对于服务器来说。我觉得对于桌面用户来说，这样安全性更高一些，是应该的；但对于服务器可以设置成“允许 su 到root，但不允许root用户直接登录”。而我为了开发时的方便，则在桌面和服务器上都采用这种方式。

 

　　允许 su 到 root

 

　　非常简单，下面是设置的方法：

　　me@tipfoo:~$ sudopasswd

　　Password: <--- 输入安装时那个用户的密码

　　Enter new UNIX password: <--- 新的Root用户密码

　　Retype new UNIX password: <--- 重复新的Root用户密码

　　passwd：已成功更新密码

 

　　允许root登录

 

　　如果要允许root登录（不推荐），则这样操作：

　　me@tipfoo:~$ gksu /usr/sbin/gdmsetup

　　（或者使用桌面菜单：系统＞系统管理＞登录窗口）

　　点“安全”选项页，选择“允许本地管理员登录”。

　　注：这一步依赖上一步

 

　　不输入密码直接登录

 

　　在论坛上也看见有人抱怨，家中的Ubuntu不能像Window$那样──不用输入密码就能登录。其实同样能做到：

 

　　就在上一步的“安全”选项页中，勾选：

　　“启用自动登录”，“用户”选择（如：“me”）;

　　注意：公共用的计算机千万不能这么设置！

 

　　SSH登录远程服务器

 

　　如果远程服务器只允许root用户SSH到服务器时，在Ubuntu下，必须“su 到root”用户才能登录成功(具体是看服务器端的配置)。

　　首先，复制密钥到“/root/.ssh/”目录，

　　me@tipfoo:~$ su

　　Password:

　　root@tipfoo:/home/me# chmod 600 -R /root/.ssh/

　　root@tipfoo:/home/me# ssh -p 27482 11.22.33.44

　　Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_rsa':

Last login: Thu Jun 21 14:29:00 2007 from 11.22.33.45

 

 

 

安装VMWare Tools：

 

       1、点击“虚拟机 - 安装VMWare Tools”，双击桌面上出现的光盘图标，右击“…….tar.gz”后缀文件将其解压缩桌面上。

 

       2、打开“终端”，运行su命令后输入密码获取root用户权限，依次执行下面的命令（注意这里版本号可能有所不同，可以在终端中执行uname -r查看当前内核版本）：

cd /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.35-22-generic/include

cp -p generated/utsrelease.hlinux/utsrelease.h

cp -p generated/autoconf.hlinux/autoconf.h

 

       3、在终端中进入桌面的解压缩目录（以自己的实际分区目录为基准）：

       cd /home/june/桌面/vmware-tools-distrib

       然后执行：

sudo ./vmware-install.pl（注意 / 前有一个 . ）

 

       4、然后剩下的就没什么了，跟以前的基本一致，一路回车，一直到提示选择分辨率，再到提示“Enjoy,　— the VMware team”就好了。最后就是在“首选项 - 启动应用程序”里把vmware-toolbox添加进去就可以了。

 

 

简化的过程：

cc@cc-virtual-machine:~$ sudopasswd

[sudo] password for cc:

输入新的 UNIX 密码：

重新输入新的 UNIX 密码：

passwd：已成功更新密码

cc@cc-virtual-machine:~$ su root

密码：

root@cc-virtual-machine:~# cd /home/cc/桌面/vmware-tools-distrib

root@cc-virtual-machine:/home/cc/桌面/vmware-tools-distrib# ./vmware-install.pl

 

Creating a new VMware Tools installer database using the tar4 format.

 

Installing VMware Tools.

 

In which directory do you want to install the binary files?

[/usr/bin]

 

What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?

[/etc]

 

What is the directory that contains the init scripts?

[/etc/init.d]

 

In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?

[/usr/sbin]

 

In which directory do you want to install the library files?

[/usr/lib/vmware-tools]

 

The path "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is

going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?

[yes]

 

 

In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?

[/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]

The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program

is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you

want? [yes]

 

The installation of VMware Tools 8.4.6 build-385536 for Linux completed

successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any

time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl".

 

Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by

invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl". Do you want

this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]

 

Initializing...

 

 

Making sure services for VMware Tools are stopped.

 

 

 

The module vmmemctl has already been installed on this system by another

installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.  Use the flag

--clobber-kernel-modules=vmmemctl to override.

 

 

Before you can compile modules, you need to have the following installed...

 

make

gcc

kernel headers of the running kernel

 

 

Searching for GCC...

Detected GCC binary at "/usr/bin/gcc".

The path "/usr/bin/gcc" appears to be a valid path to the gcc binary.

Would you like to change it? [no]

 

Searching for a valid kernel header path...

Detected the kernel headers of the running kernel at

"/lib/modules/2.6.38-8-generic/build/include".

The path "/lib/modules/2.6.38-8-generic/build/include" appears to be a valid

path to the kernel headers of the running kernel.

Would you like to change it? [no]

 

Using 2.6.x kernel build system.

make:进入目录'/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only'

make -C /lib/modules/2.6.38-8-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= modules

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/backdoor.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/backdoorGcc32.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/bdhandler.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/cpName.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/cpNameLinux.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/cpNameLite.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/dentry.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/dir.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/file.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/filesystem.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/fsutil.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/hgfsBd.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/hgfsEscape.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/hgfsUtil.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/inode.o

/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/inode.c:159:4: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type

/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/inode.c:173:4: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type

/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/inode.c: In function ‘HgfsPermission’:

/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/inode.c:1867:10: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘atomic_read’ from incompatible pointer type

/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic/arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h:23:19: note: expected ‘conststructatomic_t *’ but argument is of type ‘unsigned int *’

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/kernelStubsLinux.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/link.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/message.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/messageBackdoor.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/module.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/page.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/request.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/rpcout.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/stubs.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/super.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/tcp.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/transport.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.o

  Building modules, stage 2.

  MODPOST 1 modules

  CC      /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.mod.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.ko

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

make -C $PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= postbuild

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only'

make[1]: “postbuild”是最新的。

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only'

cp -f vmhgfs.ko ./../vmhgfs.o

make:离开目录“/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only”

 

Using 2.6.x kernel build system.

make:进入目录'/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmxnet-only'

make -C /lib/modules/2.6.38-8-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= modules

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmxnet-only/vmxnet.o

  Building modules, stage 2.

  MODPOST 1 modules

  CC      /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmxnet-only/vmxnet.mod.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmxnet-only/vmxnet.ko

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

make -C $PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= postbuild

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmxnet-only'

make[1]: “postbuild”是最新的。

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmxnet-only'

cp -f vmxnet.ko ./../vmxnet.o

make:离开目录“/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmxnet-only”

 

Using 2.6.x kernel build system.

make:进入目录'/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only'

make -C /lib/modules/2.6.38-8-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= modules

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/block.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/control.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/dbllnklst.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/dentry.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/file.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/filesystem.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/inode.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/module.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/stubs.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/linux/super.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/vmblock.o

  Building modules, stage 2.

  MODPOST 1 modules

  CC      /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/vmblock.mod.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only/vmblock.ko

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

make -C $PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= postbuild

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only'

make[1]: “postbuild”是最新的。

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only'

cp -f vmblock.ko ./../vmblock.o

make:离开目录“/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmblock-only”

 

Using 2.6.x kernel build system.

make:进入目录'/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only'

make -C /lib/modules/2.6.38-8-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= modules

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/kernelStubsLinux.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciDatagram.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciEvent.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciGuestDs.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciGuestKernelIf.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciKernelIf.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciProcess.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciQueuePair.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciUtil.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmci_drv.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmci.o

  Building modules, stage 2.

  MODPOST 1 modules

  CC      /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmci.mod.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmci.ko

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

make -C $PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= postbuild

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only'

make[1]: “postbuild”是最新的。

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only'

cp -f vmci.ko ./../vmci.o

make:离开目录“/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only”

 

Using 2.6.x kernel build system.

make:进入目录'/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only'

make -C /lib/modules/2.6.38-8-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= modules

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/kernelStubsLinux.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciDatagram.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciEvent.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciGuestDs.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciGuestKernelIf.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciKernelIf.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciProcess.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciQueuePair.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmciUtil.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmci_drv.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmci.o

  Building modules, stage 2.

  MODPOST 1 modules

  CC      /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmci.mod.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only/vmci.ko

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

make -C $PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= postbuild

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only'

make[1]: “postbuild”是最新的。

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only'

cp -f vmci.ko ./../vmci.o

make:离开目录“/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmci-only”

Using 2.6.x kernel build system.

make:进入目录'/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only'

make -C /lib/modules/2.6.38-8-generic/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= modules

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only/linux/af_vsock.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only/linux/notify.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only/linux/stats.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only/linux/util.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only/linux/vsockAddr.o

  CC [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only/driverLog.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only/vsock.o

  Building modules, stage 2.

  MODPOST 1 modules

  CC      /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only/vsock.mod.o

  LD [M]  /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only/vsock.ko

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic'

make -C $PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \

      MODULEBUILDDIR= postbuild

make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only'

make[1]: “postbuild”是最新的。

make[1]:正在离开目录 `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only'

cp -f vsock.ko ./../vsock.o

make:离开目录“/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vsock-only”

 

The module vmxnet3 has already been installed on this system by another

installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.  Use the flag

--clobber-kernel-modules=vmxnet3 to override.

 

The module pvscsi has already been installed on this system by another

installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.  Use the flag

--clobber-kernel-modules=pvscsi to override.

 

 

Disabling timer-based audio scheduling in pulseaudio.

 

 

 

Detected Xorg X server version 1.10.1.

 

 

 

Distribution provided drivers for Xorg X server are used.

 

Skipping X configuration because X drivers are not included.

 

Creating a new initrd boot image for the kernel.

update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.38-8-generic

vmware-tools start/running

The configuration of VMware Tools 8.4.6 build-385536 for Linux for this running

kernel completed successfully.

 

You must restart your X session before any mouse or graphics changes take

effect.

 

You can now run VMware Tools by invoking "/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox-cmd" from the

command line or by invoking "/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox" from the command line

during an X server session.

 

To enable advanced X features (e.g., guest resolution fit, drag and drop, and

file and text copy/paste), you will need to do one (or more) of the following:

1. Manually start /usr/bin/vmware-user

2. Log out and log back into your desktop session; and,

3. Restart your X session.

 

To use the vmxnet driver, restart networking using the following commands:

/etc/init.d/networking stop

rmmod pcnet32

rmmodvmxnet

modprobevmxnet

/etc/init.d/networking start

 

Enjoy,

 

--the VMware team

 

root@cc-virtual-machine:/home/cc/桌面/vmware-tools-distrib#