金鱼哥RHCA回忆录：CL210红帽OpenStack平台架构--章节实验

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金鱼哥 发表于 2022/07/14 17:44:25 2022/07/14
【摘要】 第一章 红帽OpenStack平台架构--章节实验

🎹 个人简介：大家好，我是 金鱼哥，CSDN运维领域新星创作者，华为云·云享专家，阿里云社区·专家博主
📚个人资质：CCNA、HCNP、CSNA（网络分析师），软考初级、中级网络工程师、RHCSA、RHCE、RHCA、RHCI、ITIL😜
💬格言：努力不一定成功，但要想成功就必须努力🔥

🎈支持我：可点赞👍、可收藏⭐️、可留言📝

  1. 在director节点上，验证底层云的网络和服务。

  2. 在director节点上，查找overcloud节点的IP地址。列出网络并显示ctlplane子网的详细信息。打开undercloud.conf文件并查看DHCP配置。

  3. 在所有四个overcloud节点上，使用docker命令来显示OpenStack服务

  4. 使用docker命令停止nova_api容器。检查容器的状态，然后重新启动它。确保容器返回健康状态。5. 在controller0和compute0节点上，查看etho、vlan和br-ex接口。列出OVS网桥。列出br-ex和br-trunk上的OVS接口。

  5. 在workstation，加载源~/operator1-production-rc认证文件。使用下表中的属性在production项目中创建一个实例。确保服务器的状态为ACTIVE。在provider-datacentre网络上创建一个浮动IP地址，并将其附加到实例。
    在这里插入图片描述

[student@workstation ~]$ lab architecture-lab setup

📑1. 在director节点上，验证undercloud的网络和服务。

(undercloud) [stack@director ~]$ openstack network list
+--------------------------------------+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID                                   | Name         | Subnets                              |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| 2c9cee9a-e797-462e-ba76-efaa564b7b7f | ctlplane     | 45dce459-6e9d-40dc-a4d5-ef2e91de6ec7 |
| 352efe55-3af2-4e26-abf6-6f2d388c6a1a | storage      | f8b997e4-f5f5-46ac-92a2-079340aa0dde |
| 37a81453-9f5e-415d-90e5-14bdb1858806 | management   | 243a4564-e344-4d80-9eeb-972287a4b8ae |
| 444ad6f9-7ad8-43d6-a825-37ff9cbc63c5 | external     | 1653cf28-1da7-4bb7-b060-872a0da6c0d1 |
| 60c574f1-cb7d-4f37-8dd6-4f76a2d0218c | internal_api | 30e75947-64c2-4961-9b49-67b066e54fe8 |
| 7029b988-a1a2-405d-9809-d051c8a726d8 | storage_mgmt | be6d8ef9-ea6a-436f-a1f7-2d085336667c |
| d1cc495b-dda5-4c0e-812a-bd79708716d4 | tenant       | d551f63e-d144-4c0a-8a1b-8892aa40ae78 |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+--------------------------------------+
(undercloud) [stack@director ~]$ ip addr | grep -E 'br-ctlplane|eth1'
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.25.250.200/24 brd 172.25.250.255 scope global noprefixroute eth1
6: br-ctlplane: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.25.249.200/24 brd 172.25.249.255 scope global br-ctlplane
    inet 172.25.249.202/32 scope global br-ctlplane
    inet 172.25.249.201/32 scope global br-ctlplane
(undercloud) [stack@director ~]$ openstack compute service list
+----+----------------+--------------------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| ID | Binary         | Host                     | Zone     | Status  | State | Updated At                 |
+----+----------------+--------------------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
|  1 | nova-conductor | director.lab.example.com | internal | enabled | up    | 2020-10-15T15:00:47.000000 |
|  2 | nova-scheduler | director.lab.example.com | internal | enabled | up    | 2020-10-15T15:00:49.000000 |
|  5 | nova-compute   | director.lab.example.com | nova     | enabled | up    | 2020-10-15T15:00:45.000000 |
+----+----------------+--------------------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
(undercloud) [stack@director ~]$ openstack compute service list -c Binary -c Host -c Status -c State
+----------------+--------------------------+---------+-------+
| Binary         | Host                     | Status  | State |
+----------------+--------------------------+---------+-------+
| nova-conductor | director.lab.example.com | enabled | up    |
| nova-scheduler | director.lab.example.com | enabled | up    |
| nova-compute   | director.lab.example.com | enabled | up    |
+----------------+--------------------------+---------+-------+
(undercloud) [stack@director ~]$ openstack catalog list -c Name -c Endpoints
......

📑2. 在director节点上，查找overcloud节点的IP地址。列出网络并显示ctlplane子网的详细信息。打开undercloud.conf文件并查看DHCP配置。

(undercloud) [stack@director ~]$ openstack server list -c Name -c Networks
+-------------+------------------------+
| Name        | Networks               |
+-------------+------------------------+
| compute1    | ctlplane=172.25.249.55 |
| compute0    | ctlplane=172.25.249.54 |
| computehci0 | ctlplane=172.25.249.59 |
| controller0 | ctlplane=172.25.249.57 |
| ceph0       | ctlplane=172.25.249.58 |
+-------------+------------------------+
(undercloud) [stack@director ~]$ openstack network list -c Name -c Subnets
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| Name         | Subnets                              |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| ctlplane     | 45dce459-6e9d-40dc-a4d5-ef2e91de6ec7 |
| storage      | f8b997e4-f5f5-46ac-92a2-079340aa0dde |
| management   | 243a4564-e344-4d80-9eeb-972287a4b8ae |
| external     | 1653cf28-1da7-4bb7-b060-872a0da6c0d1 |
| internal_api | 30e75947-64c2-4961-9b49-67b066e54fe8 |
| storage_mgmt | be6d8ef9-ea6a-436f-a1f7-2d085336667c |
| tenant       | d551f63e-d144-4c0a-8a1b-8892aa40ae78 |
+--------------+--------------------------------------+
(undercloud) [stack@director ~]$ openstack subnet show 45dce459-6e9d-40dc-a4d5-ef2e91de6ec7
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field             | Value                                                      |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools  | 172.25.249.51-172.25.249.59                                |
| cidr              | 172.25.249.0/24                                            |
| created_at        | 2018-10-23T13:02:21Z                                       |
| description       |                                                            |
| dns_nameservers   | 172.25.250.254                                             |
| enable_dhcp       | True                                                       |
| gateway_ip        | 172.25.249.200                                             |
| host_routes       | destination='169.254.169.254/32', gateway='172.25.249.200' |
| id                | 45dce459-6e9d-40dc-a4d5-ef2e91de6ec7                       |
| ip_version        | 4                                                          |
| ipv6_address_mode | None                                                       |
| ipv6_ra_mode      | None                                                       |
| name              | ctlplane-subnet                                            |
| network_id        | 2c9cee9a-e797-462e-ba76-efaa564b7b7f                       |
| project_id        | f50fbd0341134b97a5a735cca5d6255c                           |
| revision_number   | 1                                                          |
| segment_id        | None                                                       |
| service_types     |                                                            |
| subnetpool_id     | None                                                       |
| tags              |                                                            |
| updated_at        | 2018-10-23T13:45:37Z                                       |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
(undercloud) [stack@director ~]$ grep '^dhcp_' undercloud.conf 
dhcp_start = 172.25.249.51
dhcp_end = 172.25.249.59

注意：所有overcloud节点IP地址都在ctlplane子网的分配池中。ctlplane子网在undercloud.conf文件中确认。overcloud节点通过ctlplane子网的allocation_pools选项获得IP地址。

📑3. 在所有四个overcloud节点上，使用docker命令来显示OpenStack服务

[root@controller0 ~]# docker ps --format="table {{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}"
NAMES                              STATUS
openstack-cinder-volume-docker-0   Up 32 hours
ovn-dbs-bundle-docker-0            Up 32 hours
ceph-mds-controller0               Up 32 hours
ceph-mon-controller0               Up 32 hours
ceph-mgr-controller0               Up 32 hours
haproxy-bundle-docker-0            Up 32 hours
redis-bundle-docker-0              Up 32 hours
galera-bundle-docker-0             Up 32 hours
rabbitmq-bundle-docker-0           Up 32 hours
gnocchi_api                        Up 32 hours
gnocchi_metricd                    Up 32 hours
octavia_health_manager             Up 32 hours (healthy)
panko_api                          Up 32 hours (healthy)
octavia_api                        Up 32 hours
nova_metadata                      Up 32 hours
nova_api                           Up 32 hours (healthy)
octavia_housekeeping               Up 32 hours (unhealthy)
glance_api                         Up 32 hours (healthy)
swift_proxy                        Up 32 hours (healthy)
octavia_worker                     Up 32 hours (healthy)
ovn_controller                     Up 32 hours
heat_api_cfn                       Up 32 hours (healthy)
neutron_api                        Up 32 hours (healthy)
aodh_listener                      Up 32 hours (healthy)
swift_container_auditor            Up 32 hours
heat_api_cron                      Up 32 hours
swift_object_expirer               Up 32 hours
swift_object_updater               Up 32 hours
swift_container_replicator         Up 32 hours
swift_account_auditor              Up 32 hours
manila_api                         Up 32 hours
cinder_api_cron                    Up 32 hours
logrotate_crond                    Up 32 hours
swift_account_server               Up 32 hours (healthy)
cinder_scheduler                   Up 32 hours (healthy)
swift_object_replicator            Up 32 hours
swift_container_server             Up 32 hours (healthy)
heat_engine                        Up 32 hours (healthy)
aodh_api                           Up 32 hours
nova_vnc_proxy                     Up 32 hours (healthy)
ceilometer_agent_notification      Up 32 hours (healthy)
manila_scheduler                   Up 32 hours (healthy)
swift_account_reaper               Up 32 hours
nova_consoleauth                   Up 32 hours (healthy)
nova_api_cron                      Up 32 hours
aodh_notifier                      Up 32 hours (healthy)
ceilometer_agent_central           Up 32 hours (healthy)
swift_account_replicator           Up 32 hours
swift_object_auditor               Up 32 hours
heat_api                           Up 32 hours (healthy)
cinder_api                         Up 32 hours
swift_object_server                Up 32 hours (healthy)
nova_conductor                     Up 32 hours (healthy)
aodh_evaluator                     Up 32 hours (healthy)
swift_container_updater            Up 32 hours
keystone_cron                      Up 32 hours
keystone                           Up 3 hours (healthy)
iscsid                             Up 32 hours
nova_placement                     Up 32 hours
horizon                            Up 28 hours
clustercheck                       Up 32 hours
memcached                          Up 32 hours

[root@compute0 ~]# docker ps --format="table {{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}"
NAMES                      STATUS
ovn_controller             Up 32 hours
ovn_metadata_agent         Up 32 hours (healthy)
logrotate_crond            Up 32 hours
nova_compute               Up 32 hours (healthy)
nova_migration_target      Up 32 hours
ceilometer_agent_compute   Up 32 hours
iscsid                     Up 32 hours
nova_libvirt               Up 32 hours
nova_virtlogd              Up 32 hours

[root@computehci0 ~]# docker ps --format="table {{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}"
NAMES                      STATUS
ceph-osd-computehci0-vdc   Up 32 hours
ceph-osd-computehci0-vdb   Up 32 hours
ceph-osd-computehci0-vdd   Up 32 hours
ovn_metadata_agent         Up 32 hours (healthy)
ovn_controller             Up 32 hours
nova_compute               Up 32 hours (healthy)
logrotate_crond            Up 32 hours
ceilometer_agent_compute   Up 32 hours
nova_migration_target      Up 32 hours
iscsid                     Up 32 hours
nova_libvirt               Up 32 hours
nova_virtlogd              Up 32 hours

[root@ceph0 ~]# docker ps --format="table {{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}"
NAMES                STATUS
ceph-osd-ceph0-vdc   Up 32 hours
ceph-osd-ceph0-vdb   Up 32 hours
ceph-osd-ceph0-vdd   Up 32 hours
logrotate_crond      Up 32 hours

📑4. 使用docker命令停止nova_api容器。检查容器的状态，然后重新启动它。确保容器返回健康状态。

[root@controller0 ~]# docker stop nova_api
nova_api

Broadcast message from systemd-journald@controller0 (Thu 2020-10-15 15:26:26 UTC):

haproxy[27942]: proxy nova_osapi has no server available!

Message from syslogd@controller0 at Oct 15 15:26:26 ...
 haproxy[9]:proxy nova_osapi has no server available!
[root@controller0 ~]# docker start nova_api
nova_api
[root@controller0 ~]# docker ps --format="table {{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}" | grep nova_api
nova_api                           Up About a minute (healthy)
nova_api_cron                      Up 32 hours

📑5. 在controller0和compute0节点上，查看etho、vlan和br-ex接口。列出OVS网桥。列出br-ex和br-trunk上的OVS接口。

[root@controller0 ~]# ip addr | grep -E 'eth0|vlan|br-ex'
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.25.249.57/24 brd 172.25.249.255 scope global eth0
    inet 172.25.249.50/32 brd 172.25.249.255 scope global eth0
13: br-ex: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.25.250.1/24 brd 172.25.250.255 scope global br-ex
    inet 172.25.250.50/32 brd 172.25.250.255 scope global br-ex
14: vlan40: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.24.4.1/24 brd 172.24.4.255 scope global vlan40
    inet 172.24.4.50/32 brd 172.24.4.255 scope global vlan40
15: vlan10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.24.1.1/24 brd 172.24.1.255 scope global vlan10
    inet 172.24.1.51/32 brd 172.24.1.255 scope global vlan10
    inet 172.24.1.50/32 brd 172.24.1.255 scope global vlan10
16: vlan20: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.24.2.1/24 brd 172.24.2.255 scope global vlan20
17: vlan30: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.24.3.1/24 brd 172.24.3.255 scope global vlan30
    inet 172.24.3.50/32 brd 172.24.3.255 scope global vlan30
18: vlan50: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.24.5.1/24 brd 172.24.5.255 scope global vlan50
[root@controller0 ~]# ovs-vsctl list-br 
br-eth3
br-eth4
br-ex
br-int
br-trunk
[root@controller0 ~]# ovs-vsctl list-ifaces br-trunk 
eth1
vlan10
vlan20
vlan30
vlan40
vlan50
[root@controller0 ~]# ovs-vsctl list-ifaces br-ex
eth2
patch-provnet-fc5472ee-98d9-4f6b-9bc9-544ca18aefb3-to-br-int

[root@compute0 ~]# ip addr | grep -E 'eth0|vlan|eth2'
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.25.249.54/24 brd 172.25.249.255 scope global eth0
4: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master ovs-system state UP group default qlen 1000
14: vlan10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.24.1.2/24 brd 172.24.1.255 scope global vlan10
15: vlan20: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.24.2.2/24 brd 172.24.2.255 scope global vlan20
16: vlan30: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.24.3.2/24 brd 172.24.3.255 scope global vlan30
17: vlan50: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    inet 172.24.5.2/24 brd 172.24.5.255 scope global vlan50
[root@compute0 ~]# ovs-vsctl list-br
br-eth3
br-eth4
br-ex
br-int
br-trunk
[root@compute0 ~]# ovs-vsctl list-ifaces br-trunk 
eth1
vlan10
vlan20
vlan30
vlan50

📑6. 在workstation，加载源~/operator1-production-rc认证文件。使用下表中的属性在production项目中创建一个实例。确保服务器的状态为ACTIVE。在provider-datacentre网络上创建一个浮动IP地址，并将其附加到实例。

在这里插入图片描述

[student@workstation ~(operator1-production)]$ openstack server create --flavor default --key-name example-keypair --nic net-id=production-network1 --security-group default --image production-rhel7 production-server1 --wait
+-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field                       | Value                                                            |
+-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig           | MANUAL                                                           |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova                                                             |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state      | Running                                                          |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state       | None                                                             |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state         | active                                                           |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at      | 2020-10-16T14:39:06.000000                                       |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at    | None                                                             |
| accessIPv4                  |                                                                  |
| accessIPv6                  |                                                                  |
| addresses                   | production-network1=192.168.1.10                                 |
| adminPass                   | xNhULJxtZn4m                                                     |
| config_drive                |                                                                  |
| created                     | 2020-10-16T14:34:35Z                                             |
| flavor                      | default (e04380ed-b027-4a72-a697-4307bc014b6c)                   |
| hostId                      | 0e79b8aaaf2efd191b1666446b5ee623aa403d474e8c199f8811250d         |
| id                          | 6f18c718-dd21-4a80-9b89-b224cb26021a                             |
| image                       | production-rhel7 (5fa51da8-c711-463a-91ed-f0c2fa232798)          |
| key_name                    | example-keypair                                                  |
| name                        | production-server1                                               |
| progress                    | 0                                                                |
| project_id                  | 294ad7735e6646d7bb908e32de8582c3                                 |
| properties                  |                                                                  |
| security_groups             | name='default'                                                   |
| status                      | ACTIVE                                                           |
| updated                     | 2020-10-16T14:39:07Z                                             |
| user_id                     | ac8f19029cdf35fa7083687862bf1235d5a10f5b98632be09d323616c640985e |
| volumes_attached            |                                                                  |
+-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
[student@workstation ~(operator1-production)]$ openstack server list
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+--------+----------------------------------+------------------+---------+
| ID                                   | Name               | Status | Networks                         | Image            | Flavor  |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+--------+----------------------------------+------------------+---------+
| 6f18c718-dd21-4a80-9b89-b224cb26021a | production-server1 | ACTIVE | production-network1=192.168.1.10 | production-rhel7 | default |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+--------+----------------------------------+------------------+---------+
[student@workstation ~(operator1-production)]$ openstack floating ip create provider-datacentre
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                                |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| created_at          | 2020-10-16T15:11:17Z                 |
| description         |                                      |
| fixed_ip_address    | None                                 |
| floating_ip_address | 172.25.250.101                       |
| floating_network_id | fc5472ee-98d9-4f6b-9bc9-544ca18aefb3 |
| id                  | dc7299cb-466a-4285-9b73-8c8e6a578e77 |
| name                | 172.25.250.101                       |
| port_id             | None                                 |
| project_id          | 294ad7735e6646d7bb908e32de8582c3     |
| qos_policy_id       | None                                 |
| revision_number     | 0                                    |
| router_id           | None                                 |
| status              | DOWN                                 |
| subnet_id           | None                                 |
| updated_at          | 2020-10-16T15:11:17Z                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
[student@workstation ~(operator1-production)]$ openstack server add floating ip production-server1 172.25.250.101
[student@workstation ~(operator1-production)]$ ping 172.25.250.101
PING 172.25.250.101 (172.25.250.101) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.25.250.101: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=12.3 ms
64 bytes from 172.25.250.101: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=3.34 ms
64 bytes from 172.25.250.101: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=8.18 ms
[student@workstation ~(operator1-production)]$ ssh cloud-user@172.25.250.101
Warning: Permanently added '172.25.250.101' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
[cloud-user@production-server1 ~]$ ping 172.25.250.254
PING 172.25.250.254 (172.25.250.254) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.25.250.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=28.0 msPING 172.25.250.254

📑实验评分

[student@workstation ~(operator1-production)]$ lab architecture-lab grade
Grading lab on workstation:

 . Checking that production-server1 has been launched..........  PASS

Overall lab grade..............................................  PASS

📑清除实验

[student@workstation ~(operator1-production)]$ lab architecture-lab cleanup

💡总结

  • 当今的企业云是使用多个相互连接的云结构构建的。undercloud是用于构建和管理生产云的供应和管理云。Red Hat OpenStack平台Director是Red Hat OpenStack平台的底层。

  • 企业生产云称为overcloud。Underclouds和overclouds使用相同的技术，但是管理不同的工作负载。底层管理云基础设施，上层管理生产和租户工作负载。

  • 物理云和虚拟云中使用了常见的开放技术。智能平台管理接口(IPMI)是用于控制节点的电源管理技术。虚拟网络计算(VNC)是一种远程访问技术，用于访问已部署的实例控制台。

  • 自省过程具有发现要部署节点的技术特征。通过使用这些特征，overcloud部署可以自动将部署角色分配给特定节点。

  • 编排流程为每个节点的硬件和软件定义特定的配置。所提供的默认模板涵盖了大多数常见用例和设计。

  • 红帽OpenStack平台的最新版本使用容器来运行服务。systemd命令已被弃用，并已被docker命令替换。日志文件现在位于/var/log/containers/service中，配置文件现在位于/var/lib/configdata/puppet-generated/service/etc/service中。只有在容器配置文件中所做的更改在重新启动服务时才会持久。

RHCA认证需要经历5门的学习与考试，还是需要花不少时间去学习与备考的，好好加油，可以噶🤪。

以上就是【金鱼哥】对 第一章 红帽OpenStack平台架构–章节实验 的简述和讲解。希望能对看到此文章的小伙伴有所帮助。

💾红帽认证专栏系列：
RHCSA专栏：戏说 RHCSA 认证
RHCE专栏：戏说 RHCE 认证
此文章收录在RHCA专栏：RHCA 回忆录

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