1小时学会通过Java Swing Design设计java图形化

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红目香薰 发表于 2022/06/26 20:08:48 2022/06/26
【摘要】 ​ ​编辑环境与工具:系统环境:win10开发工具:Eclipse IDE for Java Developers - 2020-09数据库:MySQL5.6学习目标:一般大一结束的时候需要做一个类似一下内容的javaswing项目,故而咱们的学习目标如下:​编辑其中设计到的控件:文本框、输入框、按钮、表格,数据库是JDBC绑定数据集<List>类型就行。目录环境与工具:学习目标:1、项目创...

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环境与工具:

系统环境:win10

开发工具:Eclipse IDE for Java Developers - 2020-09

数据库:MySQL5.6

学习目标:

一般大一结束的时候需要做一个类似一下内容的javaswing项目,故而咱们的学习目标如下:

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其中设计到的控件:文本框、输入框、按钮、表格,数据库是JDBC绑定数据集<List>类型就行。

目录

环境与工具:

学习目标:

1、项目创建

2、绝对位置布局Absolute layout

​3、工具栏简述:

4、常用控件简述

5、JDBC

MySQL

JDCB_Demo

封装模型:

DAO层数据:

UI层添加数据:



1、项目创建

使用eclipse直接创建一个java的空项目即可,唯一要注意的就是创建【java】的时候不是点击【class】而是创建【JFrame】,通过【JFrame】才能使用设计工具【Design】。

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这里点【other】因为【JFrame】在这个选项栏中。

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编辑2、绝对位置布局Absolute layout

使用这个方式方便拖拽,很方便:

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编辑3、工具栏简述:

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编辑4、常用控件简述

1、顶层容器:JFrame(窗体),JDialog(对话窗)

2、中间容器:JPanel(面板),(滚动面板)JScrollPane,(分割面板)JSplitPane,(工具栏)JToolBar

3、菜单栏:JMenuBar

4、基本组件:

英文名 对照中文
JLabel

标签

JButton 按钮
JTextArea 文本区
JTextField 文本框
JRadioButton 单选按钮
JCheckBox 复选框
JPasswordField 密码框
JComboBox 下拉列表框
JList 列表
JTable 表格

画的有些乱,但是基本上一眼就能看出来是啥: 

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表格JTable:

JPanel设置上下布局,JScrollPane设置,这样才能显示table的标题列

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添加一些测试数据:

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效果:

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5、JDBC

需要数据库jar包

mysql-connector-java-5.1.7bin.jar

下载链接:https://download.csdn.net/download/feng8403000/85610502

MySQL

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;
CREATE TABLE `users`  (
  `id` int(8) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `createDate` datetime(0) NOT NULL,
  `userName` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `sex` varchar(2) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `introduce` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 3 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of users
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `users` VALUES (1, '2022-06-11 12:55:02', '王语嫣', '女', '琅嬛福地,神仙姐姐。');
INSERT INTO `users` VALUES (2, '2022-06-11 12:56:05', '小龙女', '女', '冰山美人');

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

JDCB_Demo

package com.item.jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * 数据库工厂
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class FactoryDB {
	/**
	 * 驱动位置
	 */
	private static final String driver ="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
	/**
	 * 数据库链接路径·必背
	 */
	private static final String url ="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mytest?characterEncoding=utf-8";
	/**
	 * 数据库账号
	 */
	private static final String user ="root";
	/**
	 * 数据库密码
	 */
	private static final String pwd ="12345678";
	/**
	 * 静态块引入数据库驱动·解决包位置问题
	 */
	static {
		try {
			Class.forName(driver);
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 数据库链接
	 * @return
	 */
	public static Connection getConn() {
		Connection conn = null;
		try {
			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,pwd);
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return conn;
	}
	/**
	 * 关闭数据库连接
	 * @param conn
	 * @param pr
	 * @param re
	 */
	public static void close(Connection conn,PreparedStatement pr, ResultSet re) {
		try {
			if (re!=null) {
				re.close();
			} 
			if(pr!=null){
				pr.close();
			}
			if(conn!=null){
				conn.close();
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

封装模型:

package com.item.model;

import java.util.Date;

public class Users {
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Users [id=" + id + ", creaetDate=" + creaetDate + ", userName=" + userName + ", sex=" + sex
				+ ", introduce=" + introduce + "]";
	}
	private int id;
	private Date creaetDate;
	private String userName;
	private String sex;
	private String introduce;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public Date getCreaetDate() {
		return creaetDate;
	}
	public void setCreaetDate(Date creaetDate) {
		this.creaetDate = creaetDate;
	}
	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}
	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public String getIntroduce() {
		return introduce;
	}
	public void setIntroduce(String introduce) {
		this.introduce = introduce;
	}
	

}

DAO层数据:

package com.item.dao;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import com.item.jdbc.FactoryDB;
import com.item.model.Users;

public class UsersDAO {
	/**
	 * 查询所有
	 * @return
	 */
	public static ArrayList<Users> GetInfo(String userName){
		Connection conn = FactoryDB.getConn();
		String sql=null;
		if(userName==null) {
			sql="select * from users";
		}else {
			sql="select * from users where userName like '%"+userName+"%'";
		}
		ArrayList<Users> list = new ArrayList<Users>();
		try {
			PreparedStatement pr = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			ResultSet re = pr.executeQuery();
			while (re.next()) {
				Users u = new Users();
				u.setId(re.getInt(1));
				u.setCreaetDate(re.getDate(2));
				u.setUserName(re.getString(3));
				u.setSex(re.getString(4));
				u.setIntroduce(re.getString(5));
				list.add(u);
			}
			FactoryDB.close(conn, pr, re);
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return list;
	}
	/**
	 * 添加
	 * @param userName
	 * @param sex
	 * @param introduce
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean AddInfo(String userName,String sex,String introduce) {
		Connection conn = FactoryDB.getConn();
		String sql=String.format("insert into users values(0,now(),'%s','%s','%s')", userName,sex,introduce);
		try {
			PreparedStatement pr = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			int rows = pr.executeUpdate();
			FactoryDB.close(conn, pr, null);
			return rows>0;
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return false;
	}
	/**
	 * 修改
	 * @param id
	 * @param introduce
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean UpdateById(int id,String introduce) {
		Connection conn = FactoryDB.getConn();
		String sql=String.format("update users set introduce='%s' where id=%d", introduce,id);
		try {
			PreparedStatement pr = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			int rows = pr.executeUpdate();
			FactoryDB.close(conn, pr, null);
			return rows>0;
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return false;
	}
	/**
	 * 删除
	 * @param id
	 * @return
	 */
	public static boolean DeleteById(int id) {
		Connection conn = FactoryDB.getConn();
		String sql=String.format("delete from users where id=%d", id);
		try {
			PreparedStatement pr = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			int rows = pr.executeUpdate();
			FactoryDB.close(conn, pr, null);
			return rows>0;
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return false;
	}
}

UI层添加数据:

JTable需要绑定一下俩数据:

//添加标题
Vector vTitle  = new Vector();
//添加数据
Vector vdate = new Vector();
//绑定到控件
table.setModel(new DefaultTableModel(vdate,vTitle));
package com.item.ui;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Vector;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;

import com.item.dao.UsersDAO;
import com.item.model.Users;


import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

public class utest extends JFrame {

	/**
	 * 序列
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private JPanel contentPane;
	private JTextField userName;
	private JTable table;

	/**
	 * Launch the application.
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				try {
					utest frame = new utest();
					frame.setVisible(true);
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		});
	}

	/**
	 * Create the frame.
	 */
	public utest() {
		setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		setBounds(100, 100, 667, 598);
		contentPane = new JPanel();
		contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
		contentPane.setLayout(new BorderLayout(0, 0));
		setContentPane(contentPane);
		
		JPanel panel = new JPanel();
		contentPane.add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
		//添加按钮
		JButton btnNewButton = new JButton("\u6DFB\u52A0");
		btnNewButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				AddUsers users = new AddUsers();
				users.setVisible(true);
			}
		});
		panel.add(btnNewButton);
		
		userName = new JTextField();
		panel.add(userName);
		userName.setColumns(20);
		//查询按钮
		JButton btnNewButton_2 = new JButton("\u67E5\u8BE2");
		btnNewButton_2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				bind(userName.getText());
			}
		});
		panel.add(btnNewButton_2);
		
		JPanel panel_1 = new JPanel();
		contentPane.add(panel_1, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
		//删除
		JButton btnNewButton_1 = new JButton("\u9009\u4E2D\u884C\u70B9\u8FD9\u91CC\u5220\u9664");
		btnNewButton_1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				int i = table.getSelectedRow();
				if (i==-1) {
					JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"请选择删除的行");
					return ;
				}
				String id  = table.getValueAt(i, 0).toString();
				boolean isf = UsersDAO.DeleteById(Integer.parseInt(id));
				if (isf) {
					JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "删除成功!!!");
				} else {
					JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "删除失败!!!");
				}
				bind(null);
			}
		});
		panel_1.add(btnNewButton_1);
		//刷新按钮
		JButton btnNewButton_3 = new JButton("\u6570\u636E\u5237\u65B0");
		btnNewButton_3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				bind(null);
			}
		});
		panel_1.add(btnNewButton_3);
		
		JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();
		contentPane.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
		table = new JTable();
		scrollPane.setViewportView(table);
		bind(null);
	}
	//加载数据
	public void bind(String userName) {
		//添加标题
		Vector<String> vTitle  = new Vector<String>();
		vTitle.add("编号");
		vTitle.add("创建时间");
		vTitle.add("用户名");
		vTitle.add("性别");
		vTitle.add("简介");
		//添加数据
		Vector vdate = new Vector<Users>();
		ArrayList<Users> list = UsersDAO.GetInfo(userName);
		for (Users u : list) {
			Vector v = new Vector();
			v.add(u.getId());
			v.add(u.getCreaetDate());
			v.add(u.getUserName());
			v.add(u.getSex());
			v.add(u.getIntroduce());
			vdate.add(v);
		}
		table.setModel(new DefaultTableModel(vdate,vTitle));
	}

}

效果:

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添加:如果有单选按钮得分组

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为了方便操作,别忘改一个控件的名称: 

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双击添加按钮:

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添加编码:

package com.item.ui;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;

import com.item.dao.UsersDAO;

import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JRadioButton;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.ButtonGroup;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

public class AddUsers extends JFrame {

	private JPanel contentPane;
	private JTextField userName;
	private final ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
	public utest utest;
	/**
	 * Launch the application.
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				try {
					AddUsers frame = new AddUsers();
					frame.setVisible(true);
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		});
	}

	/**
	 * Create the frame.
	 */
	public AddUsers() {
		setBounds(100, 100, 589, 457);
		contentPane = new JPanel();
		contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
		setContentPane(contentPane);
		contentPane.setLayout(null);

		JLabel lblNewLabel = new JLabel("\u7528\u6237\u540D");
		lblNewLabel.setBounds(100, 88, 76, 29);
		contentPane.add(lblNewLabel);

		JLabel lblNewLabel_1 = new JLabel("\u7B80\u4ECB");
		lblNewLabel_1.setBounds(100, 209, 54, 15);
		contentPane.add(lblNewLabel_1);

		JRadioButton sex1 = new JRadioButton("\u7537");
		buttonGroup.add(sex1);
		sex1.setSelected(true);
		sex1.setBounds(200, 141, 121, 23);
		contentPane.add(sex1);

		JLabel lblNewLabel_2 = new JLabel("\u6027\u522B");
		lblNewLabel_2.setBounds(100, 145, 54, 15);
		contentPane.add(lblNewLabel_2);

		JRadioButton sex2 = new JRadioButton("\u5973");
		buttonGroup.add(sex2);
		sex2.setBounds(357, 141, 121, 23);
		contentPane.add(sex2);

		userName = new JTextField();
		userName.setBounds(160, 92, 278, 21);
		contentPane.add(userName);
		userName.setColumns(10);

		JTextArea introduce = new JTextArea();
		introduce.setBounds(164, 204, 291, 117);
		contentPane.add(introduce);

		JButton btnNewButton = new JButton("\u6DFB\u52A0");
		btnNewButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
			public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
				String name = userName.getText();
				boolean isf = sex1.isSelected();
				String sex=isf?"男":"女";
				String intro = introduce.getText();
				boolean addInfo = UsersDAO.AddInfo(name, sex, intro);
				JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, addInfo?"添加成功!!!":"添加失败!!!");
			}
		});
		btnNewButton.setBounds(231, 357, 93, 23);
		contentPane.add(btnNewButton);
	}

}

增删查演示完毕。

修改就是删除的获取数据跟添加组合在一起就行了。

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