两个入门案例带你入门SpringMVC 注解版&&XML版
【摘要】
目录
概述
执行流程
XML版
搭建环境
步骤
实现
注解版
搭建环境
&nb...
目录
概述
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Spring MVC 是 Spring 提供的一个基于 MVC 设计模式的轻量级 Web 开发框架，本质上相当于 Servlet。
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由于 Spring MVC 本身就是 Spring 框架的一部分，所有与 Spring 框架是无缝集成。是当今业界最主流的 Web 开发框架。
执行流程
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用户点击某个请求路径，发起一个 HTTP request 请求，该请求会被提交到 DispatcherServlet（前端控制器）；
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由 DispatcherServlet 请求一个或多个 HandlerMapping（处理器映射器），并返回一个执行链（HandlerExecutionChain）。
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DispatcherServlet 将执行链返回的 Handler 信息发送给 HandlerAdapter（处理器适配器）；
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HandlerAdapter 根据 Handler 信息找到并执行相应的 Handler（常称为 Controller）；
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Handler 执行完毕后会返回给 HandlerAdapter 一个 ModelAndView 对象（Spring MVC的底层对象，包括 Model 数据模型和 View 视图信息）；
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HandlerAdapter 接收到 ModelAndView 对象后，将其返回给 DispatcherServlet ；
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DispatcherServlet 接收到 ModelAndView 对象后，会请求 ViewResolver（视图解析器）对视图进行解析；
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ViewResolver 根据 View 信息匹配到相应的视图结果，并返回给 DispatcherServlet；
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DispatcherServlet 接收到具体的 View 视图后，进行视图渲染，将 Model 中的模型数据填充到 View 视图中的 request 域，生成最终的 View（视图）；
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视图负责将结果显示到浏览器（客户端）。
XML版
搭建环境
导入所需jar包坐标
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<packaging>war</packaging>
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<properties>
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<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
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<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
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<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
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</properties>
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<dependencies>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
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<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
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<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
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<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
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<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
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</dependency>
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<!-- 事务 -->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
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<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
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</dependency>
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-
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<!-- mysql驱动 -->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>mysql</groupId>
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<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
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<version>8.0.24</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
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<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
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<version>1.2.4</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
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<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
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<version>3.5.7</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
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<artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
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<version>3.5.2</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
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<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
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<version>3.7.5</version>
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</dependency>
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<!--整合-->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
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<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
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<version>2.0.5</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>junit</groupId>
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<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
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<version>4.12</version>
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</dependency>
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<!-- mvc json -->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
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<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
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<version>2.10.2</version>
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</dependency>
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<!--swagger2-->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
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<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
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<version>2.7.0</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
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<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
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<version>2.7.0</version>
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</dependency>
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-
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<!--文件上传-->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
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<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
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<version>1.4</version>
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</dependency>
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<!--jsp相关-->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
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<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
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<version>3.1.0</version>
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<scope>provided</scope>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
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<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
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<version>2.3.1</version>
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<scope>provided</scope>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
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<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
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<version>1.2</version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
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<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
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<version>1.7.10</version>
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</dependency>
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-
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</dependencies>
步骤
1.编写Controller UserController
2.编写jsp页面
3.编写配置文件扫描Controller
4.在web.xml中配置前端控制器
5.编写首页 部署项目 并访问
实现
1.编写Controller UserController
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@Controller
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@RequestMapping("/user")
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public class UserController {
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@RequestMapping("/selectAll")
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public String selectAll(){
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return "/list.jsp";
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}
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}
2.编写jsp页面
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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>Title</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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列表页面
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</body>
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</html>
3.编写springmvc.xml配置文件 扫描Controller
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
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xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
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xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
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xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
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<context:component-scan base-package="com.czxy.mvc.controller"></context:component-scan>
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</beans>
4.在web.xml配置前端控制器
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<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
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http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
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version="4.0">
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<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
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<servlet>
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<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
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<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
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<init-param>
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<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
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<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
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</init-param>
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</servlet>
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<servlet-mapping>
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<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
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<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
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</servlet-mapping>
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</web-app>
5.编写首页 部署项目并访问
注解版
搭建环境
导入所需jar包坐标
-
<packaging>war</packaging>
-
-
<properties>
-
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
-
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
-
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
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<!--声明不需要web.xml文件-->
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<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
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</properties>
-
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<dependencies>
-
-
<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
-
<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
-
<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
-
<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
-
<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<!-- 事务 -->
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
-
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
-
<version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
-
</dependency>
-
-
-
<!-- mysql驱动 -->
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
-
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
-
<version>8.0.24</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
-
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
-
<version>1.2.4</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
-
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
-
<version>3.5.7</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
-
<artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
-
<version>3.5.2</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
-
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
-
<version>3.7.5</version>
-
</dependency>
-
-
<!--整合-->
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
-
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
-
<version>2.0.5</version>
-
</dependency>
-
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>junit</groupId>
-
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
-
<version>4.12</version>
-
</dependency>
-
-
<!-- mvc json -->
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
-
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
-
<version>2.10.2</version>
-
</dependency>
-
-
<!--swagger2-->
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
-
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
-
<version>2.7.0</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
-
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
-
<version>2.7.0</version>
-
</dependency>
-
-
-
<!--文件上传-->
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
-
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
-
<version>1.4</version>
-
</dependency>
-
-
<!--jsp相关-->
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
-
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
-
<version>3.1.0</version>
-
<scope>provided</scope>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
-
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
-
<version>2.3.1</version>
-
<scope>provided</scope>
-
</dependency>
-
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
-
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
-
<version>1.2</version>
-
</dependency>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
-
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
-
<version>1.7.10</version>
-
</dependency>
-
-
-
</dependencies>
步骤
1.编写Controller UserController
2.编写jsp 转发到jsp
3.编写核心配置类(替代xml版 springconfig.xml)
4.编写核心配置类(web.xm)
5.编写首页 部署 并访问http://localhost:8080/maven_mvc_anno/user/selectAll.action
实现
1.编写Controller UserController
-
@Controller
-
@RequestMapping("/user")
-
public class UserController {
-
-
@RequestMapping("/selectAll")
-
public String selectAll(){
-
return "/list.jsp";
-
}
-
}
2.编写jsp 显示提示 list.jsp
-
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
-
<html>
-
<head>
-
<title>Title</title>
-
</head>
-
<body>
-
列表
-
</body>
-
</html>
3.编写配置类 MvcConfiguration1 扫描Controller
-
@Configuration
-
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.czxy.controller")
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public class MvcConfiguration1 {
-
}
4.编写WebInitializer 配置类
-
public class WebInitializer1 implements WebApplicationInitializer {
-
-
@Override
-
public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
-
//1 配置spring工厂
-
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext application = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
-
// 注册所有的配置类
-
application.register(MvcConfiguration1.class);
-
-
//2 post中文乱码
-
FilterRegistration.Dynamic encodingFilter = servletContext.addFilter("encoding", new CharacterEncodingFilter("UTF-8"));
-
encodingFilter.addMappingForUrlPatterns(null, true, "/*");
-
-
//3 核心控制器
-
ServletRegistration.Dynamic mvcServlet = servletContext.addServlet("springmvc", new DispatcherServlet(application));
-
mvcServlet.addMapping("*.action");
-
mvcServlet.setLoadOnStartup(2); //tomcat启动时，执行servlet的初始化方法
-
-
}
-
-
}
5.编写首页 index.jsp
-
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
-
<html>
-
<head>
-
<title>Title</title>
-
</head>
-
<body>
-
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/selectAll.action">入门案例</a>
-
</body>
-
</html>
6.部署并启动服务器 访问
文章来源: blog.csdn.net，作者：陶然同学，版权归原作者所有，如需转载，请联系作者。
原文链接：blog.csdn.net/weixin_45481821/article/details/121791760
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