【微服务~远程调用】RestTemplate基本操作快速入门
【摘要】
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👀专栏介绍
【微服务~远程调用】 目前主要更新微服务，一起学习一起进步。
👀本期介绍
本期主要介绍RestTemplate基本操作快速入门
文章目录
RestTemplate
...
🔎这里是【微服务~远程调用】，关注我学习云原生不迷路
👍如果对你有帮助，给博主一个免费的点赞以示鼓励
欢迎各位🔎点赞👍评论收藏⭐️
👀专栏介绍
【微服务~远程调用】 目前主要更新微服务，一起学习一起进步。
👀本期介绍
本期主要介绍RestTemplate基本操作快速入门
文章目录
RestTemplate
概述
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RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端，RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。
搭建环境
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拷贝BaseResult
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编写测试类：TestRest
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package com.czxy;
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public class TestRest {
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}
基本操作
GET请求
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注意：使用RestTemplate封装数据时，BaseResult必须提供==无参构造==。
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@Test
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public void testFindAll(){
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String url = "http://localhost:7778/user";
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//1 创建对象
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RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
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//2 发送请求并获得数据
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ResponseEntity<BaseResult> entity = restTemplate.getForEntity(url, BaseResult.class);
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//3.1 状态
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System.out.println(entity.getStatusCode());
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//3.2 响应数据
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System.out.println(entity.getBody().getData());
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}
GET请求：转换泛型异常
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查询用户时，如果返回类型为BaseResult，默认不支持泛型信息。及不支持 BaseResult<List<User>>
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需要使用 exchange 设置具体的泛型信息
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@Test
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public void testFindAll2(){
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String url = "http://localhost:7778/user";
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//1 创建对象
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RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
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//2 发送请求并获得数据
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ResponseEntity<BaseResult<List<User>>> entity = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, null, new ParameterizedTypeReference<BaseResult<List<User>>>() {});
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//3 获得响应，并打印
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BaseResult<List<User>> baseResult = entity.getBody();
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List<User> data = baseResult.getData();
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for (User user : data) {
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System.out.println(user);
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}
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}
POST请求
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@Test
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public void testAdd(){
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String url = "http://localhost:7778/user";
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RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
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User user = new User(1,"jack","1234",18);
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ResponseEntity<BaseResult> entity = restTemplate.postForEntity(url ,user , BaseResult.class);
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System.out.println(entity.getStatusCode());
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System.out.println(entity.getBody());
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}
PUT请求
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@Test
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public void testUpdate(){
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String url = "http://localhost:7778/user";
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RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
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User user = new User(1,"jack","1234",18);
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restTemplate.put(url ,user);
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System.out.println("修改成功");
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}
Delete请求
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@Test
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public void testDelete(){
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String url = "http://localhost:7778/user/1";
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RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
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restTemplate.delete(url);
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System.out.println("删除成功");
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}
HttpClient高级
HttpClient 关闭日志输出
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基于spring boot 测试启动器，自动开启日志输出
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spring boot 默认采用logback 进行日志管理的
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如何管理日志输出：关闭日志输出
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在resources/logback.xml
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<configuration debug="false"></configuration>
HttpClient连接池
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分析
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使用HttpClients.custom()可以构建自定义 CloseableHttpClient 对象
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setConnectionManager 用于配置连接
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setDefaultRequestConfig 用于配置请求
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通过PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager 可以为连接配置连接数和并发数
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通过 RequestConfig.custom() 可以配置各种超时时间
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代码
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@Test
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public void testDemo01() throws IOException {
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//1 配置连接管理
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PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
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// 1.1 设置最大连接数
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connectionManager.setMaxTotal(1000);
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// 1.2 设置并发访问数
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connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(20);
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//2 请求配置
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RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
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.setConnectTimeout(1000)
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.setConnectionRequestTimeout(500)
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.setSocketTimeout(10 * 1000)
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.build();
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// 3 获得工具类
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CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
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.setConnectionManager(connectionManager)
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.setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
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//重定向策略
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.setRedirectStrategy(new LaxRedirectStrategy())
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.build();
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// 4 发送请求
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CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
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try {
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HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://localhost:7778/user");
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response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
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if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
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String str = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
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System.out.println(str);
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}
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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} finally {
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response.close();
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}
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}
SpringBoot整合HttpClient
概述
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SpringBoot官方并没有对HttpClient的启动器。所以我们需要自己完成配置
配置
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步骤一：修改yml文件，添加连接池配置
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# http配置
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http:
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maxTotal: 300
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defaultMaxPerRoute: 50
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connectTimeout: 1000
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connectionRequestTimeout: 500
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socketTimeout: 5000
- 步骤二： 编写配置类
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package com.czxy.config;
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-
import lombok.Setter;
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import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
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import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
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import org.apache.http.conn.HttpClientConnectionManager;
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import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
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import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
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import org.apache.http.impl.client.LaxRedirectStrategy;
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import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
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import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
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-
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@Configuration
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@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "http")
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@Setter
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public class HttpConfig {
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private Integer maxTotal;
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private Integer defaultMaxPerRoute;
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private Integer connectTimeout;
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private Integer connectionRequestTimeout;
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private Integer socketTimeout;
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private Integer staleConnectionCheckEnabled;
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@Bean
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public PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager(){
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//1 配置连接管理
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PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
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// 1.1 设置最大连接数
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connectionManager.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
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// 1.2 设置并发访问数
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connectionMan1ager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(defaultMaxPerRoute);
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return connectionManager;
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}
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@Bean
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public RequestConfig requestConfig(){
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//2 请求配置
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RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
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.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout)
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.setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout)
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.setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout)
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.build();
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return requestConfig;
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}
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@Bean
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public HttpClient httpClient(HttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager, RequestConfig requestConfig){
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// 3 获得工具类
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CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
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.setConnectionManager(connectionManager)
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.setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
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//重定向策略
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.setRedirectStrategy(new LaxRedirectStrategy())
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.build();
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return httpClient;
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}
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}
测试：get请求
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package com.czxy;
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import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
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import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
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import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
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import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
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import org.junit.Test;
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import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
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import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
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import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
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import javax.annotation.Resource;
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import java.io.IOException;
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@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
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@SpringBootTest(classes = HttpApplication.class)
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public class TestBootHttp {
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@Resource
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private HttpClient httpClient;
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@Test
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public void testDemo01() throws IOException {
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String url = "http://localhost:7778/user";
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HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
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HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
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if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
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String str = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
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System.out.println(str);
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}
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}
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}
RestTemplate整合HttpClient
RestTemplate整合HttpClient -- 配置类
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package com.czxy.config;
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import lombok.Setter;
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import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
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import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
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import org.apache.http.conn.HttpClientConnectionManager;
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import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
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import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
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import org.apache.http.impl.client.LaxRedirectStrategy;
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import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
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import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
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import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
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import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
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import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter;
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import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter;
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import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
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import java.nio.charset.Charset;
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import java.util.List;
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/**
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* @author 桐叔
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* @email liangtong@itcast.cn
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*/
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@Configuration
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@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "http")
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@Setter
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public class HttpConfig {
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private Integer maxTotal;
-
private Integer defaultMaxPerRoute;
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private Integer connectTimeout;
-
private Integer connectionRequestTimeout;
-
private Integer socketTimeout;
-
private Integer staleConnectionCheckEnabled;
-
-
@Bean
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public PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager(){
-
//1 配置连接管理
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PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
-
// 1.1 设置最大连接数
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connectionManager.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
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// 1.2 设置并发访问数
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connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(defaultMaxPerRoute);
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return connectionManager;
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}
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@Bean
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public RequestConfig requestConfig(){
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//2 请求配置
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RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
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.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout)
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.setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout)
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.setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout)
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.build();
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return requestConfig;
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}
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@Bean
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public HttpClient httpClient(HttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager, RequestConfig requestConfig){
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// 3 获得工具类
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CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
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.setConnectionManager(connectionManager)
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.setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
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//重定向策略
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.setRedirectStrategy(new LaxRedirectStrategy())
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.build();
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return httpClient;
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}
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-
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@Bean
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public ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory(HttpClient httpClient ){
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return new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(httpClient);
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}
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@Bean
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public RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory){
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RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate(requestFactory);
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//乱码处理
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List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> list = template.getMessageConverters();
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for (HttpMessageConverter<?> mc : list) {
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if (mc instanceof StringHttpMessageConverter) {
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((StringHttpMessageConverter) mc).setDefaultCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
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}
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}
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return template;
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}
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}
测试类
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package com.czxy;
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import com.czxy.domain.User;
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import com.czxy.vo.BaseResult;
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import org.junit.Test;
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import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
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import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
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import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
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import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
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import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
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import javax.annotation.Resource;
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-
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@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
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@SpringBootTest(classes = HttpApplication.class)
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public class TestBootRest {
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@Resource
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private RestTemplate restTemplate;
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@Test
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public void testAdd(){
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String url = "http://localhost:7778/user";
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User user = new User(1,"jack","1234",18);
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ResponseEntity<BaseResult> entity = restTemplate.postForEntity(url ,user , BaseResult.class);
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System.out.println(entity.getStatusCode());
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System.out.println(entity.getBody());
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}
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}
案例：管理员登录
分析
数据库
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CREATE TABLE t_user(
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uid INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
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username VARCHAR(50),
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`password` VARCHAR(32),
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age INT
-
);
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INSERT INTO t_user(uid,username,`password`,age) VALUES(1,'jack','1234',18);
文章来源: blog.csdn.net，作者：陶然同学，版权归原作者所有，如需转载，请联系作者。
原文链接：blog.csdn.net/weixin_45481821/article/details/125264143
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