一、图像增强简介

图像增强是对图像的某些特征，如边缘、轮廓、对比度等进行强调或锐化，以便于显示、观察或进一步分析与处理。通过对图像的特定加工，将被处理的图像转化为对具体应用来说视觉质量和效果更“好”或更“有用”的图像。
图像增强是最基本最常用的图像处理技术，常用于其他图像处理的预处理阶段。

（1）高通平滑、低通锐化；平滑模糊、锐化突出图像细节
（2）滤波器还有带通、带阻等形式
（3）根据噪声（椒盐噪声、高斯噪声…）的不同，选用不同的滤波
（4）邻域有4-邻域、对角邻域、8-邻域，相对应的有邻接，即空间上相邻、像素灰度相似
（5）图像边缘处理：忽略不处理、补充、循环使用
（6）目前尚未图像处理大多基于灰度图像

二、快速亮通双边滤波器(FBPBF)简介

双边滤波是由Tomasi和Manduchi提出来的一种具有保持边缘和降噪效果的非线性滤波器，双边滤波采用基于高斯分布的加权平均的方法，用某个像素的周边像素亮度值的加权平均代表该点的强度．

2.1 亮通双边滤波器(BPBF)
亮通双边滤波(BPBF)是基于双边滤波的一种变体，可用于光照分量估计，相比于双边滤波，BPBF计算更复杂，但滤波效果更好，对细节的保持更精准．BPBF对图像V通道的光照分量估计的表达如下:

其中:f(i)表示HSV色彩空间的V通道;g(i)表示BPBF的输出;Ω是执行聚合的邻域．

其中，高斯空间核φ与单边高斯范围核ψ的表达如下:

其中:θ与σ分别是各自的标准差，一般而言，标准差越小，平滑的结果越不理想，标准差越大，平滑效果越好．

三、部分源代码

function varargout = demoUI(varargin)
% DEMOUI MATLAB code for demoUI.fig
%      DEMOUI, by itself, creates a new DEMOUI or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = DEMOUI returns the handle to a new DEMOUI or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      DEMOUI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in DEMOUI.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      DEMOUI('Property','Value',...) creates a new DEMOUI or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before demoUI_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to demoUI_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES


% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @demoUI_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @demoUI_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT


% --- Executes just before demoUI is made visible.
function demoUI_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to demoUI (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for demoUI
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes demoUI wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);


% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = demoUI_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;



function imagepath_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to imagepath (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of imagepath as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of imagepath as a double


% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function imagepath_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to imagepath (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end


% --- Executes on button press in browseButton.
function browseButton_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to browseButton (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
CallbackFcns browse;

% --- Executes on button press in loadButton.
function loadButton_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to loadButton (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
CallbackFcns load;

% --- Executes on button press in filterButton.
function filterButton_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to filterButton (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
CallbackFcns filter;

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4.
function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% --- Executes on slider movement.
function sliderS_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to sliderS (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'Value') returns position of slider
%        get(hObject,'Min') and get(hObject,'Max') to determine range of slider
CallbackFcns sigmas_slider;

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function sliderS_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to sliderS (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: slider controls usually have a light gray background.
if isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',[.9 .9 .9]);
end


% --- Executes on slider movement.
function sliderR_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to sliderR (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'Value') returns position of slider
%        get(hObject,'Min') and get(hObject,'Max') to determine range of slider
CallbackFcns sigmar_slider;

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function sliderR_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to sliderR (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: slider controls usually have a light gray background.
if isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',[.9 .9 .9]);
end


% --- Executes on selection change in listbox1.
function listbox1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns listbox1 contents as cell array
%        contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from listbox1


% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function listbox1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end



function editS_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editS (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of editS as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of editS as a double
CallbackFcns sigmas_edit;

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function editS_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editS (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end



function editR_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editR (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of editR as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of editR as a double
CallbackFcns sigmar_edit;

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function editR_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editR (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end


% --- Executes on button press in saveButton.
function saveButton_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to saveButton (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
CallbackFcns save;


% --- Executes on slider movement.
function sliderEps_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to sliderEps (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'Value') returns position of slider
%        get(hObject,'Min') and get(hObject,'Max') to determine range of slider
CallbackFcns eps_slider;

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function sliderEps_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to sliderEps (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: slider controls usually have a light gray background.
if isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor',[.9 .9 .9]);
end



function editEps_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editEps (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of editEps as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of editEps as a double
CallbackFcns eps_edit;

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function editEps_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to editEps (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end


  

 

  
1
  
2
  
3
  
4
  
5
  
6
  
7
  
8
  
9
  
10
  
11
  
12
  
13
  
14
  
15
  
16
  
17
  
18
  
19
  
20
  
21
  
22
  
23
  
24
  
25
  
26
  
27
  
28
  
29
  
30
  
31
  
32
  
33
  
34
  
35
  
36
  
37
  
38
  
39
  
40
  
41
  
42
  
43
  
44
  
45
  
46
  
47
  
48
  
49
  
50
  
51
  
52
  
53
  
54
  
55
  
56
  
57
  
58
  
59
  
60
  
61
  
62
  
63
  
64
  
65
  
66
  
67
  
68
  
69
  
70
  
71
  
72
  
73
  
74
  
75
  
76
  
77
  
78
  
79
  
80
  
81
  
82
  
83
  
84
  
85
  
86
  
87
  
88
  
89
  
90
  
91
  
92
  
93
  
94
  
95
  
96
  
97
  
98
  
99
  
100
  
101
  
102
  
103
  
104
  
105
  
106
  
107
  
108
  
109
  
110
  
111
  
112
  
113
  
114
  
115
  
116
  
117
  
118
  
119
  
120
  
121
  
122
  
123
  
124
  
125
  
126
  
127
  
128
  
129
  
130
  
131
  
132
  
133
  
134
  
135
  
136
  
137
  
138
  
139
  
140
  
141
  
142
  
143
  
144
  
145
  
146
  
147
  
148
  
149
  
150
  
151
  
152
  
153
  
154
  
155
  
156
  
157
  
158
  
159
  
160
  
161
  
162
  
163
  
164
  
165
  
166
  
167
  
168
  
169
  
170
  
171
  
172
  
173
  
174
  
175
  
176
  
177
  
178
  
179
  
180
  
181
  
182
  
183
  
184
  
185
  
186
  
187
  
188
  
189
  
190
  
191
  
192
  
193
  
194
  
195
  
196
  
197
  
198
  
199
  
200
  
201
  
202
  
203
  
204
  
205
  
206
  
207
  
208
  
209
  
210
  
211
  
212
  
213
  
214
  
215
  
216
  
217
  
218
  
219
  
220
  
221
  
222
  
223
  
224
  
225
  
226
  
227
  
228
  
229
  
230
  
231
  
232
  
233
  
234
  
235
  
236
  
237
  
238
  
239
  
240
  
241
  
242
  
243
  
244
  
245
  
246
  
247
  
248
  
249
  
250
  
251
  
252
  
253
  
254
  
255
  
256
  
257
  
258
  
259
  
260
  
261
  
262
  
263
  
264
  
265
  
266
  
267
  
268
  
269
  
270
  
271
  
272
  
273
  
274
  
275
  
276
  
277
  
278
  
279
  
280
  
281
  
282
  
283
  
284
  
285
  
286
  
287
  
288
 

四、运行结果

五、matlab版本及参考文献

1 matlab版本
2014a

2 参考文献
[1] 蔡利梅.MATLAB图像处理——理论、算法与实例分析[M].清华大学出版社，2020.
[2]杨丹,赵海滨,龙哲.MATLAB图像处理实例详解[M].清华大学出版社，2013.
[3]周品.MATLAB图像处理与图形用户界面设计[M].清华大学出版社，2013.
[4]刘成龙.精通MATLAB图像处理[M].清华大学出版社，2015.
[5]魏赟,欧阳鹏.基于快速亮通双边滤波器的Retinex图像增强算法[J].小型微型计算机系统. 2021,42(09)

文章来源: qq912100926.blog.csdn.net，作者：海神之光，版权归原作者所有，如需转载，请联系作者。

原文链接：qq912100926.blog.csdn.net/article/details/120585230