金鱼哥RHCA回忆录：RH236创建Brick

本章节学习和演示创建Brick，都是运用前比较重要的环节，而且要有LVM的基础上进行。

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创建过程：

disk ----> pv ----> vg ----> lv —> 格式化 ----> 挂载 ----> 导出

使用LVM瘦卷的其中一个原因：快照功能需要使用精简卷（瘦卷）支持

1. 创建lv

# pvcreate /dev/sdb 
# vgcreate -s 4M vg1 /dev/sdb

注：-s表示设置每个PE的大小，默认大小为4M，若底层PV采用RAID-6，则建议使用1280k

# lvcreate -L 10G -T vg1/pool

注：从vg1里划分10G的空间，作成一个瘦池，叫pool

-T，表示创建一个thinpool（精简池，瘦池）

所谓瘦池，就是说这个空间，将来是用多少占多少

# lvcreate -V 2G -T vg1/pool -n brick1 

注：从vg1/pool这个瘦池中划分2G的空间，创建一个lv，名字叫brick1

-V，表示这是一个虚拟空间，也就是从瘦池里分的空间，就是虚拟的

2. 格式化挂载

# mkfs.xfs -i size=512 /dev/mapper/vg1-brick1

#格式化成xfs

#-i，指定inode大小，默认大小265字节，官方建议512字节，（性能优化章节：Chapter 13. Configuring Red Hat Gluster Storage for Enhancing Performance，第243页）

# mkdir -p /brick/brick1 
# echo "/dev/mapper/vg1-brick1 /brick/brick1 xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab 
# mount -a 

3. 设置selinux

# semanage fcontext -a -t glusterd_brick_t /brick/brick1
# restorecon -Rv /bricks

4. 导出

不用手工导出brick，当创建volume的时候，会自动导出

注意：导出目录不能是挂载点，所以必须在挂载点下创建一个目录作为导出目录mkdir /brick/brick1/brick

课本练习

[student@workstation ~]$ lab setup-bricks setup 
Testing if server and serverb are ready for lab exercise work:
 • Testing if servera is reachable.............................  PASS
 • Testing if serverb is reachable.............................  PASS
 • Testing runtime firewall on servera for glusterfs...........  PASS
 • Testing permanent firewall on servera for glusterfs.........  PASS
 • Testing runtime firewall on serverb for glusterfs...........  PASS
 • Testing permanent firewall on serverb for glusterfs.........  PASS
 • Testing if glusterd is active on servera....................  PASS
 • Testing if glusterd is active on serverb....................  PASS
 • Testing if glusterd is active on servera....................  PASS
 • Testing if glusterd is active on serverb....................  PASS
 • Testing if both servera and serverb are in pool.............  PASS
Overall setup status:..........................................  PASS

1. 在vg_bricks卷组中创建一个10gib LVM瘦池，名为thinpool。

[root@servera ~]# pvs
  PV         VG        Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree 
  /dev/vdb   vg_bricks lvm2 a--  20.00g 20.00g

[root@servera ~]# vgs
  VG        #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree 
  vg_bricks   1   0   0 wz--n- 20.00g 20.00g

[root@servera ~]# lvcreate -L 10G -T vg_bricks/thinpool
  Logical volume "thinpool" created.

[root@servera ~]# lvs
  LV       VG        Attr       LSize  Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  thinpool vg_bricks twi-a-tz-- 10.00g             0.00   0.62

[root@serverb ~]# pvs
  PV         VG        Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree 
  /dev/vdb   vg_bricks lvm2 a--  20.00g 20.00g

[root@servera ~]# vgs
  VG        #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree 
  vg_bricks   1   0   0 wz--n- 20.00g 20.00g

[root@serverb ~]# lvcreate -L 10G -T vg_bricks/thinpool
  Logical volume "thinpool" created.

[root@serverb ~]# lvs
  LV       VG        Attr       LSize  Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  thinpool vg_bricks twi-a-tz-- 10.00g             0.00   0.62 

2. 使用vg_bricks/thinpool LVM瘦池创建一个虚拟大小为2 GiB的逻辑卷，分别称为brick-a1和brick-b1。

[root@servera ~]# lvcreate -V 2G -T vg_bricks/thinpool -n brick-a1
  Logical volume "brick-a1" created.
[root@servera ~]# lvs
  LV       VG        Attr       LSize  Pool     Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  brick-a1 vg_bricks Vwi-a-tz--  2.00g thinpool        0.00                                   
  thinpool vg_bricks twi-aotz-- 10.00g                 0.00   0.65

[root@serverb ~]# lvcreate -V 2G -T vg_bricks/thinpool -n brick-b1
  Logical volume "brick-b1" created.
[root@serverb ~]# lvs
  LV       VG        Attr       LSize  Pool     Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  brick-b1 vg_bricks Vwi-a-tz--  2.00g thinpool        0.00                                   
  thinpool vg_bricks twi-aotz-- 10.00g                 0.00   0.65

3. 在brick-a1和brick-b1逻辑卷上创建一个inode为512字节的XFS文件系统。

[root@servera ~]# mkfs.xfs -i size=512 /dev/vg_bricks/brick-a1 
meta-data=/dev/vg_bricks/brick-a1 isize=512    agcount=8, agsize=65520 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0        finobt=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=524160, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=16     swidth=16 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=16 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@serverb ~]# mkfs.xfs -i size=512 /dev/vg_bricks/brick-b1 
meta-data=/dev/vg_bricks/brick-b1 isize=512    agcount=8, agsize=65520 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0        finobt=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=524160, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=16     swidth=16 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=16 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

4. 分别创建目录/brick /brick-al和/brick /brick-b1，然后持久地挂载bricks。

[root@servera ~]# mkdir -p /bricks/brick-a1
[root@servera ~]# blkid
/dev/vda1: UUID="2460ab6e-e869-4011-acae-31b2e8c05a3b" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sr0: UUID="2016-03-04-05-19-32-00" LABEL="RHGSS-3.1.2 RHEL-7 RHGSS.x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos" 
/dev/vdb: UUID="KlhHmY-vcmo-8qHh-nkio-soPV-8yIS-zoQPpg" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/mapper/vg_bricks-brick--a1: UUID="7ac737ca-277a-40e7-bc95-52fa0dfae255" TYPE="xfs" 
[root@servera ~]# echo "UUID=7ac737ca-277a-40e7-bc95-52fa0dfae255 /bricks/brick-a1 xfs defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab 
[root@servera ~]# mount -a
[root@servera ~]# df -Th
Filesystem                      Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1                       xfs        10G  1.6G  8.5G  16% /
devtmpfs                        devtmpfs  902M     0  902M   0% /dev
tmpfs                           tmpfs     920M     0  920M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                           tmpfs     920M   25M  896M   3% /run
tmpfs                           tmpfs     920M     0  920M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs                           tmpfs     184M     0  184M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg_bricks-brick--a1 xfs       2.0G   33M  2.0G   2% /bricks/brick-a1

[root@serverb ~]# mkdir -p /bricks/brick-b1
[root@serverb ~]# blkid
/dev/vda1: UUID="2460ab6e-e869-4011-acae-31b2e8c05a3b" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/vdb: UUID="KlhHmY-vcmo-8qHh-nkio-soPV-8yIS-zoQPpg" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/mapper/vg_bricks-brick--b1: UUID="65d56a32-e951-49ea-b094-4b5bd292d8c5" TYPE="xfs" 
[root@serverb ~]# echo "UUID=65d56a32-e951-49ea-b094-4b5bd292d8c5 /bricks/brick-b1 xfs defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab
[root@serverb ~]# mount -a
[root@serverb ~]# df -Th
Filesystem                      Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1                       xfs        10G  1.7G  8.4G  17% /
devtmpfs                        devtmpfs  902M     0  902M   0% /dev
tmpfs                           tmpfs     920M     0  920M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                           tmpfs     920M  105M  816M  12% /run
tmpfs                           tmpfs     920M     0  920M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs                           tmpfs     184M     0  184M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg_bricks-brick--b1 xfs       2.0G   33M  2.0G   2% /bricks/brick-b1

5. 在servera和serverb上，在新bricks上创建/brick子目录。

[root@servera ~]# mkdir /bricks/brick-a1/brick

[root@serverb ~]# mkdir /bricks/brick-b1/brick

6. 为创建的brick目录配置默认的SELinux标签为glusterd_brick_t，然后重新标记bricks目录。

[root@servera ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t glusterd_brick_t /bricks/brick-a1/brick
[root@servera ~]# restorecon -Rv /bricks
restorecon reset /bricks/brick-a1 context system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0->system_u:object_r:default_t:s0
restorecon reset /bricks/brick-a1/brick context unconfined_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:glusterd_brick_t:s0

[root@serverb ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t glusterd_brick_t /bricks/brick-b1/brick
[root@serverb ~]# restorecon -Rv /bricks
restorecon reset /bricks/brick-b1 context system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0->system_u:object_r:default_t:s0
restorecon reset /bricks/brick-b1/brick context unconfined_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:glusterd_brick_t:s0

7. 评分脚本

[student@workstation ~]$ lab setup-bricks grade

总结

• 要确保LVM的基础知识，是创建brick的前提。

• 谨记需要配置thinpool（精简池，瘦池）。

RHCA认证需要经历5门的学习与考试，还是需要花不少时间去学习与备考的，好好加油，可以噶🤪。

以上就是【金鱼哥】对 第三章 配置红帽GLUSTER存储–创建Brick 的简述和讲解。希望能对看到此文章的小伙伴有所帮助。

💾红帽认证专栏系列：
RHCSA专栏：戏说 RHCSA 认证
RHCE专栏：戏说 RHCE 认证
此文章收录在RHCA专栏：RHCA 回忆录

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