Flutter：AnimatedOpacity 示例

本文是关于 Flutter 中的 AnimatedOpacity 小部件。

前言

顾名思义，AnimatedOpacity的目的是在给定的持续时间内为其子项的不透明度设置动画：

AnimatedOpacity({
  Key? key, 
  Widget? child, 
  required double opacity, 
  Curve curve = Curves.linear, 
  required Duration duration, 
  VoidCallback? onEnd, 
  bool alwaysIncludeSemantics = false
})

您可以使用曲线属性控制动画随时间变化的速率。在以下示例中，我们将使用：

• Curves.easeInOut：开始缓慢，加速，然后缓慢结束

• Curves.bounceInOut：幅度先增大后缩小

• Curves.elasticInOut：在超出范围时增长然后缩小

完整的例子

预览

我们要构建的示例应用程序有一个浮动按钮。第一次按下此按钮时，图片、琥珀色框和绿色框将从不可见变为完全可见。当第二次按下浮动按钮时，这些东西会从可见变为不可见。请注意，每个都有不同的动画曲线

编码

// main.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
​
void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}
​
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
        // Remove the debug banner
        debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
        title: '大前端之旅',
        theme: ThemeData(
          primarySwatch: Colors.indigo,
        ),
        home: const HomePage());
  }
}
​
class HomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  const HomePage({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
​
  @override
  HomePageState createState() => HomePageState();
}
​
class HomePageState extends State<HomePage> {
  // the opacity
  double _opacity = 0;
​
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(
          title: const Text("大前端之旅"),
        ),
        body: Column(
          children: [
            // Using Curves.easeInOut
            AnimatedOpacity(
              duration: const Duration(seconds: 3),
              curve: Curves.easeInOut,
              opacity: _opacity,
              child: Image.network(
                "https://luckly007.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/macimages/image-20220519080840931.png",
                fit: BoxFit.cover,
                width: 300,
                height: 300,
              ),
            ),
            // Using Curves.bounceIn
            AnimatedOpacity(
                duration: const Duration(seconds: 3),
                curve: Curves.bounceInOut,
                opacity: _opacity,
                child: Container(
                  width: double.infinity,
                  height: 200,
                  color: Colors.amber,
                  child: const Center(
                    child: Text(
                      'DY',
                      style: TextStyle(fontSize: 40, color: Colors.black),
                    ),
                  ),
                )),
            // Using Curves.elasticInOut
            Expanded(
              child: AnimatedOpacity(
                  duration: const Duration(seconds: 3),
                  curve: Curves.elasticInOut,
                  opacity: _opacity,
                  child: Container(
                    width: double.infinity,
                    color: Colors.green,
                    child: const Center(
                      child: Text(
                        'JG',
                        style: TextStyle(fontSize: 40, color: Colors.white),
                      ),
                    ),
                  )),
            ),
          ],
        ),
        // this button is used to trigger the transition
        floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton.extended(
          onPressed: () {
            setState(() {
              _opacity = _opacity == 0 ? 1 : 0;
            });
          },
          label: Text(_opacity == 0 ? 'Show' : 'Hide'),
        ));
  }
}
​

参考

• 不透明度（维基百科）

• AnimatedOpacity 类(flutter.dev)

• 曲线类(flutter.dev)

• 曲线类(flutter.dev)

后记

我们在本文使用 了AnimatedOpacity 。它使小部件的外观或离开更加自然和美丽。