HBase shell常用命令

1、建表语句：

Create a table with namespace=ns1 and table qualifier=t1
  hbase> create 'ns1:t1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}

Create a table with namespace=default and table qualifier=t1
  hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1'}, {NAME => 'f2'}, {NAME => 'f3'}
  hbase> # The above in shorthand would be the following:
  hbase> create 't1', 'f1', 'f2', 'f3'
  hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 1, TTL => 2592000, BLOCKCACHE => true}
  hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hstore.blockingStoreFiles' => '10'}}
  hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', IS_MOB => true, MOB_THRESHOLD => 1000000, MOB_COMPACT_PARTITION_POLICY => 'weekly'}
  
Table configuration options can be put at the end.
Examples:

  hbase> create 'ns1:t1', 'f1', SPLITS => ['10', '20', '30', '40']
  hbase> create 't1', 'f1', SPLITS => ['10', '20', '30', '40']
  hbase> create 't1', 'f1', SPLITS_FILE => 'splits.txt', OWNER => 'johndoe'
  hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}, METADATA => { 'mykey' => 'myvalue' }
  hbase> # Optionally pre-split the table into NUMREGIONS, using
  hbase> # SPLITALGO ("HexStringSplit", "UniformSplit" or classname)
  hbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit'}
  hbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit', REGION_REPLICATION => 2, CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hregion.scan.loadColumnFamiliesOnDemand' => 'true'}}
  hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', DFS_REPLICATION => 1}

You can also keep around a reference to the created table:

  hbase> t1 = create 't1', 'f1'

2、删表：

Here is some help for this command:
Drop the named table. Table must first be disabled:
  hbase> drop 't1'
  hbase> drop 'ns1:t1'
  You can sync delete table operation in peer clusters also:
  hbase> drop 't1', SYNC_PEER => true
  hbase> drop 'ns1:t1', SYNC_PEER => true

3、清空表数据：

Here is some help for this command:
  Disables, drops and recreates the specified table.
  hbase> truncate 't1'
  You can sync truncate table operation in peer clusters also:
  hbase> truncate 't1', SYNC_PEER => true 

4、保留分区清空表数据：

Here is some help for this command:
  Disables, drops and recreates the specified table while still maintaing the previous region boundaries.
  hbase> truncate_preserve 't1'

  You can sync truncate_preserve table operation in peer clusters also:
  hbase> truncate_preserve 't1', SYNC_PEER => true

5、Assign/Unassign操作：

assign:

Here is some help for this command:
Assign a region. Use with caution. If region already assigned,
this command will do a force reassign. For experts only.
Examples:

  hbase> assign 'REGIONNAME'
  hbase> assign 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME'

unassign:

Here is some help for this command:
Unassign a region. Unassign will close region in current location and then
reopen it again.  Pass 'true' to force the unassignment ('force' will clear
all in-memory state in master before the reassign. If results in
double assignment use hbck -fix to resolve. To be used by experts).
Use with caution.  For expert use only.  Examples:

  hbase> unassign 'REGIONNAME'
  hbase> unassign 'REGIONNAME', true
  hbase> unassign 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME'
  hbase> unassign 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME', true

6、split操作：

Here is some help for this command:
Split entire table or pass a region to split individual region.  With the 
second parameter, you can specify an explicit split key for the region.  
Examples:
    split 'tableName'
    split 'namespace:tableName'
    split 'regionName' # format: 'tableName,startKey,id'
    split 'tableName', 'splitKey'
    split 'regionName', 'splitKey'

7、Merge操作

NOTE: You must pass the encoded region name, not the full region name so
this command is a little different from other region operations.  The encoded
region name is the hash suffix on region names: e.g. if the region name were
TestTable,0094429456,1289497600452.527db22f95c8a9e0116f0cc13c680396. then
the encoded region name portion is 527db22f95c8a9e0116f0cc13c680396

Examples:

  hbase> merge_region 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME', 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME'
  hbase> merge_region 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME', 'ENCODED_REGIONNAME', true

8、hbase shell重定向：

echo "scan 'hbase:meta'" | hbase shell> out

9、查看HFile：

hbase org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.hfile.HFile -v -p -m -f HDSF文件路径

10、Bulkload指定：

hbase org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.ImportTsv -Dimporttsv.bulk.output=/tmp/bulkoutput -Dimporttsv.separator=',' -Dimporttsv.columns=HBASE_ROW_KEY,f:c1,f:c2 testBulkload /tmp/bulkdata hbase org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.LoadIncrementalHFiles </path/for/output> <tablename>

11、HBase hbck指令：

hbase hbck

检查hbase集群是否异常：

hbase hbck -details

检查并输出详细打印：

hbase hbck table1 table2

只检查table1、table2表