linux查看某个时间段的日志(sed -n)-史上最详细

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lxw1844912514 发表于 2022/03/27 00:46:01 2022/03/27
【摘要】 前言 在linux上查找日志的时候,如果我想找出某个时间段的日志,比如查找今天早上8点到下午2点的日志。 用grep不太方便直接过滤出来,可以使用sed根据时间去查找 sed -n ‘/开始时间日期/,/结束时间日期/p’ all.log 查找日志 比如下面这段日志,前面的时间格式都是类似 2019-10-21 07:...

前言

在linux上查找日志的时候,如果我想找出某个时间段的日志,比如查找今天早上8点到下午2点的日志。 用grep不太方便直接过滤出来,可以使用sed根据时间去查找

sed -n ‘/开始时间日期/,/结束时间日期/p’ all.log

查找日志

比如下面这段日志,前面的时间格式都是类似 2019-10-21 07:44:20


  
  1. 2019-10-24 21:33:31,678 [django.request:93] [base:get_response] [WARNING]- Not Found: /http:/123.125.114.144/
  2. 2019-10-24 21:33:31,679 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [WARNING]- "HEAD http://123.125.114.144/ HTTP/1.1" 404 1678
  3. 2019-10-24 22:14:04,121 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- code 400, message Bad request version ('HTTP')
  4. 2019-10-24 22:14:04,122 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [WARNING]- "GET ../../mnt/custom/ProductDefinition HTTP" 400 -
  5. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,052 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/login HTTP/1.1" 301 0
  6. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,123 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/login/ HTTP/1.1" 200 3876
  7. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,192 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/img/main_bg.png HTTP/1.1" 200 2801
  8. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,196 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/iconfont/style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 1638
  9. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,229 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/img/bg.jpg HTTP/1.1" 200 135990
  10. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,307 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/iconfont/fonts/icomoon.ttf?u4m6fy HTTP/1.1" 200 6900
  11. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,525 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "POST /api/login/ HTTP/1.1" 302 0
  12. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,618 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/index/ HTTP/1.1" 200 18447
  13. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,709 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/js/commons.js HTTP/1.1" 200 13209
  14. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,712 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/css/admin.css HTTP/1.1" 200 19660
  15. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,712 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/css/common.css HTTP/1.1" 200 1004
  16. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,714 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/js/app.js HTTP/1.1" 200 20844
  17. 2019-10-24 22:16:26,509 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/report_list/1/ HTTP/1.1" 200 14649
  18. 2019-10-24 22:16:51,496 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/test_list/1/ HTTP/1.1" 200 24874
  19. 2019-10-24 22:16:51,721 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "POST /api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0
  20. 2019-10-24 22:16:59,707 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/test_list/1/ HTTP/1.1" 200 24874
  21. 2019-10-24 22:16:59,909 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "POST /api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0
  22. 2019-10-24 22:17:01,306 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/edit_case/1/ HTTP/1.1" 200 36504
  23. 2019-10-24 22:17:06,265 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/add_project/ HTTP/1.1" 200 17737
  24. 2019-10-24 22:17:07,825 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/project_list/1/ HTTP/1.1" 200 29789
  25. 2019-10-24 22:17:13,116 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/add_config/ HTTP/1.1" 200 24816
  26. 2019-10-24 22:17:19,671 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/config_list/1/ HTTP/1.1" 200 19532

比如我要查找上面的从 2019-10-24 22:16:212019-10-24 22:16:59 这个时间段的日志

sed -n ‘/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-24 22:16:59/p’ all.log


  
  1. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-24 22:16:59/p' all.log
  2. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,052 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/login HTTP/1.1" 301 0
  3. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,123 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/login/ HTTP/1.1" 200 3876
  4. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,192 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/img/main_bg.png HTTP/1.1" 200 2801
  5. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,196 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/iconfont/style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 1638
  6. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,229 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/img/bg.jpg HTTP/1.1" 200 135990
  7. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,307 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/iconfont/fonts/icomoon.ttf?u4m6fy HTTP/1.1" 200 6900
  8. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,525 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "POST /api/login/ HTTP/1.1" 302 0
  9. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,618 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/index/ HTTP/1.1" 200 18447
  10. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,709 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/js/commons.js HTTP/1.1" 200 13209
  11. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,712 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/css/admin.css HTTP/1.1" 200 19660
  12. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,712 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/css/common.css HTTP/1.1" 200 1004
  13. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,714 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /static/assets/js/app.js HTTP/1.1" 200 20844
  14. 2019-10-24 22:16:26,509 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/report_list/1/ HTTP/1.1" 200 14649
  15. 2019-10-24 22:16:51,496 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/test_list/1/ HTTP/1.1" 200 24874
  16. 2019-10-24 22:16:51,721 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "POST /api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0
  17. 2019-10-24 22:16:59,707 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/test_list/1/ HTTP/1.1" 200 24874
  18. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]#

看起来使用很简单,但是会有很大坑,比如时间后面的/p不能漏掉了

遇到的坑

开始时间和结束时间必须要是日志里面有的,要是没有的时间,那查找就没有结果,这个我也被坑过,看网上的教程都是这句,但评论里面总有人说没成功。 后来经过实践,指令是没有问题的,只是开始时间和结束时间必须要是日志里面有才行。

如果开始时间日志里面是没有的,那么查询结果为空,比如开始时间没有2019-10-24 22:16:22

sed -n ‘/2019-10-24 22:16:22/,/2019-10-24 22:16:59/p’ all.log

如果结束时间日志里面是没有的,查询的结果就是开始时间到最后的全部日志

sed -n ‘/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-24 22:16:58/p’ all.log

模糊查询

如果不知道日志的开始时间,不能精确到秒,可以用模糊查询,比如查询时间段2019-10-24 22:14 到 2019-10-24 22:16

sed -n ‘/2019-10-24 22:14:*/,/2019-10-24 22:16:*/p’ all.log


  
  1. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:14:*/,/2019-10-24 22:16:*/p' all.log
  2. 2019-10-24 22:14:04,121 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- code 400, message Bad request version ('HTTP')
  3. 2019-10-24 22:14:04,122 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [WARNING]- "GET ../../mnt/custom/ProductDefinition HTTP" 400 -
  4. 2019-10-24 22:16:21,052 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "GET /api/login HTTP/1.1" 301 0
  5. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]#

也可以按小时模糊查询

sed -n ‘/2019-10-24 21*/,/2019-10-24 22*/p’ all.log

结合grep查询

sed 也可以结合 grep 使用,比如我查询上面日志某个时间段的带有 POST 的日志行

sed -n ‘/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-21 20:16:58/p’ all.log | grep POST


  
  1. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-21 20:16:58/p' all.log | grep post
  2. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-21 20:16:58/p' all.log | grep POST
  3. 2019-10-24 22:16:23,525 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "POST /api/login/ HTTP/1.1" 302 0
  4. 2019-10-24 22:16:51,721 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "POST /api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0
  5. 2019-10-24 22:16:59,909 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "POST /api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0
  6. 2019-10-24 22:17:19,864 [django.server:124] [basehttp:log_message] [INFO]- "POST /api/add_case/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0
  7. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]#

日志导出

我们可以查询某个时间段的日志,导出到本地

sed -n ‘/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-21 20:16:58/p’ all.log > yoyo.log


  
  1. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# sed -n '/2019-10-24 22:16:21/,/2019-10-21 20:16:58/p' all.log > yoyo.log
  2. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]# ll
  3. total 1740
  4. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1907 Oct 24 22:54 11.txt
  5. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1081515 Oct 24 23:04 all.log
  6. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 686962 Oct 24 23:04 script.log
  7. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3053 Oct 24 23:08 yoyo.log
  8. [root@VM_0_2_centos logs]#

文章来源: blog.csdn.net,作者:lxw1844912514,版权归原作者所有,如需转载,请联系作者。

原文链接:blog.csdn.net/lxw1844912514/article/details/115541738

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