Django的Serializer和ModelSerializer

ModelSerializer

• 先使用ModelSerializer测试一下结果，例：

  # models.py
  ######
  from django.db.models import Model, CharField, BooleanField, ForeignKey
  
  class TestModel(User):
      name = CharField(max_length=64, name='name')
  
  class TestModel(Model):
      status = BooleanField(default=False, name='status')
      user = ForeignKey(User, db_column="user_id", name='user', on_delete=CASCADE,
                               related_name="user_test")
  
  ######
  
  # seriailzer.py
  ######
  from models import TestModel
  from rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializer, IntegerField, Serializer
  from rest_framework.serializers import SerializerMethodField
  
  class TestSerializer(ModelSerializer):
      user = IntegerField(required=False)
      status = SerializerMethodField()
      
      class Meta:
          model = TestModel
          fields = ("id", "status", "uesr")
      
  

• 把外键user设置为了非必填，但是现在去调用post接口就会发现user依然是必填的，会提示

  {
      "detail": "This field is required.",
      "sub_detail": {
          "user": [
              "This field is required."
          ]
      }
  }
  

Serializer

• 再使用Serializer测试一下结果。
• 代码就不贴了，直接把serializer.py文件中的class TestSerializer(ModelSerializer):改为class TestSerializer(Serializer):就可以了
• 这时就会发现再次调用接口就不会再出现问题了

区别

• ModelSerializer类和Serializer类大致一样，不过添加了一些功能，可以更加便捷的去校验model中的数据.
  ModelSerializer会基于 model 自动创建一些字段
  ModelSerializer会自动生成一些验证，比如 unique_together 验证
  ModelSerializer包含简单的默认的 create() 和 update()

• 参考链接：Serializer和ModelSerializer