使用rman备份恢复迁移数据库Oracle 11.2.0.4到新机器并使用AutoUpgrade自动升级到12.2.0.1版本
【摘要】 前言 环境介绍 源端准备 源端全备 拷贝全备文件+密码文件+tnsnames.ora+sqlnet.ora到目标端 目标端恢复全备 源端增量备份 目标端恢复增量备份 目标端PSU升级 目标端升级(核心步骤) 升级后操作 总结 前言在最近的项目里，客户有2套11.2.0.4的数据库，需要迁移上云，数据量较大（一个600g，一个2T），停机时间6小时以内，还有很多其它的库需要同时切割，目前想到...
前言
在最近的项目里，客户有2套11.2.0.4的数据库，需要迁移上云，数据量较大（一个600g，一个2T），停机时间6小时以内，还有很多其它的库需要同时切割，目前想到的迁移方案有：
1、XTTS进行全量+增量迁移。
缺点：物理迁移，在最后一次增量的时候，源端数据库需要设置为只读模式，只能读，不能写。云端数据库在最后一次增量之前都不能使用。
由于客户需要提前做POC测试，而且网络不是直达的，需要经过中转机，所以，该方案放弃。
2、使用数据泵+OGG方式。
缺点：逻辑迁移，对于特殊的列不能同步（例如long列），需要正式切割前进行大量的实验观察，否则可能造成个别数据不一致。
这个方案，我想着使用OGG的微服务会比较好，结果安装了好几个版本的OGG微服务（从12.3到21.3），兼容性都不支持11.2.0.4，无奈只能放弃！
3、进行全量+增量的rman备份恢复，最后做数据字典升级。可以使用手动脚本升级，也可以使用DBUA升级，也可以使用最新的AutoUpgrade工具升级。
缺点：数据字典升级时间稍微长点，预估1~2小时左右，但可控在切割时间内。
优点：方案成熟，变数少，可以做压缩备份，减少中间网络传输的时间。
本文我们使用方案3来做演练，升级方式选择AutoUpgrade工具。
环境介绍
docker rm -f lhrora11204
docker run -itd --name lhrora11204 -h lhrora11204 \
--privileged=true \
lhrbest/oracle_11g_ee_lhr_11.2.0.4:2.0 init
docker rm -f lhrora1221
docker run -itd --name lhrora1221 -h lhrora1221 \
--privileged=true \
lhrbest/oracle_12cr2_ee_lhr_12.2.0.1:2.0 init
参考文档：
-
手动升级到 Non-CDB Oracle Database 12c Release 2（12.2）的完整核对清单 (Doc ID 2297983.1、2173141.1)
-
使用 DBUA 升级数据库到 Database 12c 版本2（12.2）的完整核对清单 (Doc ID 2364820.1、2189854.1)
源端准备
-- 1、升级JDK到1.8
yum install -y java-1.8.0-openjdk*
-- 2、创建并编辑config文件
java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -create_sample_file config
##参照生成的config文件，编写config
cat >/tmp/config122.cfg <<"EOF"
# Global configurations
global.autoupg_log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade
# Database number 1 - Full DB/CDB upgrade
upg1.log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee # Path of the log directory for the upgrade job
upg1.sid=LHR11G # ORACLE_SID of the source DB/CDB
upg1.source_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1 # Path of the source ORACLE_HOME
upg1.target_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1 # Path of the target ORACLE_HOME
upg1.start_time=NOW # Optional. [NOW | +XhYm (X hours, Y minutes after launch) | dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss]
upg1.upgrade_node=lhrora11204 # Optional. To find out the name of your node, run the hostname utility. Default is 'localhost'
upg1.run_utlrp=yes # Optional. Whether or not to run utlrp after upgrade
upg1.timezone_upg=yes # Optional. Whether or not to run the timezone upgrade
upg1.target_version=12.2 # Oracle version of the target ORACLE_HOME. Only required when the target Oracle database version is 12.2
EOF
-- 3、升级前源库进行分析检查，Notes：可以通过 lsj 命令查看当前JOB的运行情况。
java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -config /tmp/config122.cfg -mode analyze
-- 4、升级前源库执行修复脚本，Notes：可以通过 status -job 101 命令查看当前JOB的运行情况。
-- 这个操作会替代之前很多的手工操作，例如删除EM，OLAP AMD，情况回收站等！！
java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -config /tmp/config122.cfg -mode fixups
-- 源端删除APEX
@?/apex/apxremov.sql
-- 检查是否有和SDO_GEOMETRY关联的表
col owner format a15
col table_name format a30
col column_name format a30
SELECT owner,table_name,column_name FROM dba_tab_columns WHERE data_type = 'SDO_GEOMETRY' AND owner != 'MDSYS' ORDER BY 1,2,3;
-- RECOVERY_AREA 配置大点
alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=10g;
-- 组件状态
col COMP_ID for a10
col COMP_NAME for a40
col VERSION for a15
col status for a15
set lines 180
set pages 999
select COMP_ID,COMP_NAME,VERSION,STATUS from dba_registry;
看来，源库不需要做任何操作。
源端全备
-- 开启bct
alter database enable block change tracking using file '/home/oracle/bct.log';
select * from v$block_change_tracking;
run
{
backup INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 as compressed backupset database format '/home/oracle/bk/%d%U.full';
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/bk/%d%U.arc';
backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/bk/%d%U.ctl';
}
拷贝全备文件+密码文件+tnsnames.ora+sqlnet.ora到目标端
scp /home/oracle/bk/* oracle@172.17.0.67:/home/oracle/bk/
scp $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/* oracle@172.17.0.67:/home/oracle/bk/
scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/* oracle@172.17.0.67:/home/oracle/bk/
目标端恢复全备
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/LHR11G/adump
export ORACLE_SID=LHR11G
startup force nomount
restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/bk/LHR11G0v0g6vm8_1_1.ctl';
alter database mount;
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 8 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
restore database;
recover database;
注意，如果从这里重新做还原恢复操作，那么应该注意以下内容：
1、删除之前闪回恢复区中的所有文件，否则会自动注册闪回恢复区中的归档文件，会引起恢复错误！！！
源端增量备份
create table lhr.test1207 as select * from dba_objects;
run
{
backup INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 as compressed backupset database format '/home/oracle/bk/%d%U_inc.full';
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/bk/%d%U_inc.arc';
backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/bk/%d%U_inc.ctl';
}
scp /home/oracle/bk/* oracle@172.17.0.67:/home/oracle/bk/
目标端恢复增量备份
catalog start with '/home/oracle/bk/';
recover database;
alter database open resetlogs;
startup upgrade;
目标端PSU升级
如果不升级，会报错：
[oracle@lhrora1221 employee]$ $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -config /tmp/config122.cfg -mode upgrade
AutoUpgrade 21.3.211115 launched with default options
Processing config file ...
+--------------------------------+
| Starting AutoUpgrade execution |
+--------------------------------+
1 databases will be processed
Type 'help' to list console commands
upg>
-------------------------------------------------
Errors in database [LHR11G]
Stage [DBUPGRADE]
Operation [STOPPED]
Status [ERROR]
Info [
Error: UPG-1411
Invalid version /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/ of catctl.pl for AutoUpgrade; patch the target home
Cause: Invalid version of catctl.pl and catctl.pm
For further details, see the log file located at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100/autoupgrade_20211207_user.log]
-------------------------------------------------
Logs: [/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100/autoupgrade_20211207_user.log]
-------------------------------------------------
2021-12-07 04:38:59.555 ERROR Invalid version /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/ of catctl.pl for AutoUpgrade; patch the target home
2021-12-07 04:38:59.567 ERROR Exception Error in Database Upgrade [LHR11G]
2021-12-07 04:38:59.621 ERROR lhr11g Return status is ERROR
2021-12-07 04:38:59.629 ERROR Dispatcher failed: AutoUpgException [UPG-1411#Invalid version /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/ of catctl.pl for AutoUpgrade; patch the target home]
2021-12-07 04:38:59.641 ERROR Dispatcher failed:
Error: UPG-1411
Invalid version /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/ of catctl.pl for AutoUpgrade; patch the target home
Cause: Invalid version of catctl.pl and catctl.pm
[oracle@lhrora1221 employee]$ $ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -error_code UPG-1411
ERROR1411.ERROR = UPG-1411
ERROR1411.CAUSE = Invalid version of catctl.pl and catctl.pm
解决办法：打最新的PSU补丁。
su - oracle
unzip -d $ORACLE_HOME /soft/p6880880_210000_Linux-x86-64.zip
cd /soft/
unzip p33261817_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip
cd 33261817
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
shutdown immediate
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply
chown oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/bin/extjobO
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
[oracle@lhrora1221 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
33261817;Database Oct 2021 Release Update : 12.2.0.1.211019 (33261817)
OPatch succeeded.
目标端升级(核心步骤)
1、执行升级命令
cat >/tmp/config122.cfg <<"EOF"
# Global configurations
global.autoupg_log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade
global.catctl_options=-n 24
# Database number 1 - Full DB/CDB upgrade
upg1.log_dir=/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/job # Path of the log directory for the upgrade job
upg1.sid=LHR11G # ORACLE_SID of the source DB/CDB
upg1.source_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1 # Path of the source ORACLE_HOME
upg1.target_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1 # Path of the target ORACLE_HOME
upg1.start_time=NOW # Optional. [NOW | +XhYm (X hours, Y minutes after launch) | dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss]
upg1.upgrade_node=localhost # Optional. To find out the name of your node, run the hostname utility. Default is 'localhost'
upg1.run_utlrp=yes # Optional. Whether or not to run utlrp after upgrade
upg1.timezone_upg=yes # Optional. Whether or not to run the timezone upgrade
upg1.target_version=12.2 # Oracle version of the target ORACLE_HOME. Only required when the target Oracle database version is 12.2
upg1.catctl_options=-n 24
EOF
-- 升级的核心命令
rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/
$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin/java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -config /tmp/config122.cfg -mode upgrade
[oracle@lhrora1221 ~]$ ps -ef|grep upgrade
oracle 9447 6241 99 11:30 pts/12 00:01:23 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -config /tmp/config122.cfg -mode upgrade
oracle 9570 9447 1 11:31 pts/12 00:00:00 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/perl/bin/perl /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/catctl.pl -A -l /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/job/LHR11G/100/dbupgrade -i 20211208033059lhr11g -d /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin -n 8 catupgrd.sql
oracle 9800 9743 0 11:31 pts/14 00:00:00 grep --color=auto upgrade
-- 这里的-n依然为8，很奇怪
-- （可选）增加在线Redo日志，最后升级完成后删除
alter database add logfile '' size 50m;
Notes：执行升级过程中，可以通过 lsj 和 status -job 102 来检查升级情况。
upg> lsj
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+-----------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED| MESSAGE|
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+-----------+
| 100| LHR11G|DBUPGRADE|EXECUTING|RUNNING|21/12/07 04:54|06:31:05|1%Upgraded |
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+-----------+
Total jobs 1
upg> status -job 100
Progress
-----------------------------------
Start time: 21/12/07 04:54
Elapsed (min): 99
End time: N/A
Last update: 2021-12-07T06:31:05.708
Stage: DBUPGRADE
Operation: EXECUTING
Status: RUNNING
Pending stages: 7
Stage summary:
SETUP <1 min
DBUPGRADE <1 min
Job Logs Locations
-----------------------------------
Logs Base: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G
Job logs: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100
Stage logs: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100/dbupgrade
TimeZone: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/temp
Additional information
-----------------------------------
Details:
[Upgrading] is [1%] completed for [lhr11g]
+---------+------------+
|CONTAINER| PERCENTAGE|
+---------+------------+
| LHR11G|UPGRADE [1%]|
+---------+------------+
Error Details:
None
或者通过python来创建一个HTTPServer网页来监控升级情况：
cd /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto
nohup python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80 &
打开网页，输入：http://172.17.0.4:80/state.html，网页会自动刷新执行情况：
等待升级完成即可，时间大概1-2小时，跟数据库组件的个数、类型和是否含有特殊组件有关。
也可以查看告警日志、组件的状态来预估升级的进度，升级时间的长短和组件的个数相关！
upg> lsj
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED| MESSAGE|
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+------------+
| 100| LHR11G|DBUPGRADE|EXECUTING|RUNNING|21/12/07 04:54|07:16:09|90%Upgraded |
+----+-------+---------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+------------+
Total jobs 1
SYS@LHR11G> select COMP_ID,COMP_NAME,VERSION,STATUS from dba_registry;
COMP_ID COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS
---------- ---------------------------------------- --------------- ---------------
CATALOG Oracle Database Catalog Views 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
CATPROC Oracle Database Packages and Types 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
JAVAVM JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
XML Oracle XDK 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
CATJAVA Oracle Database Java Packages 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
APS OLAP Analytic Workspace 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
XOQ Oracle OLAP API 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
OWM Oracle Workspace Manager 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
CONTEXT Oracle Text 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
XDB Oracle XML Database 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
ORDIM Oracle Multimedia 11.2.0.4.0 UPGRADING
SDO Spatial 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
APEX Oracle Application Express 3.2.1.00.12 VALID
13 rows selected.
upg> lsj
+----+-------+----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+-------------+
|Job#|DB_NAME| STAGE|OPERATION| STATUS| START_TIME| UPDATED| MESSAGE|
+----+-------+----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+-------------+
| 100| LHR11G|POSTFIXUPS|EXECUTING|RUNNING|21/12/07 04:54|07:50:35|Remaining 3/4|
+----+-------+----------+---------+-------+--------------+--------+-------------+
Total jobs 1
upg> Job 100 completed
------------------- Final Summary --------------------
Number of databases [ 1 ]
Jobs finished [1]
Jobs failed [0]
Jobs pending [0]
Please check the summary report at:
/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.html
/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.log
[oracle@lhrora1221 ~]$ more /tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade/auto/status/status.log
==========================================
Autoupgrade Summary Report
==========================================
[Date] Tue Dec 07 07:54:47 UTC 2021
[Number of Jobs] 1
==========================================
[Job ID] 100
==========================================
[DB Name] LHR11G
[Version Before Upgrade] 11.2.0.4.0
[Version After Upgrade] 12.2
------------------------------------------
[Stage Name] DBUPGRADE
[Status] FAILURE
[Start Time] 2021-12-07 06:24:58
[Duration] 1:22:34
[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100/dbupgrade
------------------------------------------
[Stage Name] POSTCHECKS
[Status] SUCCESS
[Start Time] 2021-12-07 07:47:33
[Duration] 0:00:16
[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100/postchecks
[Detail] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100/postchecks/lhr11g_postupgrade.log
------------------------------------------
[Stage Name] POSTFIXUPS
[Status] SUCCESS
[Start Time] 2021-12-07 07:47:49
[Duration] 0:06:57
[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100/postfixups
------------------------------------------
[Stage Name] SYSUPDATES
[Status] SUCCESS
[Start Time] 2021-12-07 07:54:46
[Duration] 0:00:00
[Log Directory] /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100/sysupdates
------------------------------------------
Upgrade Summary: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/employee/LHR11G/100/dbupgrade/upg_summary.log
升级后操作
-- 解决ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol
cat >> $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora <<"EOF"
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=10
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=10
EOF
select count(1) from dba_objects where status='INVALID';
alter system set compatible='12.2.0' scope=spfile;
-- 升级timezone
unzip DBMS_DST_scriptsV1.9.zip
cd DBMS_DST_scriptsV1.9
@upg_tzv_check.sql
@upg_tzv_apply.sql
SELECT version FROM v$timezone_file;
alter system checkpoint;
select * from v$log;
alter database drop logfile group 7;
col COMP_ID for a10
col COMP_NAME for a40
col VERSION for a15
col status for a15
set lines 180
set pages 999
select COMP_ID,COMP_NAME,VERSION,STATUS from dba_registry;
最后组件的状态：
SYS@LHR11G> select COMP_ID,COMP_NAME,VERSION,STATUS from dba_registry;
COMP_ID COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS
---------- ---------------------------------------- --------------- ---------------
CATALOG Oracle Database Catalog Views 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
CATPROC Oracle Database Packages and Types 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
JAVAVM JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
XML Oracle XDK 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
CATJAVA Oracle Database Java Packages 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
APS OLAP Analytic Workspace 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
OWM Oracle Workspace Manager 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
CONTEXT Oracle Text 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
XDB Oracle XML Database 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
ORDIM Oracle Multimedia 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
SDO Spatial 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
XOQ Oracle OLAP API 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
APEX Oracle Application Express 5.0.4.00.12 VALID
使用rman全备+增备+dbupgrade成功异机升级到12.2.0.1.
总体来说，使用AutoUpgrade自动升级比手动或dbua升级要省事的多！
总结
1、在源端删除不必要的组件，会加快升级的速度，例如APEX（Oracle Application Express）可以删掉，对于Spatial需要保证无数据，否则也很耗费时间，可以考虑删除OE用户，或删除example表空间：
[oracle@lhrora1221 tmp]$ more /tmp/employee/LHR11G/100/dbupgrade/upg_summary.log
Oracle Database 12.2 Post-Upgrade Status Tool 12-07-2021 23:06:30
Component Current Version Elapsed Time
Name Status Number HH:MM:SS
Oracle Server UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:26:23
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:09:01
Oracle Workspace Manager UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:02:54
OLAP Analytic Workspace UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:00:46
Oracle OLAP API UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:00:30
Oracle XDK UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:00:51
Oracle Text UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:01:37
Oracle XML Database UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:04:14
Oracle Database Java Packages UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:00:19
Oracle Multimedia UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:07:06
Spatial UPGRADED 12.2.0.1.0 00:38:30
Oracle Application Express UPGRADED 5.0.4.00.12 00:34:24
Final Actions 00:06:43
Post Upgrade 00:07:32
Total Upgrade Time: 02:21:13
Database time zone version is 14. It is older than current release time
zone version 26. Time zone upgrade is needed using the DBMS_DST package.
Grand Total Upgrade Time: [0d:2h:45m:44s]
SYS@LHR11G> col owner format a15
SYS@LHR11G> col table_name format a30
SYS@LHR11G> col column_name format a30
SYS@LHR11G> SELECT owner,table_name,column_name FROM dba_tab_columns WHERE data_type = 'SDO_GEOMETRY' AND owner != 'MDSYS' ORDER BY 1,2,3;
OWNER TABLE_NAME COLUMN_NAME
--------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
OE CUSTOMERS CUST_GEO_LOCATION
OE WAREHOUSES WH_GEO_LOCATION
SYS@LHR11G> drop user oe cascade;
User dropped.
2、重新从全备开始测试时，记得删除目标库上的闪回空间中内容，否则会导致恢复出现问题。
3、重新跑升级脚本时，记得删除之前的日志目录，或先备份再删除目录。
4、查看autoupgrade的版本：
[oracle@lhrora1221 ~]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -version |grep build.version
build.version 21.3.211115
[oracle@lhrora1221 ~]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -version
build.hash 081e3f7
build.version 21.3.211115
build.date 2021/11/15 11:57:54
build.max_target_version 21
build.supported_target_versions 12.2,18,19,21
build.type production
5、DBA自己控制并行度：
#------------------------------------------#
# Global Parameters
#------------------------------------------#
# Available catctl.pl options:
#
# -n Number of processes to use for parallel operations. For Replay upgrades, the number of parallel processes used for the upgrade defaults to the value of (CPU_COUNT divided by 4) . For Classic upgrades, the default for CDB$ROOT is 8.
# -N Number of processors to use when upgrading PDBs. For Replay upgrades, the number of parallel processes used for the upgrade defaults to the value of (CPU_COUNT divided by 4) For Classic upgrades, the default is 2
# -t Run SQL in Classic upgrade overwriting default Replay upgrade method
# -T Takes offline user schema-based table spaces.
# -z Turns on production debugging information for catcon.pm.
global.catctl_options=-t -n 24 -N 4
但是，我配置后感觉没有起到作用，并行度依然是8，有点奇怪，可能还有啥机制吧！
[oracle@lhrora1221 ~]$ ps -ef|grep upgrade
oracle 9447 6241 99 11:30 pts/12 00:01:23 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java -jar /home/oracle/autoupgrade.jar -config /tmp/config122.cfg -mode upgrade
oracle 9570 9447 1 11:31 pts/12 00:00:00 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/perl/bin/perl /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/catctl.pl -A -l /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/autoupgrade/job/LHR11G/100/dbupgrade -i 20211208033059lhr11g -d /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin -n 8 catupgrd.sql
oracle 9800 9743 0 11:31 pts/14 00:00:00 grep --color=auto upgrade
6、升级的核心命令不要放后台执行，容易出现问题！意思就是不要用nohup和&放后台执行，问题比较多。
7、从可控角度来说，感觉AutoUpgrade没有手工执行的DBA可控性强！AutoUpgrade就把手工需要跑的内容集合在一块了，更像一个黑匣子了！
8、最后升级脚本的时间跟数据库组件的个数、类型和是否含有特殊组件有关，另外也跟机器性能也有一定的关系，我在云主机上测试的，30分钟即可升级完毕。
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