如何将硬盘分区成GPT格式
【摘要】
基于GPT格式的磁盘分区
MBR分区标准决定了MBR的硬盘,为了支持能使用大于2T硬盘空间,需使用GPT格式进行分区。创建大于2TB的分区,需使用parted工具。 MBR是Master Boot Re...
基于GPT格式的磁盘分区
- MBR分区标准决定了MBR的硬盘,为了支持能使用大于2T硬盘空间,需使用GPT格式进行分区。创建大于2TB的分区,需使用parted工具。
MBR是Master Boot Record的简称,也就是主引导记录,是位于磁盘最前边的一段引 导(Loader)代码,主要用来引导操作系统的加载与启动
特点:
- MBR支持最大2TB磁盘,它无法处理大于2TB容量的磁盘
- 只支持最多4个主分区。若想要更多分区,需要创建扩展分区,并在其中创建逻辑分区
GPT磁盘是指使用GUID分区表的磁盘,GUID磁盘分区表(GUID Partition Table,缩写:GPT)其含义为“全局唯一标识磁盘分区表”,是一个实体硬盘的分区表的结构布局的标准
特点:
- GPT对磁盘大小没有限制
- 最多可以创建128个分区
在企业真实环境中,通常一台服务器有多块硬盘,整个硬盘容量为10T,需要基于GTP格式对10T硬盘进行分区,操作步骤如下:
- 确认是否有parted命令
[root@localhost ~]# which parted
/usr/sbin/parted 这里安装的有,我们直接使用
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install parted 如果没有,需要安装parted 命令
- Parted 命令分为两种模式:命令行模式和交互模式。
- 命令模式:
parted -s /dev/sdb mklabel gpt 设置分区类型为gpt格式;
mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb 基于Ext3文件系统类型格式化;
mount /dev/sdb /data/ 挂载/dev/sdb设备至/data/目录。
- 交互模式:
parted 直接进入
select /dev/sdb 选择/dev/sdb磁盘
mklabel gpt 格式类型为gpt
mkpart primary 0 -1 将整块磁盘分一个分区
print 打印刚分区的磁盘信息
quit 退出
mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 格式化磁盘
moun /dev/sdb1 /data/ 挂在
- 详细操作情况
[root@localhost ~]# parted
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p #打印磁盘信息
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 211MB 210MB primary xfs boot
2 211MB 751MB 540MB primary lvm
3 751MB 32.2GB 31.5GB primary xfs
(parted) select /dev/sdb #选择空的磁盘
Using /dev/sdb
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
(parted) mklabel gpt #用GPT分区,支持2T以上的硬盘
Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on
this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue?
Yes/No? yes 输入yes
(parted) mkpart primary 0 -1 -1 #将整块磁盘分为1个分区 1表示从最开始分区,也可以用百分比表示
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel?
Ignore/Cancel? ignore
(parted) print #打印刚分好的分区
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 17.4kB 21.5GB 21.5GB primary
(parted) quit
-
将磁盘分成多个分区
(parted) mkpart primary File system type? [ext2]? ext4 #选择文件系统类型 Start? 1024 #分区开始位置 End? 2048 #分区结束位置 Error: Partition(s) 1, 2, 3 on /dev/sda have been written, but we have been unable to inform the kernel of the change, probably because it/they are in use. As a result, the old partition(s) will remain in use. You should reboot now before making further changes. Ignore/Cancel? ignore (parted) p Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 32.2GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1024MB 2048MB 1023MB primary (parted) mkpart primary File system type? [ext2]? ext3 Start? 0 End? 1023 Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance. Ignore/Cancel? ignore Error: Partition(s) 1, 2, 3 on /dev/sda have been written, but we have been unable to inform the kernel of the change, probably because it/they are in use. As a result, the old partition(s) will remain in use. You should reboot now before making further changes. Ignore/Cancel? ignore (parted) p Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 32.2GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 2 17.4kB 1023MB 1023MB primary 1 1024MB 2048MB 1023MB primary (parted) mkpart exclude File system type? [ext2]? ext3 Start? 2049 End? 4096 Error: Partition(s) 1, 2, 3 on /dev/sda have been written, but we have been unable to inform the kernel of the change, probably because it/they are in use. As a result, the old partition(s) will remain in use. You should reboot now before making further changes. Ignore/Cancel? ignore (parted) p Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 32.2GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 2 17.4kB 1023MB 1023MB primary 1 1024MB 2048MB 1023MB primary 3 2049MB 4096MB 2047MB exclude (parted)
-
如果创建错误,需要删除错误分区
(parted) select /dev/sdb Using /dev/sdb (parted) p Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 17.4kB 21.5GB 21.5GB primary (parted) rm 1 (parted) p
总结
- 磁盘格式化、挂载 参考上期文章
linux 磁盘分区管理
linux磁盘分区管理
文章来源: rivers.blog.csdn.net,作者:宝山的博客,版权归原作者所有,如需转载,请联系作者。
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