Python画图基础操作之全注释画多啦A梦叮当猫
【摘要】
一步步教你怎么用Python画多啦A梦叮当猫，进一步熟悉Python的基础画图操作。
分析：叮当猫由头、脸、眼、眼珠、鼻子、嘴、胡子、项带、铃当、身子、围嘴、手臂、手、脚组成。 其中：头、脸、眼、眼珠、鼻子、嘴、胡子组成一个部件；其余元件组成一个部件。废话不多说，上代码。
希望您给个关注给个赞，也算对我们的支持了。
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一步步教你怎么用Python画多啦A梦叮当猫，进一步熟悉Python的基础画图操作。
分析：叮当猫由头、脸、眼、眼珠、鼻子、嘴、胡子、项带、铃当、身子、围嘴、手臂、手、脚组成。 其中：头、脸、眼、眼珠、鼻子、嘴、胡子组成一个部件；其余元件组成一个部件。废话不多说，上代码。
希望您给个关注给个赞，也算对我们的支持了。
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import math
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import sys
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from PyQt5.QtCore import *
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from PyQt5.QtGui import *
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from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
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class Shape: # 图形基类(叮当猫各部件（形状）共有的属性)
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def __init__(self, qp, QRect, QColor=QColor("#07bbee")): # 构造方法参数：形状，位置坐标，颜色, color="#07bbee"
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self.qp = qp #qpainter()的实例
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self.rect = QRect # 坐标（x1, y1, x2, y2）
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self.color = QColor #颜色
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self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 3)) #边线
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class Liner: #直线类
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def __init__(self, qp, QRect):
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self.qp = qp
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self.rect = QRect
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self.width = 1
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class Arc: #弧线类
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def __init__(self, qp, QRect, startAngle, spanAngle):
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self.qp = qp
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self.rect = QRect
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self.startAngle = startAngle
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self.spanAngle = spanAngle
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class eyeball(Shape): #眼珠
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.setBrush(self.color) #设置画刷
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self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect) #画圆形x,y,w,h 120, 25, 160, 160
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class mouth(Arc):
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.drawArc(self.rect,self.startAngle,self.spanAngle) #后面两个参数分别为 起始角与跨度角
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class beard(Liner): #中央竖线
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.drawLine(self.rect)
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class Beards: #胡须组合
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def __init__(self, qp, start_point): # w,h 宽、高
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self.qp = qp #
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self.start_point = start_point #起始坐标
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self.bd0 = beard(self.qp, self.bd0_cacu())
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self.bd1 = beard(self.qp, self.bd1_cacu())
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self.bd2 = beard(self.qp, self.bd2_cacu())
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self.bd00 = beard(self.qp, self.bd00_cacu())
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self.bd11 = beard(self.qp, self.bd11_cacu())
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self.bd22 = beard(self.qp, self.bd22_cacu())
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def draw(self): # 绘制
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self.bd1.draw()
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self.bd0.draw()
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self.bd2.draw()
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self.bd11.draw()
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self.bd00.draw()
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self.bd22.draw()
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def bd0_cacu(self): # 计算胡须的坐标
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x1 = self.start_point[0] - 40
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y1 = self.start_point[1] - 5
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x2 = x1 - 58
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y2 = y1 - 20
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return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
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def bd1_cacu(self): # 计算中间胡须的坐标
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x1 = self.start_point[0] - 40
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y1 = self.start_point[1] + 5
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x2 = x1 -65
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y2 = y1
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return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
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def bd2_cacu(self): # 计算胡须的坐标
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x1 = self.start_point[0] - 40
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y1 = self.start_point[1] + 15
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x2 = x1 -58
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y2 = y1 + 20
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return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
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def bd00_cacu(self): # 计算胡须的坐标
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x1 = self.start_point[0] + 40
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y1 = self.start_point[1] - 5
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x2 = x1 + 58
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y2 = y1 - 20
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return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
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def bd11_cacu(self): # 计算胡须的坐标
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x1 = self.start_point[0] + 40
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y1 = self.start_point[1] + 5
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x2 = x1 + 65
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y2 = y1
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return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
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def bd22_cacu(self): # 计算胡须的坐标
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x1 = self.start_point[0] + 40
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y1 = self.start_point[1] + 15
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x2 = x1 + 58
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y2 = y1 + 20
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return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
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class head(Shape): # 头
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def draw(self):
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##实例：x1，y1，x2，y2，即渐变的起始点和终止点
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linearGradient = QLinearGradient(420, 0, 100, 280)
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#线性渐变色的效果，以整个图形区间为100%，
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#分成多段设置颜色，各颜色按百分比分配。
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linearGradient.setColorAt(0.1, Qt.white) #10%处白色
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linearGradient.setColorAt(0.2, self.color) #60%处绿色 #07bbee
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linearGradient.setColorAt(0.8, self.color) #60%处绿色 #07bbee
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linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, Qt.black) #100%处黑色
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self.qp.setBrush(linearGradient) #设置画刷
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# self.qp.setBrush(self.color)
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# qp.drawRoundedRect(120, 25, 160, 160, 40, 40, Qt.RelativeSize) #画圆角矩形x1,y1,x2,y2,圆角的角度
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self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect) #画圆形x,y,w,h 120, 25, 160, 160
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class nose(Shape): #鼻子
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def draw(self):
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RadialGradient = QRadialGradient(265, 144, 6, 265, 144) #辐射渐变
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#参数分别为中心坐标，半径长度和焦点坐标,
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#如果需要对称那么中心坐标和焦点坐标要一致 #c93300
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#辐射渐变色的效果，以整个图形区间为100%，
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#分成多段设置颜色，各颜色按百分比分配。
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RadialGradient.setColorAt(0.0, Qt.white) #10%处白色
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RadialGradient.setColorAt(1.0, self.color) #60%处绿色 #07bbee
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# RadialGradient.setColorAt(1.0, Qt.black) #100%处黑色
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self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2)) #边线
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self.qp.setBrush(RadialGradient) #设置画刷
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self.qp.drawRoundedRect(self.rect, 80, 80, Qt.RelativeSize) #画圆角矩形x,y,w,h,圆角的角度
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class face(Shape):
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.setPen(Qt.NoPen) #无边线
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self.qp.setBrush(self.color) #设置画刷
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self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect) #画圆形x,y,w,h 120, 25, 160, 160
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class eye(Shape): #眼框
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.setBrush(self.color) #设置画刷
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self.qp.drawRoundedRect(self.rect, 90, 90, Qt.RelativeSize) #画圆角矩形x1,y1,x2,y2,圆角的角度
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class Heads: # 头部整体（组合头、脸、眼、鼻、嘴、胡子）
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def __init__(self, qp, start_point,w, h): # w,h是帽子的宽、高
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self.qp = qp #
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self.start_point = start_point #起始坐标
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self.w = w
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self.h = h
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self.hd = head(self.qp, self.hd_cacu(), QColor('#07bbee')) # 例化头
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self.fc = face(self.qp, self.fc_cacu(), Qt.white) #脸
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self.nos = nose(self.qp, self.nos_cacu(), QColor("#c93300")) #鼻子
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self.eye0 = eye(self.qp, self.ey0_cacu(), Qt.white) # 实例化眼0
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self.eye1 = eye(self.qp, self.ey1_cacu(), Qt.white) #眼1
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self.bds = Beards(self.qp, (260, 185)) #胡须组合的起始位置
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self.bd = beard(self.qp, self.bd_cacu()) #中央竖线
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self.mt = mouth(self.qp, self.mt_cacu(), 230 * 16, 80 * 16) #弧线的起始角度, 弧线角度（角度*16）
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self.mt2 = mouth(self.qp, self.mt2_cacu(), 230 * 16, 80 * 16) #弧线的起始角度, 弧线角度（角度*16）
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self.eb0 = eyeball(self.qp, self.eb0_cacu(), Qt.black) #眼珠0
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self.eb1 = eyeball(self.qp, self.eb1_cacu(), Qt.black) #眼珠1
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def draw(self): # 绘制
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self.hd.draw() #调用头方法绘制
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self.fc.draw() # 调用脸方法绘制
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self.nos.draw() # 调用底部方法绘制
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self.eye0.draw()
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self.eye1.draw()
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self.bds.draw()
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self.bd.draw() #调用头方法绘制
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self.mt.draw()
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self.mt2.draw()
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self.eb0.draw() #眼珠
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self.eb1.draw()
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def eb0_cacu(self): # 计算眼珠的坐标
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x = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2 - 25
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y = self.start_point[1] + 70
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w = 12
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h = 12
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return QRect(x, y, w, h)
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def eb1_cacu(self): # 计算眼珠的坐标
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x = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2 + 15
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y = self.start_point[1] + 70
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w = 12
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h = 12
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return QRect(x, y, w, h)
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def bd_cacu(self): # 计算中央竖线的坐标
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x1 = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2
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y1 = self.start_point[1] + 135
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x2 = x1
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y2 = y1 + 95
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return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
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def mt_cacu(self): # 计算嘴的坐标
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x = self.start_point[0] + 50
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y = self.start_point[1] + 45
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w = 220
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h = 186
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return QRect(x, y, w, h)
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def mt2_cacu(self): # 计算嘴的坐标
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x = self.start_point[0] + 60
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y = self.start_point[1] + 49
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w = 200
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h = 185
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return QRect(x, y, w, h)
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def nos_cacu(self): # 计算鼻子的坐标
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# r = self.h / 3 / 2
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x = self.start_point[0] + self.w /2 -15
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y = self.start_point[1] + 105
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w = 30
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h = 30
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return QRect(x, y, w, h)
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def hd_cacu(self): # 计算头的坐标
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x = self.start_point[0]
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y = self.start_point[1]
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w = self.w
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h = self.h
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return QRect(x, y, w, h)
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def fc_cacu(self): # 计算脸的坐标
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x = self.start_point[0] + 35
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y = self.start_point[1] + 65
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w = self.w - 65
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h = self.h - 100
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return QRect(x, y, w, h)
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def ey1_cacu(self): # 计算眼1的坐标(圆角矩形)
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x = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2
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y = self.start_point[1] + 40
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w = 70
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h = 80
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return QRect(x, y, w, h)
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def ey0_cacu(self): # 计算眼0的坐标(圆角矩形)
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x = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2 - 70
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y = self.start_point[1] + 40
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w = 70
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h = 80
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return QRect(x, y, w, h)
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class collar(Shape): #项圈
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def draw(self):
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linearGradient = QLinearGradient(140, 280, 140, 310)
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#参数分别为中心坐标，半径长度和焦点坐标,
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#如果需要对称那么中心坐标和焦点坐标要一致 #c93300
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#辐射渐变色的效果，以整个图形区间为100%，
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#分成多段设置颜色，各颜色按百分比分配。
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linearGradient.setColorAt(0.2, QColor("#c40")) #10%处
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linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, QColor("#800400")) #
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# linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, Qt.black) #100%处黑色
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self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2)) #边线
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self.qp.setBrush(linearGradient) #设置画刷
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self.qpp = QPainterPath() #路径
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self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] + self.rect[2], self.rect[1] + 20)
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self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] + self.rect[2] - 10, self.rect[1] , 20.0, 20.0, 270.0, 180.0) #(70, 30, R*2, R*2, 0, 180);(70,30)是起始位置，R是半径,270是起始角度，180是要画的角度
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0], self.rect[1])
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self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0]-10, self.rect[1], 20.0, 20.0, 90.0, 180.0)
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self.qpp.closeSubpath()
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self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
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class bell(Shape): #铃铛
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def draw(self):
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#参数分别为中心坐标，半径长度和焦点坐标,
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#如果需要对称那么中心坐标和焦点坐标要一致 #c93300
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RadialGradient = QRadialGradient(270, 308, 40, 260, 300) #辐射渐变
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#辐射渐变色的效果，以整个图形区间为100%，
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#分成多段设置颜色，各颜色按百分比分配。
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RadialGradient.setColorAt(0.0, QColor("#f9f12a")) #10%处白色
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RadialGradient.setColorAt(0.75, QColor("#e9e11a")) #60%处绿色 #07bbee
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RadialGradient.setColorAt(1.0, QColor("#a9a100")) #100%处黑色
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self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2)) #边线
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self.qp.setBrush(RadialGradient) #设置画刷
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self.qp.drawRoundedRect(self.rect, 90, 90, Qt.RelativeSize) #画圆角矩形x1,y1,x2,y2,圆角的角度
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class body(Shape): #身体
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2)) #边线
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self.qp.setBrush(self.color) #设置画刷
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self.qpp = QPainterPath() #路径
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self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] + 228, self.rect[1] - 15)
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 230 + 45, self.rect[1] + 25)
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 230 + 20, self.rect[1] + 60)
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 230 - 2, self.rect[1] + 40)
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 230 - 2, self.rect[1] + 170)
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self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] + 105,self.rect[1] + 170-10, 20, 20, 0, 180) #中间半圆
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] -2, self.rect[1] + 170)
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] - 2, self.rect[1] + 40)
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] - 20, self.rect[1] + 60)
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] - 40, self.rect[1] + 25)
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 2, self.rect[1] - 14)
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self.qpp.closeSubpath()
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self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
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class foot(Shape): #脚
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def draw(self):
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linearGradient = QLinearGradient(140, 280, 140, 310)
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linearGradient.setColorAt(0.2, QColor("#c40")) #10%处
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linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, QColor("#800400")) #
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# linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, Qt.black) #100%处黑色
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self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2)) #边线
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# self.qp.setBrush(linearGradient) #设置画刷
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self.qpp = QPainterPath() #路径
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self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] + self.rect[2] - 40, self.rect[1] + self.rect[3] - 2)
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self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] + self.rect[2] - 40, self.rect[1] - 2 , 30.0, 30.0, 270.0, 180.0) #(70, 30, R*2, R*2, 0, 180);(70,30)是起始位置，R是半径,270是起始角度，180是要画的角度
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self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0], self.rect[1]-2)
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self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0]-15, self.rect[1] - 3, 60.0, 40.0, 90.0, 125.0)
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# self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0]-20, self.rect[1] + 26, 20.0, 20.0, 90.0, 30.0)
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self.qpp.closeSubpath()
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self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
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class hand(Shape): #手
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.setBrush(self.color) #设置画刷
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self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect) #画圆形x,y,w,h 120, 25, 160, 160
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class chest(Shape): #白色肚兜
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def draw(self):
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self.color = Qt.white
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self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2)) #边线
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self.qp.setBrush(self.color) #设置画刷
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self.qpp = QPainterPath() #路径
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self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] + 30 , self.rect[1] + 20)
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self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] , self.rect[1] , 170.0, 170.0, 130.0, 280.0) #(70, 30, R*2, R*2, 0, 180);(70,30)是起始位置，R是半径,270是起始角度，180是要画的角度
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self.qpp.closeSubpath()
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self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
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class half(Shape): #口袋
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def draw(self):
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self.color = Qt.white
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self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2)) #边线
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self.qp.setBrush(self.color) #设置画刷
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self.qpp = QPainterPath() #路径
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self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] , self.rect[1] + 10)
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self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] , self.rect[1] - 55 , self.rect[2], self.rect[3], 180.0, 180.0) #(70, 30, R*2, R*2, 0, 180);(70,30)是起始位置，R是半径,270是起始角度，180是要画的角度
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self.qpp.closeSubpath()
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self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
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class bellc(Shape): #铃铛中心
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.setBrush(self.color) #设置画刷
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self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect) #画圆形x,y,w,h 120, 25, 160, 160
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class bellv(Liner): #铃铛竖线
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.drawLine(self.rect)
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class bellh(Liner): #横线
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# def __init__(self, qp, start_point, w, c=0):
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# self.qp = qp #
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# self.start_point = start_point #起始坐标
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# self.w = w
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# self.c = c
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def draw(self):
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self.qp.drawLine(self.rect)
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class Bells: # 铃铛组合
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def __init__(self, qp, start_point, w, h): # w,h是铃铛的宽、高
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self.qp = qp #
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self.start_point = start_point #起始坐标
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self.w = w
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self.h = h
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self.be = bell(self.qp, self.be_cacu(), QColor("#a9a100")) #铃铛
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self.bec = bellc(self.qp, self.bec_cacu(),Qt.black) #铃铛中心
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self.belv = bellv(self.qp, self.belv_cacu()) #铃铛竖线
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self.belh1 = bellh(self.qp, self.belh1_cacu())
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self.belh2 = bellh(self.qp, self.belh2_cacu())
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def draw(self):
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self.be.draw()
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self.bec.draw()
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self.belv.draw()
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self.belh1.draw()
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self.belh2.draw()
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def belh1_cacu(self): # 计算铃铛横线的坐标
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x = self.start_point[0] + 2
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y = self.start_point[1] -3
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w = x + 36
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h = y
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return QLineF(x, y, w, h)
-
-
def belh2_cacu(self): # 计算铃铛横线的坐标
-
x = self.start_point[0]
-
y = self.start_point[1] + 2
-
w = x + 40
-
h = y
-
return QLineF(x, y, w, h)
-
-
def belv_cacu(self): # 计算铃铛竖线的坐标
-
x = self.start_point[0] + 20
-
y = self.start_point[1] + 20
-
w = x
-
h = y + 8
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return QLineF(x, y, w, h)
-
-
def bec_cacu(self): # 计算铃铛的坐标(圆角矩形)
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x = self.start_point[0] + self.w /2 - 5
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y = self.start_point[1] + 8
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w = 10
-
h = 10
-
return QRect(x, y, w, h)
-
-
def be_cacu(self): # 计算铃铛的坐标(圆角矩形)
-
x = self.start_point[0] + self.w /2 - 20
-
y = self.start_point[1] - 12
-
w = 40
-
h = 40
-
return QRect(x, y, w, h)
-
-
class Bodys: # 身体组合
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def __init__(self, qp, start_point, w, h): # w,h是帽子的宽、高
-
self.qp = qp #
-
self.start_point = start_point #起始坐标
-
self.w = w
-
self.h = h
-
self.bod = body(self.qp, self.bod_cacu()) #实例化身体
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self.che = chest(self.qp, self.che_cacu()) #实例化白色肚兜
-
self.ha = half(self.qp, self.ha_cacu()) #实例化口袋
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self.coll = collar(self.qp, self.col_cacu()) # 实例化项圈
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self.hnd0 = hand(self.qp, self.hnd0_cacu(), Qt.white) #左手
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self.hnd1 = hand(self.qp, self.hnd1_cacu(), Qt.white) #左手
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self.ft1 = foot(self.qp, self.ft1_cacu(), Qt.white) #脚
-
self.ft2 = foot(self.qp, self.ft2_cacu(), Qt.white) #脚
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self.bels = Bells(self.qp, (240, 300), 40, 40)
-
-
def draw(self): # 绘制
-
self.bod.draw() #调用项圈方法绘制
-
self.che.draw()
-
self.ha.draw()
-
self.coll.draw()
-
self.hnd0.draw()
-
self.hnd1.draw()
-
self.ft1.draw()
-
self.ft2.draw()
-
self.bels.draw()
-
-
def ft1_cacu(self): # 计算脚的坐标
-
x1 = self.start_point[0]
-
y1 = self.start_point[1] + 170
-
x2 = 120
-
y2 = 30
-
return (x1, y1, x2, y2)
-
-
def ft2_cacu(self): # 计算脚的坐标(圆角矩形)
-
x1 = self.start_point[0] + 130
-
y1 = self.start_point[1] + 170
-
x2 = 120
-
y2 = 30
-
return (x1, y1, x2, y2)
-
-
def hnd0_cacu(self): # 计算手的坐标(圆角矩形)
-
x = self.start_point[0] - 78
-
y = self.start_point[1] + 25
-
w = 60
-
h = 60
-
return QRect(x, y, w, h)
-
-
def hnd1_cacu(self): # 计算手的坐标(圆角矩形)
-
x = self.start_point[0] + self.h + 20
-
y = self.start_point[1] + 25
-
w = 60
-
h = 60
-
return QRect(x, y, w, h)
-
-
def ha_cacu(self): # 计算口袋的坐标(圆角矩形)
-
x = self.start_point[0] + 48
-
y = self.start_point[1] + 40
-
w = 130
-
h = 130
-
return (x, y, w, h)
-
-
def che_cacu(self): # 计算白色肚兜的坐标(圆角矩形)
-
x = self.start_point[0] + 28
-
y = self.start_point[1] - 30
-
w = 170
-
h = 170
-
return (x, y, w, h)
-
-
def col_cacu(self): # 计算项圈的坐标(圆角矩形)
-
x1 = self.start_point[0]
-
y1 = self.start_point[1] - 20
-
x2 = 230
-
y2 = 20
-
return (x1, y1, x2, y2)
-
-
def bod_cacu(self): # 计算身体的坐标
-
x = self.start_point[0]
-
y = self.start_point[1]
-
w = 230
-
h = 165
-
return (x, y, w, h)
-
-
class Example(QWidget):
-
def __init__(self, w, h):
-
super().__init__()
-
self.qp = QPainter() # 画笔实例
-
self.rect = QRect()
-
self.color = QColor()
-
self.start_point = (100,30) #头部的起始位置
-
self.w = w
-
self.h = h
-
self.initUI()
-
self.heads = Heads(self.qp,self.start_point, 320, 300) # w,h
-
self.bo = Bodys(self.qp, (145,300), 230, 230) #start_point,w,h
-
-
def initUI(self):
-
self.setGeometry(100, 300, self.w, self.h) # 窗口在屏幕上的坐标和大小：x,y,w,h
-
self.setWindowTitle('叮当猫')
-
self.show()
-
# rect = QRect(120, 25, 160, 160)
-
# self.hd = head(self.qp, self.rect, self.color)
-
-
def paintEvent(self, e):
-
self.qp.begin(self)
-
self.drawBrushes(self.qp) #调用方法
-
self.qp.end()
-
-
def drawBrushes(self, qp):
-
self.heads.draw()
-
self.bo.draw()
-
# brush.setStyle(Qt.Dense1Pattern) #设置style
-
# qp.setBrush(brush) #设置画刷
-
# self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect, self.color) #画矩形x,y,w,h
-
-
-
if __name__ == '__main__':
-
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
-
ex = Example(520, 760) #窗体大小
-
sys.exit(app.exec_())
文章来源: zhulin1028.blog.csdn.net，作者：zhulin1028，版权归原作者所有，如需转载，请联系作者。
原文链接：zhulin1028.blog.csdn.net/article/details/120536768
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