【50条常用MySQL语句】如果这50条sql语句你都不熟,你别说你会MySQL【建议收藏】

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zhulin1028 发表于 2021/10/29 23:17:46 2021/10/29
【摘要】 这篇文章主要介绍了50条SQL查询技巧、查询语句示例,本文以学生表、课程表、成绩表、教师表为例,讲解不同需求下的SQL语句写法,需要的朋友可以参考下,建议经常用MySQL的同志们收藏。 Student(S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex) 学生表 Course(C#,Cname,T#) 课程表 SC(S#,C#,score) 成绩表...

这篇文章主要介绍了50条SQL查询技巧、查询语句示例,本文以学生表、课程表、成绩表、教师表为例,讲解不同需求下的SQL语句写法,需要的朋友可以参考下,建议经常用MySQL的同志们收藏。

Student(S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex) 学生表
Course(C#,Cname,T#) 课程表
SC(S#,C#,score) 成绩表
Teacher(T#,Tname) 教师表

目录

1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号;

2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩;

3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩;

4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数;

5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名;

6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名;

7、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名;

8、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名;

9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名;

10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名;

11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名;

12、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名;

13、把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩;

14、查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名;

15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录;

16、向SC表中插入一些记录,这些记录要求符合以下条件:没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2、号课的平均成绩;

17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩,按如下形式显示: 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分

18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,最高分,最低分

19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序

20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 企业管理(001),马克思(002),OO&UML (003),数据库(004)

21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示

22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单:企业管理(001),马克思(002),UML (003),数据库(004)[学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩

23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]

24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次

25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)

26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数

27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名

28、查询男生、女生人数

29、查询姓“张”的学生名单

30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数

31、1981年出生的学生名单(注:Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)

32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩升序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程号降序排列

33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩

34、查询课程名称为“数据库”,且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数

35、查询所有学生的选课情况;

36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数;

37、查询不及格的课程,并按课程号从大到小排列

38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名;

39、求选了课程的学生人数

40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩

41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数

42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩

43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名

44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过10人的课程才统计)。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列

45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名

47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩

49、检索“004”课程分数小于60,按分数降序排列的同学学号

50、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩


1、查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号;


  
  1. select a.S# from (select s#,score from SC where C#='001') a,(select s#,score
  2. from SC where C#='002') b
  3. where a.score>b.score and a.s#=b.s#;


2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩;


  
  1. select S#,avg(score)
  2. from sc
  3. group by S# having avg(score) >60;


3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩;


  
  1. select Student.S#,Student.Sname,count(SC.C#),sum(score)
  2. from Student left Outer join SC on Student.S#=SC.S#
  3. group by Student.S#,Sname


4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数;


  
  1. select count(distinct(Tname))
  2. from Teacher
  3. where Tname like '李%';


5、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名;


  
  1. select Student.S#,Student.Sname
  2. from Student
  3. where S# not in (select distinct( SC.S#) from SC,Course,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平');


6、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名;

select Student.S#,Student.Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#='001'and exists( Select * from SC as SC_2 where SC_2.S#=SC.S# and SC_2.C#='002');
 


7、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名;


  
  1. select S#,Sname from Student
  2. where S# in (select S# from SC ,Course ,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平' group by S# having count(SC.C#)=(select count(C#) from Course,Teacher where Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Tname='叶平'));


8、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名;


  
  1. Select S#,Sname from (select Student.S#,Student.Sname,score ,(select score from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S#=Student.S# and SC_2.C#='002') score2
  2. from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C#='001') S_2 where score2 <score;


9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名;


  
  1. select S#,Sname from Student
  2. where S# not in (select Student.S# from Student,SC where S.S#=SC.S# and score>60);


10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名;


  
  1. select Student.S#,Student.Sname
  2. from Student,SC
  3. where Student.S#=SC.S# group by Student.S#,Student.Sname having count(C#) <(select count(C#) from Course);


11、查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名;

select S#,Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in select C# from SC where S#='1001';
 


12、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名;


  
  1. select distinct SC.S#,Sname
  2. from Student,SC
  3. where Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in (select C# from SC where S#='001');


13、把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩;


  
  1. update SC set score=(select avg(SC_2.score)
  2. from SC SC_2
  3. where SC_2.C#=SC.C# ) from Course,Teacher where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平');


14、查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名;


  
  1. select S# from SC where C# in (select C# from SC where S#='1002')
  2. group by S# having count(*)=(select count(*) from SC where S#='1002');


15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录;


  
  1. Delect SC from course ,Teacher
  2. where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#= Teacher.T# and Tname='叶平';


16、向SC表中插入一些记录,这些记录要求符合以下条件:没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2、号课的平均成绩;


  
  1. Insert SC select S#,'002',(Select avg(score)
  2. from SC where C#='002') from Student where S# not in (Select S# from SC where C#='002');


17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩,按如下形式显示: 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分


  
  1. SELECT S# as 学生ID
  2. ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='004') AS 数据库
  3. ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='001') AS 企业管理
  4. ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='006') AS 英语
  5. ,COUNT(*) AS 有效课程数, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成绩
  6. FROM SC AS t
  7. GROUP BY S#
  8. ORDER BY avg(t.score)


18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分:以如下形式显示:课程ID,最高分,最低分


  
  1. SELECT L.C# As 课程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分
  2. FROM SC L ,SC AS R
  3. WHERE L.C# = R.C# and
  4. L.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score)
  5. FROM SC AS IL,Student AS IM
  6. WHERE L.C# = IL.C# and IM.S#=IL.S#
  7. GROUP BY IL.C#)
  8. AND
  9. R.Score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score)
  10. FROM SC AS IR
  11. WHERE R.C# = IR.C#
  12. GROUP BY IR.C#
  13. );


19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序


  
  1. SELECT t.C# AS 课程号,max(course.Cname)AS 课程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成绩
  2. ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分数
  3. FROM SC T,Course
  4. where t.C#=course.C#
  5. GROUP BY t.C#
  6. ORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DESC


20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 企业管理(001),马克思(002),OO&UML (003),数据库(004)


  
  1. SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN C# ='001' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理平均分
  2. ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企业管理及格百分数
  3. ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思平均分
  4. ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 马克思及格百分数
  5. ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分
  6. ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分数
  7. ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库平均分
  8. ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 数据库及格百分数
  9. FROM SC


21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示


  
  1. SELECT max(Z.T#) AS 教师ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教师姓名,C.C# AS 课程ID,MAX(C.Cname) AS 课程名称,AVG(Score) AS 平均成绩
  2. FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Z
  3. where T.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Z.T#
  4. GROUP BY C.C#
  5. ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC

22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单:企业管理(001),马克思(002),UML (003),数据库(004)[学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩


  
  1. SELECT DISTINCT top 3
  2. SC.S# As 学生学号,
  3. Student.Sname AS 学生姓名 ,
  4. T1.score AS 企业管理,
  5. T2.score AS 马克思,
  6. T3.score AS UML,
  7. T4.score AS 数据库,
  8. ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 总分
  9. FROM Student,SC LEFT JOIN SC AS T1
  10. ON SC.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = '001'
  11. LEFT JOIN SC AS T2
  12. ON SC.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = '002'
  13. LEFT JOIN SC AS T3
  14. ON SC.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = '003'
  15. LEFT JOIN SC AS T4
  16. ON SC.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = '004'
  17. WHERE student.S#=SC.S# and
  18. ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)
  19. NOT IN
  20. (SELECT
  21. DISTINCT
  22. TOP 15 WITH TIES
  23. ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0)
  24. FROM sc
  25. LEFT JOIN sc AS T1
  26. ON sc.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = 'k1'
  27. LEFT JOIN sc AS T2
  28. ON sc.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = 'k2'
  29. LEFT JOIN sc AS T3
  30. ON sc.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = 'k3'
  31. LEFT JOIN sc AS T4
  32. ON sc.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = 'k4'
  33. ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC);


23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]


  
  1. SELECT SC.C# as 课程ID, Cname as 课程名称
  2. ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85]
  3. ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70]
  4. ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60]
  5. ,SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -]
  6. FROM SC,Course
  7. where SC.C#=Course.C#
  8. GROUP BY SC.C#,Cname;


24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次


  
  1. SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成绩)
  2. FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) AS 平均成绩
  3. FROM SC
  4. GROUP BY S#
  5. ) AS T1
  6. WHERE 平均成绩 > T2.平均成绩) as 名次,
  7. S# as 学生学号,平均成绩
  8. FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) 平均成绩
  9. FROM SC
  10. GROUP BY S#
  11. ) AS T2
  12. ORDER BY 平均成绩 desc;

25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)


  
  1. SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数
  2. FROM SC t1
  3. WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 score
  4. FROM SC
  5. WHERE t1.C#= C#
  6. ORDER BY score DESC
  7. )
  8. ORDER BY t1.C#;


26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数

select c#,count(S#) from sc group by C#;
 


27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名


  
  1. select SC.S#,Student.Sname,count(C#) AS 选课数
  2. from SC ,Student
  3. where SC.S#=Student.S# group by SC.S# ,Student.Sname having count(C#)=1;


28、查询男生、女生人数


  
  1. Select count(Ssex) as 男生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='男';
  2. Select count(Ssex) as 女生人数 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='女'


29、查询姓“张”的学生名单


  
  1. SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE Sname like '张%';


30、查询同名同性学生名单,并统计同名人数

select Sname,count(*) from Student group by Sname having count(*)>1;
 


31、1981年出生的学生名单(注:Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)


  
  1. select Sname, CONVERT(char (11),DATEPART(year,Sage)) as age
  2. from student
  3. where CONVERT(char(11),DATEPART(year,Sage))='1981';


32、查询每门课程的平均成绩,结果按平均成绩升序排列,平均成绩相同时,按课程号降序排列

Select C#,Avg(score) from SC group by C# order by Avg(score),C# DESC ;
 


33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩


  
  1. select Sname,SC.S# ,avg(score)
  2. from Student,SC
  3. where Student.S#=SC.S# group by SC.S#,Sname having avg(score)>85;


34、查询课程名称为“数据库”,且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数


  
  1. Select Sname,isnull(score,0)
  2. from Student,SC,Course
  3. where SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# and Course.Cname='数据库'and score <60;


35、查询所有学生的选课情况;


  
  1. SELECT SC.S#,SC.C#,Sname,Cname
  2. FROM SC,Student,Course
  3. where SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# ;


36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数;


  
  1. SELECT distinct student.S#,student.Sname,SC.C#,SC.score
  2. FROM student,Sc
  3. WHERE SC.score>=70 AND SC.S#=student.S#;


37、查询不及格的课程,并按课程号从大到小排列

select c# from sc where scor e <60 order by C# ;
 


38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名;

select SC.S#,Student.Sname from SC,Student where SC.S#=Student.S# and Score>80 and C#='003';
 


39、求选了课程的学生人数

select count(*) from sc;
 


40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中,成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩


  
  1. select Student.Sname,score
  2. from Student,SC,Course C,Teacher
  3. where Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平' and SC.score=(select max(score)from SC where C#=C.C# );


41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数

select count(*) from sc group by C#;
 


42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩

select distinct A.S#,B.score from SC A ,SC B where A.Score=B.Score and A.C# <>B.C# ;
 


43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名


  
  1. SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数
  2. FROM SC t1
  3. WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 score
  4. FROM SC
  5. WHERE t1.C#= C#
  6. ORDER BY score DESC
  7. )
  8. ORDER BY t1.C#;


44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数(超过10人的课程才统计)。要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列


  
  1. select C# as 课程号,count(*) as 人数
  2. from sc
  3. group by C#
  4. order by count(*) desc,c#


45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号


  
  1. select S#
  2. from sc
  3. group by s#
  4. having count(*) > = 2


46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名


  
  1. select C#,Cname
  2. from Course
  3. where C# in (select c# from sc group by c#)


47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

select Sname from Student where S# not in (select S# from Course,Teacher,SC where Course.T#=Teacher.T# and SC.C#=course.C# and Tname='叶平');
 


48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩

select S#,avg(isnull(score,0)) from SC where S# in (select S# from SC where score <60 group by S# having count(*)>2)group by S#;
 


49、检索“004”课程分数小于60,按分数降序排列的同学学号

select S# from SC where C#='004'and score <60 order by score desc;
 


50、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩

delete from Sc where S#='001'and C#='001';
 

文章来源: zhulin1028.blog.csdn.net,作者:zhulin1028,版权归原作者所有,如需转载,请联系作者。

原文链接:zhulin1028.blog.csdn.net/article/details/120711096

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