15. 微服务API网关-kong初探-2
【摘要】 五 部署 5.1 物理服务器部署 5.1.1 配置yum源sudo yum update -ysudo yum install -y wgetwget https://bintray.com/kong/kong-rpm/rpm -O bintray-kong-kong-rpm.repoexport major_version=`grep -oE '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' /etc/...
五 部署
5.1 物理服务器部署
5.1.1 配置yum源
sudo yum update -y
sudo yum install -y wget
wget https://bintray.com/kong/kong-rpm/rpm -O bintray-kong-kong-rpm.repo
export major_version=`grep -oE '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' /etc/redhat-release | cut -d "." -f1`
sed -i -e 's/baseurl.*/&\/centos\/'$major_version''/ bintray-kong-kong-rpm.repo
sudo mv bintray-kong-kong-rpm.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
sudo yum update -y
sudo yum install -y kong
5.1.2 数据库安装
Kong支持PostgreSQL v9.5+和Cassandra 3.x.x作为数据存储。
按照文档安装PostgreSQL v11: https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/redhat/
# 安装PostgreSQL v11
yum install -y https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos11-11-2.noarch.rpm
yum install -y postgresql11 postgresql11-server
# 自启
/usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb
systemctl enable postgresql-11
systemctl start postgresql-11
# 登录psql
sudo su postgres
psql
# 创建数据库，官方默认无密码，此处我使用密码
# CREATE USER kong; CREATE DATABASE kong OWNER kong;
CREATE USER kong with password 'kong';
CREATE DATABASE kong OWNER kong;
grant all privileges on database kong to kong;
# 这里可能会报连接错误
# psql: 致命错误: 对用户"kong"的对等认证失败
sudo find / -name pg_hba.conf
/var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf
# 修改安全配置
vim /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf
# METHOD指定如何处理客户端的认证。常用的有ident，md5，password，trust，reject
# ident是Linux下PostgreSQL默认的local认证方式，凡是能正确登录服务器的操作系统用户（注：不是数据库用户）就能使用本用户映射的数据库用户不需密码登录数据库。
# md5是常用的密码认证方式，如果你不使用ident，最好使用md5。密码是以md5形式传送给数据库，较安全，且不需建立同名的操作系统用户。
# password是以明文密码传送给数据库，建议不要在生产环境中使用。
# trust是只要知道数据库用户名就不需要密码或ident就能登录，建议不要在生产环境中使用。
# reject是拒绝认证。
# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local all all md5
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
# IPv6 local connections:
host all all ::1/128 md5
# 将peer改为md5（）
# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local all all md5
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 ident
# IPv6 local connections:
host all all ::1/128 ident
# 重启psql
systemctl restart postgresql-11
# 登录postgre
psql -U kong
# 输入密码
# 查看帮助
\h
# 退出
\q
# 这里需要提前配置kong配置文件，默认/etc/kong/kong.conf.default
cp /etc/kong/kong.conf.default /etc/kong/kong.conf
# 修改里面的数据库配置，写入用户、密码、数据库、端口等信息
vim /etc/kong/kong.conf
[root@kong-server software]# egrep -v "^#|^$|^[[:space:]]+#" /etc/kong/kong.conf
database = postgres # Determines which of PostgreSQL or Cassandra
pg_host = 127.0.0.1 # Host of the Postgres server.
pg_port = 5432 # Port of the Postgres server.
pg_timeout = 5000 # Defines the timeout (in ms), for connecting,
pg_user = kong # Postgres user.
pg_password = kong # Postgres user's password.
pg_database = kong # The database name to connect to.
# Kong migrations
kong migrations bootstrap [-c /path/to/kong.conf]
[root@kong-server software]# kong migrations bootstrap -c /etc/kong/kong.conf
Bootstrapping database...
migrating core on database 'kong'...
core migrated up to: 000_base (executed)
core migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed)
core migrated up to: 002_15_to_1 (executed)
core migrated up to: 003_100_to_110 (executed)
core migrated up to: 004_110_to_120 (executed)
core migrated up to: 005_120_to_130 (executed)
migrating hmac-auth on database 'kong'...
hmac-auth migrated up to: 000_base_hmac_auth (executed)
hmac-auth migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed)
migrating oauth2 on database 'kong'...
oauth2 migrated up to: 000_base_oauth2 (executed)
oauth2 migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed)
oauth2 migrated up to: 002_15_to_10 (executed)
migrating jwt on database 'kong'...
jwt migrated up to: 000_base_jwt (executed)
jwt migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed)
migrating basic-auth on database 'kong'...
basic-auth migrated up to: 000_base_basic_auth (executed)
basic-auth migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed)
migrating key-auth on database 'kong'...
key-auth migrated up to: 000_base_key_auth (executed)
key-auth migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed)
migrating rate-limiting on database 'kong'...
rate-limiting migrated up to: 000_base_rate_limiting (executed)
rate-limiting migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed)
rate-limiting migrated up to: 002_15_to_10 (executed)
rate-limiting migrated up to: 003_10_to_112 (executed)
migrating acl on database 'kong'...
acl migrated up to: 000_base_acl (executed)
acl migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed)
migrating response-ratelimiting on database 'kong'...
response-ratelimiting migrated up to: 000_base_response_rate_limiting (executed)
response-ratelimiting migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed)
response-ratelimiting migrated up to: 002_15_to_10 (executed)
migrating session on database 'kong'...
session migrated up to: 000_base_session (executed)
27 migrations processed
27 executed
Database is up-to-date
5.1.2 启动kong
在无数据库模式配置Kong,一旦Kong启动，访问Admin API的/根端点已验证它是否在没有数据库的情况下运行。
# Setting Up Kong in DB-less mode
要在无数据库模式下使用Kong，有两种方式：
修改配置文件kong.conf
vim /etc/kong/kong.conf
# database = postgres
database=off
# 或
export KONG_DATABASE=off
# 检查配置，此命令将考虑您当前设置的环境变量，并在设置无效时报错。此外，您还可以在调试模式下使用CLI，以便更深入地了解Kong的启动属性
kong start -c <kong.conf> --vv
# 启动kong
kong start -c /etc/kong/kong.conf
kong start [-c /path/to/kong.conf]
[root@kong-server software]# kong start -c /etc/kong/kong.conf
Kong started
[root@kong-server software]# kong health
nginx.......running
Kong is healthy at /usr/local/kong
[root@kong-server software]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8444 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 31050/nginx: master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 31050/nginx: master
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8001 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 31050/nginx: master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1453/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:5432 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 30638/postmaster
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 31050/nginx: master
tcp6 0 0 ::1:5432 :::* LISTEN 30638/postmaster
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 780/dhclient
udp 0 0 172.16.16.16:123 0.0.0.0:* 3006/ntpd
udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:123 0.0.0.0:* 3006/ntpd
udp6 0 0 fe80::5054:ff:fe94::123 :::* 3006/ntpd
udp6 0 0 ::1:123 :::* 3006/ntpd
[root@kong-server software]# curl http://localhost:8001
停止:
kong stop
重新加载：
kong reload
5.1.3 安装konga
konga为目前最先版本的kong的dashboard，由于kong-dashboard目前为更新适应新版本的kong，推荐使用konga
konga带来的一个最大的便利就是可以很好地通过UI观察到现在kong的所有的配置，并且可以对于管理kong节点情况进行查看、监控和预警，konga主要特性如下：
- 多用户管理
- 管理多个Kong节点
- 电子邮件异常信息通知
- 管理所有Kong Admin API
- 使用快照备份，还原和迁移Kong节点
- 使用运行状况检查监控节点和API状态
- 轻松的数据库集成（MySQL，postgresSQL，MongoDB）
- node安装
yum -y install git
cd /data/software && wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/v10.16.2/node-v10.16.2-linux-x64.tar.xz
tar -xf node-v10.16.2-linux-x64.tar.xz
mv node-v10.16.2-linux-x64 node
# 修改为root的权限
chown root.root node -R
cat > /etc/profile.d/node.sh << EOF
export PATH=\$PATH:/data/software/node/bin
EOF
source /etc/profile.d/node.sh
node -v
# 安装插件
npm install -g glup
npm install -g bower
npm install -g sails
npm install -g node-gyp
npm install -g grunt-sass
npm install -g node-sass
npm run bower-deps
npm install sails-postgresql
- 安装konga
git clone https://github.com/pantsel/konga.git
cd konga
npm install konga
#使用postgresql
CREATE USER konga with password 'konga';
CREATE DATABASE konga OWNER konga;
grant all privileges on database konga to konga;
- 配置
cp config/local_example.js config/local.js
# 配置默认数据库
vi ./local.js
models: {
connection: process.env.DB_ADAPTER || 'localDiskDb',
},
# 改成
models: {
connection: process.env.DB_ADAPTER || 'postgres', // 这里可以用‘mysql’，‘mongo’，‘sqlserver’，‘postgres’
},
# 保存
# 修改数据库默认配置
vi connections.js
postgres: {
adapter: 'sails-postgresql',
url: process.env.DB_URI,
host: process.env.DB_HOST || 'localhost',
user: process.env.DB_USER || 'konga',
password: process.env.DB_PASSWORD || 'konga',
port: process.env.DB_PORT || 5432,
database: process.env.DB_DATABASE ||'konga',
// schema: process.env.DB_PG_SCHEMA ||'public',
poolSize: process.env.DB_POOLSIZE || 10,
ssl: process.env.DB_SSL ? true : false // If set, assume it's true
},
# 保存
# 启动
cd ../
npm start
# pm2 管理
npm install -g pm2
cd konga
pm2 start app.js --name konga
pm2 logs
0|konga | info: Sails <| .-..-.
0|konga | info: v0.12.14 |\
0|konga | info: /|.\
0|konga | info: / || \
0|konga | info: ,' |' \
0|konga | info: .-'.-==|/_--'
0|konga | info: `--'-------'
0|konga | info: __---___--___---___--___---___--___
0|konga | info: ____---___--___---___--___---___--___-__
0|konga | info:
0|konga | info: Server lifted in `/data/software/konga`
0|konga | info: To see your app, visit http://localhost:1338
0|konga | info: To shut down Sails, press <CTRL> + C at any time.
0|konga |
0|konga |
- 访问
IP:1338,默认用户：admin，密码：adminadminadmin
配置链接kong, http://localhost:8001
5.2 docker中运行
5.2.1 Docker中部署
1.您需要创建一个自定义网络，以允许容器相互发现和通信。在此示例中kong-net是网络名称，您可以使用任何名称。
docker network create kong-net
2.启动数据库PostgreSQL
docker run -d --name kong-database --network=kong-net -p 5432:5432 -e "POSTGRES_USER=kong" -e "POSTGRES_DB=kong" -e "POSTGRES_PASSWORD=kong" postgres
3.准备数据库
docker run --rm --network=kong-net -e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" -e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" -e "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" -e "KONG_PG_PASSWORD=kong" kong kong migrations bootstrap
4.启动kong
docker run -d --name kong --network=kong-net -e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" -e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" -e "KONG_PG_PASSWORD=kong" -e "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" -e "KONG_PROXY_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" -e "KONG_ADMIN_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" -e "KONG_PROXY_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" -e "KONG_ADMIN_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" -e "KONG_ADMIN_LISTEN=0.0.0.0:8001, 0.0.0.0:8444 ssl" -p 8000:8000 -p 8443:8443 -p 8001:8001 -p 8444:8444 kong
5.运行konga
注意DB_HOST为自己的ip地址
docker run -d -p 1337:1337 --network kong-net -e "TOKEN_SECRET=mark666" -e "DB_ADAPTER=postgres" -e "DB_HOST=10.234.2.204" -e "DB_PORT=5432:5432" -e "DB_USER=kong" -e "DB_PASSWORD=kong" -e "DB_DATABASE=kong_database" --name konga pantsel/konga
5.2.2 docker-compose部署
- 创建虚拟网络
docker network create kong-net
后续的应用及数据库都使用这个虚拟网络。
- 编写docker-compose.yaml
version: "3.7"
services:
kong:
# 镜像版本，目前最新
image: kong:1.1.2
environment:
# 数据持久化方式，使用postgres数据库
- "KONG_DATABASE=postgres"
# 数据库容器名称,Kong连接数据时使用些名称
- "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database"
# 数据库名称
- "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database"
# 日志记录目录
- "KONG_PROXY_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout"
- "KONG_ADMIN_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout"
- "KONG_PROXY_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr"
- "KONG_ADMIN_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr"
# 暴露的端口
- "KONG_ADMIN_LISTEN=0.0.0.0:8001, 0.0.0.0:8444 ssl"
ports:
- 8000:8000
- 8443:8443
- 8001:8001
- 8444:8444
# 使用docker网络
networks:
- kong-net
# 依赖数据库服务
depends_on:
- kong-database
# kong 管理界面
konga:
image: pantsel/konga
environment:
- "TOKEN_SECRET=51liveup.cn"
- "NODE_ENV=production"
ports:
- 8080:1337
networks:
- kong-net
depends_on:
- kong-database
-
# 数据库服务
kong-database:
image: postgres:9.6
ports:
- "5432:5432"
environment:
# 访问数据库的用户
- POSTGRES_USER=kong
- POSTGRES_DB=kong
networks:
- kong-net
volumes:
# 同步时间
- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
# 数据库持久化目录
- /data/data/postgresql:/var/lib/postgresql/data
networks:
kong-net:
external: true
使用docker-compose up 命令启动服务。会发现启动时报数据库错误，这是因为kong 使用的postgres 数据还需要进行初始化才能使用。
- 初始化数据库
docker run --rm \
--network=kong-net \
-e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" \
-e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" \
-e "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" \
kong:latest kong migrations bootstrap
一定要在创建数据库容器之后，并且保持数据库的Docker容器在运行状态，再执行初始化数据库，数据库初始化成功后，再次使用docker-compose up -d 启动服务就可以了。
- 验证
curl -i http://localhost:8001/
- dashboard
另外，也可以安装一个Kong的客户端来验证。在安装有Docker引擎的操作系统上执行如下的命令：
1.0之后的kong-dashboard就已经不兼容了,建议使用konga
5.2.3 安装kong-dashboard
- Kong Dashboard 3.3.0 is only partially compatible with Kong 0.13. It does not support the new Service and Route objects introduced in Kong 0.13.
# 下载镜像pgbi/kong-dashboard
[root@master data]# docker run --rm -p 8080:8080 pgbi/kong-dashboard start --kong-url http://10.234.2.204:30493 --basic-auth admin=kong@anchnet.com
Connecting to Kong on http://10.234.2.204:30493 ...
What's on http://10.234.2.204:30493 isn't Kong
[root@master data]# kubectl get svc |grep kong
kong-kong-admin NodePort 10.104.75.151 <none> 8444:30493/TCP 52m
kong-kong-proxy NodePort 10.99.141.23 <none> 80:30877/TCP,443:31201/TCP 52m
kong-postgresql ClusterIP 10.109.249.105 <none> 5432/TCP 52m
kong-postgresql-headless ClusterIP None <none> 5432/TCP 52m
通过docker安装一个Kong-Dashboard，安装完成后，通过浏览器访问：
5.3 kubernetes部署
5.3.1 前置条件
- 已有Kubernetes 1.6+环境；
- 已部署helm客户端和tiller服务端（请参考：https://docs.helm.sh/using_helm/#installing-helm）
- 在Kubernetes中创建了具备足够权限访问权限的service account；
- 并通过此service account在Kubernetes部署了tiller服务端（请参考：https://docs.helm.sh/using_helm/#role-based-access-control）。
5.3.2 helm char配置
下表列示了Kong chart的配置参数和默认值：
| 参数 | 说明 | 默认值 |
|---|---|---|
| image.repository | Kong image | kong |
| image.tag | Kong image version | 0.14.1 |
| image.pullPolicy | Image pull policy | IfNotPresent |
| image.pullSecrets | Image pull secrets | null |
| replicaCount | Kong instance count | 1 |
| admin.useTLS | Secure Admin traffic | true |
| admin.servicePort | TCP port on which the Kong admin service is exposed | 8444 |
| admin.containerPort | TCP port on which Kong app listens for admin traffic | 8444 |
| admin.nodePort | Node port when service type is NodePort |
|
| admin.type | k8s service type, Options: NodePort, ClusterIP, LoadBalancer | NodePort |
| admin.loadBalancerIP | Will reuse an existing ingress static IP for the admin service | null |
| admin.loadBalancerSourceRanges | Limit admin access to CIDRs if set and service type is LoadBalancer |
[] |
| admin.ingress.enabled | Enable ingress resource creation (works with proxy.type=ClusterIP) | false |
| admin.ingress.tls | Name of secret resource, containing TLS secret | |
| admin.ingress.hosts | List of ingress hosts. | [] |
| admin.ingress.path | Ingress path. | / |
| admin.ingress.annotations | Ingress annotations. See documentation for your ingress controller for details | {} |
| proxy.useTLS | Secure Proxy traffic | true |
| proxy.servicePort | TCP port on which the Kong Proxy Service is exposed | 8443 |
| proxy.containerPort | TCP port on which the Kong app listens for Proxy traffic | 8443 |
| proxy.nodePort | Node port when service type is NodePort |
|
| proxy.type | k8s service type. Options: NodePort, ClusterIP, LoadBalancer | NodePort |
| proxy.loadBalancerSourceRanges | Limit proxy access to CIDRs if set and service type is LoadBalancer |
[] |
| proxy.loadBalancerIP | To reuse an existing ingress static IP for the admin service | |
| proxy.ingress.enabled | Enable ingress resource creation (works with proxy.type=ClusterIP) | false |
| proxy.ingress.tls | Name of secret resource, containing TLS secret | |
| proxy.ingress.hosts | List of ingress hosts. | [] |
| proxy.ingress.path | Ingress path. | / |
| proxy.ingress.annotations | Ingress annotations. See documentation for your ingress controller for details | {} |
| env | Additional Kong configurations | |
| runMigrations | Run Kong migrations job | true |
| readinessProbe | Kong readiness probe | |
| livenessProbe | Kong liveness probe | |
| affinity | Node/pod affinities | |
| nodeSelector | Node labels for pod assignment | {} |
| podAnnotations | Annotations to add to each pod | {} |
| resources | Pod resource requests & limits | {} |
| tolerations | List of node taints to tolerate | [] |
5.3.3 安装chart
启用数据库需要先安装pvc
---
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: data-kong-postgresql-0
spec:
storageClassName: ceph-rdb
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 4Gi
# 部署pvc
[root@master data]# kubectl get pvc |grep api-gateway
data-api-gateway-postgresql-0 Bound pvc-d280166c-c03d-11e9-a45a-facf8ddba000 8Gi RWO ceph-rdb 11s
helm fetch stable/kong --version 0.13.0
[root@master kong-deploy]# helm install -n api-gateway kong/
NAME: api-gateway
LAST DEPLOYED: Fri Aug 16 23:53:37 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED
RESOURCES:
==> v1/Job
NAME COMPLETIONS DURATION AGE
api-gateway-kong-init-migrations 0/1 0s 0s
==> v1/Pod(related)
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
api-gateway-kong-79f697ff7c-bcr7m 0/1 Init:0/1 0 0s
api-gateway-kong-init-migrations-hxgd6 0/1 Init:0/1 0 0s
api-gateway-postgresql-0 0/1 Init:0/1 0 0s
==> v1/Secret
NAME TYPE DATA AGE
api-gateway-postgresql Opaque 1 0s
==> v1/Service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
api-gateway-kong-admin NodePort 10.100.226.67 <none> 8444:31466/TCP 0s
api-gateway-kong-proxy NodePort 10.109.4.127 <none> 80:32287/TCP,443:32742/TCP 0s
api-gateway-postgresql ClusterIP 10.102.197.253 <none> 5432/TCP 0s
api-gateway-postgresql-headless ClusterIP None <none> 5432/TCP 0s
==> v1beta2/Deployment
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
api-gateway-kong 0/1 1 0 0s
==> v1beta2/StatefulSet
NAME READY AGE
api-gateway-postgresql 0/1 0s
NOTES:
1. Kong Admin can be accessed inside the cluster using:
DNS=api-gateway-kong-admin.default.svc.cluster.local
PORT=8444
To connect from outside the K8s cluster:
HOST=$(kubectl get nodes --namespace default -o jsonpath='{.items[0].status.addresses[0].address}')
PORT=$(kubectl get svc --namespace default api-gateway-kong-admin -o jsonpath='{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}')
2. Kong Proxy can be accessed inside the cluster using:
DNS=api-gateway-kong-proxy.default.svc.cluster.localPORT=443To connect from outside the K8s cluster:
HOST=$(kubectl get nodes --namespace default -o jsonpath='{.items[0].status.addresses[0].address}')
PORT=$(kubectl get svc --namespace default api-gateway-kong-proxy -o jsonpath='{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}')
【版权声明】本文为华为云社区用户原创内容，转载时必须标注文章的来源（华为云社区）、文章链接、文章作者等基本信息， 否则作者和本社区有权追究责任。如果您发现本社区中有涉嫌抄袭的内容，欢迎发送邮件进行举报，并提供相关证据，一经查实，本社区将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容，举报邮箱：
cloudbbs@huaweicloud.com
- 点赞
- 收藏
- 关注作者
评论（0）