（1）针对TCP/IP的Socket、ServerSocket
（2）针对UDP的DatagramSocket、DatagramPackage。这里需要注意的是，考虑到Android设备通常是手持终端,IP都是随着上网进行分配的。不是固定的。因此开发也是有一点与普通互联网应用有所差异的。
（3）针对直接URL的HttpURLConnection。
（4）Google集成了Apache HTTP客户端，可使用HTTP进行网络编程。
（5）使用WebService。Android可以通过开源包如jackson去支持Xmlrpc和Jsonrpc,另外也可以用Ksoap2去实现Webservice。
（6）直接使用WebView视图组件显示网页。基于WebView 进行开发，Google已经提供了一个基于chrome-lite的Web浏览器，直接就可以进行上网浏览网页。
一、socket与serverSocket
客户端代码
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public class TestNetworkActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
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private Button connectBtn;
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private Button sendBtn;
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private TextView showView;
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private EditText msgText;
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private Socket socket;
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private Handler handler;
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.test_network_main);
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connectBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_network_main_btn_connect);
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sendBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_network_main_btn_send);
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showView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.test_network_main_tv_show);
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msgText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.test_network_main_et_msg);
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connectBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
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sendBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
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handler = new Handler(){
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@Override
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public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
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super.handleMessage(msg);
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String data = msg.getData().getString("msg");
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showView.setText("来自服务器的消息:"+data);
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}
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};
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}
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@Override
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public void onClick(View v) {
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//连接服务器
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if(v == connectBtn){
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connectServer();
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}
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//发送消息
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if(v == sendBtn){
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String msg = msgText.getText().toString();
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send(msg);
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}
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}
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/**
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*连接服务器的方法
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*/
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public void connectServer(){
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try {
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socket = new Socket("192.168.1.100",4000);
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System.out.println("连接服务器成功");
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recevie();
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} catch (Exception e) {
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System.out.println("连接服务器失败"+e);
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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/**
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*发送消息的方法
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*/
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public void send(String msg){
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try {
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PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(socket.getOutputStream());
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ps.println(msg);
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ps.flush();
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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/**
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*读取服务器传回的方法
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*/
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public void recevie(){
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new Thread(){
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public void run(){
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while(true){
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try {
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InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
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BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
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String str = br.readLine();
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Message message = new Message();
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Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
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bundle.putString("msg", str);
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message.setData(bundle);
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handler.sendMessage(message);
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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}
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}.start();
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}
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}
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二、RUL、URLConnection、httpURLConnection、ApacheHttp、WebView
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public class TestURLActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
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private Button connectBtn;
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private Button urlConnectionBtn;
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private Button httpUrlConnectionBtn;
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private Button httpClientBtn;
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private ImageView showImageView;
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private TextView showTextView;
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private WebView webView;
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.test_url_main);
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connectBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_connect);
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urlConnectionBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_urlconnection);
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httpUrlConnectionBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_httpurlconnection);
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httpClientBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_httpclient);
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showImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_iv_show);
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showTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_tv_show);
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webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_wv);
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connectBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
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urlConnectionBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
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httpUrlConnectionBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
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httpClientBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
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}
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@Override
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public void onClick(View v) {
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// 直接使用URL对象进行连接
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if (v == connectBtn) {
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try {
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URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/image.jpg");
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InputStream is = url.openStream();
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Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
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showImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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// 直接使用URLConnection对象进行连接
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if (v == urlConnectionBtn) {
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try {
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URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp");
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URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
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InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
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byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
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int len = 0;
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StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
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while ((len = is.read(bs)) != -1) {
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String str = new String(bs, 0, len);
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sb.append(str);
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}
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showTextView.setText(sb.toString());
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} catch (Exception e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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// 直接使用HttpURLConnection对象进行连接
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if (v == httpUrlConnectionBtn) {
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try {
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URL url = new URL(
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"http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp?username=abc");
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HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url
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.openConnection();
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connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
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if (connection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
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String message = connection.getResponseMessage();
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showTextView.setText(message);
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}
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} catch (Exception e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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// 使用ApacheHttp客户端进行连接(重要方法)
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if (v == httpClientBtn) {
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try {
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HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
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// 如果是Get提交则创建HttpGet对象，否则创建HttpPost对象
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// HttpGet httpGet = new
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// HttpGet("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp?username=abc&pwd=321");
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// post提交的方式
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HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(
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"http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp");
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// 如果是Post提交可以将参数封装到集合中传递
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List dataList = new ArrayList();
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dataList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "aaaaa"));
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dataList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd", "123"));
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// UrlEncodedFormEntity用于将集合转换为Entity对象
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httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(dataList));
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// 获取相应消息
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HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);
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// 获取消息内容
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HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
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// 把消息对象直接转换为字符串
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String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
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//showTextView.setText(content);
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//通过webview来解析网页
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webView.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, content, "text/html", "utf-8", null);
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//给点url来进行解析
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//webView.loadUrl(url);
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} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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}
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}
三、使用webService
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public class LoginActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
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private Button loginBtn;
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private static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/loginservice/LoginServicePort";
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private static final String NAMESPACE = "http://service.lovo.com/";
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@Override
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protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
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setContentView(R.layout.login_main);
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loginBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.login_main_btn_login);
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loginBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
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}
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@Override
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public void onClick(View v) {
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if(v == loginBtn){
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//创建WebService的连接对象
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HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);
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//通过SOAP1.1协议对象得到envelop
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SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
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//根据命名空间和方法名来创建SOAP对象
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SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, "validate");
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//向调用方法传递参数
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soapObject.addProperty("arg0", "abc");
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soapObject.addProperty("arg1","123");
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//将SoapObject对象设置为SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的传出SOAP消息
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envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;
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try {
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//开始调用远程的方法
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httpSE.call(null, envelop);
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//得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象
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SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.bodyIn;
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//根据名为return的键来获取里面的值，这个值就是方法的返回值
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String returnStr = resultObj.getProperty("return").toString();
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Toast.makeText(this, "返回值："+returnStr, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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}
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}
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