设计模式之责任链模式
1 责任链模式
责任链模式(Chain of Responsibility Pattern)为请求创建了一个接收者对象的链。这种模式给予请求的类型,对请求的发送者和接收者进行解耦。这种类型的设计模式属于行为型模式。在这种模式中,通常每个接收者都包含对另一个接收者的引用。如果一个对象不能处理该请求,那么它会把相同的请求传给下一个接收者,依此类推。
2 优点和缺点
职责链上的处理者负责处理请求,客户只需要将请求发送到职责链上即可,无须关心请求的处理细节和请求的传递,所以职责链将请求的发送者和请求的处理者解耦了。
3 测试Demo类图
我们创建抽象类 AbstractLogger,带有详细的日志记录级别。然后我们创建三种类型的记录器,都扩展了 AbstractLogger。每个记录器消息的级别是否属于自己的级别,如果是则相应地打印出来,否则将不打印并把消息传给下一个记录器
4 代码实现
1) AbstractLogger.java
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public abstract class AbstractLogger {
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public static int INFO = 1;
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public static int DEBUG = 2;
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public static int ERROR = 3;
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protected int level;
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//责任链中的下一个元素
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protected AbstractLogger nextLogger;
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public void setNextLogger(AbstractLogger nextLogger){
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this.nextLogger = nextLogger;
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}
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public void logMessage(int level, String message){
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if(this.level <= level){
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write(message);
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}
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if(nextLogger !=null){
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nextLogger.logMessage(level, message);
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}
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}
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abstract protected void write(String message);
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}
2)ConsoleLogger.java
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public class ConsoleLogger extends AbstractLogger {
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public ConsoleLogger(int level){
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this.level = level;
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}
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@Override
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protected void write(String message) {
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System.out.println("Standard Console::Logger: " + message);
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}
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}
3)ErrorLogger.java
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public class ErrorLogger extends AbstractLogger {
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public ErrorLogger(int level){
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this.level = level;
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}
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@Override
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protected void write(String message) {
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System.out.println("Error Console::Logger: " + message);
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}
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}
4)FileLogger.java
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public class FileLogger extends AbstractLogger {
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public FileLogger(int level){
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this.level = level;
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}
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@Override
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protected void write(String message) {
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System.out.println("File::Logger: " + message);
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}
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}
5) ChainPatternDemo.java
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public class ChainPatternDemo {
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private static AbstractLogger getChainOfLoggers(){
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AbstractLogger errorLogger = new ErrorLogger(AbstractLogger.ERROR);
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AbstractLogger fileLogger = new FileLogger(AbstractLogger.DEBUG);
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AbstractLogger consoleLogger = new ConsoleLogger(AbstractLogger.INFO);
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errorLogger.setNextLogger(fileLogger);
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fileLogger.setNextLogger(consoleLogger);
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return errorLogger;
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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AbstractLogger loggerChain = getChainOfLoggers();
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loggerChain.logMessage(AbstractLogger.INFO, "This is an information.");
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loggerChain.logMessage(AbstractLogger.DEBUG,
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"This is a debug level information.");
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loggerChain.logMessage(AbstractLogger.ERROR,
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"This is an error information.");
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}
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}
5 运行结果
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Standard Console::Logger: This is an information.
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File::Logger: This is a debug level information.
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Standard Console::Logger: This is a debug level information.
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Error Console::Logger: This is an error information.
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File::Logger: This is an error information.
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Standard Console::Logger: This is an error information.
参考地址:https://www.runoob.com/design-pattern/chain-of-responsibility-pattern.html
文章来源: chenyu.blog.csdn.net,作者:chen.yu,版权归原作者所有,如需转载,请联系作者。
原文链接:chenyu.blog.csdn.net/article/details/103414712
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