dataguard通过rman实现增量备份和恢复

适用版本：

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 10.2.0.1 to 12.1.0.2 [Release 10.2 to 12.1]

#检查备库SCN

SQL> SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM V$DATABASE;

CURRENT_SCN
--------------
3164433


SQL> select min(checkpoint_change#) from v$datafile_header
where file# not in (select file# from v$datafile where enabled = 'READ ONLY');

MIN(F.FHSCN)
----------------
3162298

#主数据库执行增量备份:

RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL FROM SCN 3162298 DATABASE FORMAT '/tmp/ForStandby_%U' tag 'FORSTANDBY';

#拷贝到备机，并注册到控制文件：

$ scp /tmp/ForStandby_* standby:/tmp
#注册
RMAN> CATALOG START WITH '/tmp/ForStandby';

#备机执行增量恢复

RMAN> RECOVER DATABASE NOREDO;

#备份主库控制文件（for standby）

RMAN> BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE FOR STANDBY FORMAT '/tmp/ForStandbyCTRL.bck';

#拷贝到备机，恢复新控制文件：

$ scp /tmp/ForStandbyCTRL.bck standby:/tmp

RMAN> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE ;
RMAN> STARTUP NOMOUNT;
RMAN> RESTORE STANDBY CONTROLFILE FROM '/tmp/ForStandbyCTRL.bck';

RMAN> ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;

#如果主备文件位置不同，备机需要重新注册：

RMAN> CATALOG START WITH '+DATA/STBY/datafile/';
RMAN> SWITCH DATABASE TO COPY;
#切换单个文件位置："RMAN-06571: datafile .. does not have recoverable copy" 
For example:
RMAN>  switch datafile 5 to copy; 

#清理日志信息，并启动日志应用：

#On STANDBY database, clear all standby redo log groups:
SQL> select GROUP# from v$logfile where TYPE='STANDBY' group by GROUP#;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP 1;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP 2;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP 

#On the STANDBY database, start the MRP
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT;