加上你的准备的时间，估计30分钟完全够用了，因为最近在做爬虫管理平台，想着快速开发，没想到python web平台下有这么非常方便的框架，简洁而优雅。将自己的一些坑总结出来，方便给大家的使用。
准备环境：
系统：win7 or ubuntu
django版本：1.8.5
python版本：2.7.6
数据库：自带的SQLLITE3
IDE: sublime text 3
===========================Read ? go===================================
一，选择文件夹，用命令行创建文件夹
sudo django-admin startproject mysite
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sudo django-admin startproject mysite
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可以看到mysite文件夹，用命令行切换下mysite文件夹里面情况
. ├── manage.py └── mysite ├── __init__.py ├── settings.py ├── urls.py └── wsgi.py 1 directory, 5 files
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.
├── manage.py
└── mysite
├── __init__.py
├── settings.py
├── urls.py
└── wsgi.py
1 directory, 5 files
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而manage.py就是我们管理mysite文件夹管理命令文件，用sublime text 3打开该文件夹。
二，在site下建立app ，输入命令：
sudo python manage.py startapp spiderinfo
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sudo python manage.py startapp spiderinfo
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这个时候文件夹的情况如下：
2015-10-18 17:09:24 ☆ BruceUbuntu in ~/Desktop/djangoprojects/mysite ○ → tree . ├── manage.py ├── mysite │ ├── __init__.py │ ├── __init__.pyc │ ├── settings.py │ ├── settings.pyc │ ├── urls.py │ └── wsgi.py └── spiderinfo ├── admin.py ├── __init__.py ├── migrations │ └── __init__.py ├── models.py ├── tests.py └── views.py
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2015-10-18 17:09:24 ☆ BruceUbuntu in ~/Desktop/djangoprojects/mysite
○ → tree
.
├── manage.py
├── mysite
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __init__.pyc
│ ├── settings.py
│ ├── settings.pyc
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── wsgi.py
└── spiderinfo
├── admin.py
├── __init__.py
├── migrations
│ └── __init__.py
├── models.py
├── tests.py
└── views.py
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三，app情况已经创建好了，django自带了ORM，我们只需要关注代码层的情况就可以了。
这个时候打开spiderinfo文件夹下的models.py，我们来简单的设计两张表
spider爬虫表，spiderconfig爬虫配置表
代码如下：
from django.db import models # Create your models here. class SpiderConfig(models.Model): """docstring for SpiderConfig""" cid = models.AutoField(primary_key = True) configname = models.CharField(max_length = 200) createtime = models.DateTimeField() class Spider(models.Model): Sid = models.AutoField(primary_key = True) SpiderName = models.CharField(max_length=200) Config = models.ForeignKey(SpiderConfig,to_field='cid') Enable = models.BooleanField(default = True)
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from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class SpiderConfig(models.Model):
"""docstring for SpiderConfig"""
cid = models.AutoField(primary_key = True)
configname = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
createtime = models.DateTimeField()
class Spider(models.Model):
Sid = models.AutoField(primary_key = True)
SpiderName = models.CharField(max_length=200)
Config = models.ForeignKey(SpiderConfig,to_field='cid')
Enable = models.BooleanField(default = True)
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每个Spider有一个SpiderConfig配置方案，这样就有一个主外键的关系，我们先将写好的关系同步到数据库：
这个时候会自动产生脚本：
Operations to perform: Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, messages Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, auth, sessions Synchronizing apps without migrations: Creating tables... Running deferred SQL... Installing custom SQL... Running migrations: Rendering model states... DONE Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK Applying auth.0001_initial... OK Applying admin.0001_initial... OK Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
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Operations to perform:
Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, messages
Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, auth, sessions
Synchronizing apps without migrations:
Creating tables...
Running deferred SQL...
Installing custom SQL...
Running migrations:
Rendering model states... DONE
Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
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同步到数据库：
这个时候会产生同步的过程
○ → python manage.py syncdb /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py:24: RemovedInDjango19Warning: The syncdb command will be removed in Django 1.9 warnings.warn("The syncdb command will be removed in Django 1.9", RemovedInDjango19Warning) Operations to perform: Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, messages Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, auth, sessions Synchronizing apps without migrations: Creating tables... Running deferred SQL... Installing custom SQL... Running migrations: No migrations to apply. You have installed Django's auth system, and don't have any superusers defined. Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes Username (leave blank to use 'bruce'): Email address: nice_game@163.com Password: Password (again): Superuser created successfully.
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○ → python manage.py syncdb
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py:24: RemovedInDjango19Warning: The syncdb command will be removed in Django 1.9
warnings.warn("The syncdb command will be removed in Django 1.9", RemovedInDjango19Warning)
Operations to perform:
Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, messages
Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, auth, sessions
Synchronizing apps without migrations:
Creating tables...
Running deferred SQL...
Installing custom SQL...
Running migrations:
No migrations to apply.
You have installed Django's auth system, and don't have any superusers defined.
Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes
Username (leave blank to use 'bruce'):
Email address: nice_game@163.com
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.
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这个时候会让你输入管理界面的用户名密码，正常输入就可以了。
四，运行server，打开从网页中打开。
python manage.py runserver
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python manage.py runserver
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打开server,输入网址：
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
我们就可以在后台中看到管理界面了：
五，管理的后台看不到里面的内容，这个时候我们要编辑admin.py的内容，在后台管理界面来显示
代码：
from django.contrib import admin import spiderinfo.models as app # Register your models here. class SpiderConfigAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): #要显示的字段列表 list_display = ['Cid','Configname','Createtime'] #要搜索的字段列表 search_fields = ['Configname','Createtime'] list_filter = ['Createtime'] #max show count #list_max_show_all = 100 #Config_id class SpiderAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display =['SpiderName','Config','Enable'] #这里特别说明，比如我要根据外键的ConfigName来在Spider实体中的 search_fields = ['SpiderName','Config__Configname'] list_filter = ['Enable','SpiderName'] admin.site.register(app.Spider ,SpiderAdmin) admin.site.register(app.SpiderConfig , SpiderConfigAdmin)
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from django.contrib import admin
import spiderinfo.models as app
# Register your models here.
class SpiderConfigAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
#要显示的字段列表
list_display = ['Cid','Configname','Createtime']
#要搜索的字段列表
search_fields = ['Configname','Createtime']
list_filter = ['Createtime']
#max show count
#list_max_show_all = 100
#Config_id
class SpiderAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display =['SpiderName','Config','Enable']
#这里特别说明，比如我要根据外键的ConfigName来在Spider实体中的
search_fields = ['SpiderName','Config__Configname']
list_filter = ['Enable','SpiderName']
admin.site.register(app.Spider ,SpiderAdmin)
admin.site.register(app.SpiderConfig , SpiderConfigAdmin)
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最的一步，在settings.py里面为我们的应用注册
效果如下：
============================end============================
总结：说30分钟，其实只是建立一个快速搭建的界面，django写的这么优雅和简洁，30分钟怎么可能了解全部呢，一个好的东西是需要花时间好好学习的。
文章来源: brucedone.com，作者：大鱼的鱼塘，版权归原作者所有，如需转载，请联系作者。
原文链接：brucedone.com/archives/113
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