串的定长表示

思想和代码都不难，和线性表也差不多，串本来就是数据受限的线性表。

串连接：

  

   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <stdio.h>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #include <string.h>
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      //串的定长顺序存储表示
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      #define MAXSTRLEN 255 //用户可在255以内定义最大串长
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      typedef unsigned char SString[MAXSTRLEN + 1];	//0号单元存放串的长度
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      int Concat(SString *T,SString S1,SString S2)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	//用T返回S1和S2联接而成的新串。若未截断返回1，若截断返回0
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	int i = 1,j,uncut = 0;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	if(S1[0] + S2[0] <= MAXSTRLEN)	//未截断
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	{
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		for (i = 1; i <= S1[0]; i++)//赋值时等号不可丢
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      			(*T)[i] = S1[i];
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		for (j = 1; j <= S2[0]; j++)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      			(*T)[S1[0]+j] = S2[j];	//(*T)[i+j] = S2[j]
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      		(*T)[0] = S1[0] + S2[0];
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      		uncut = 1;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	}
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	else if(S1[0] < MAXSTRLEN)		//截断
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	{
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		for (i = 1; i <= S1[0]; i++)//赋值时等号不可丢
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      			(*T)[i] = S1[i];
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		for (j = S1[0] + 1; j <= MAXSTRLEN; j++)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      		{
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      			(*T)[j] = S2[j - S1[0] ];
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      			(*T)[0] = MAXSTRLEN;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      			uncut = 0;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      		}
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	}
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	else
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	{
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		for (i = 0; i <= MAXSTRLEN; i++)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      			(*T)[i] = S1[i];
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		/*或者分开赋值，先赋值内容，再赋值长度
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       for (i = 1; i <= MAXSTRLEN; i++)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       (*T)[i] = S1[i];
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       (*T)[0] = MAXSTRLEN;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       */
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      		uncut = 0;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	}
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	return uncut;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      int SubString(SString *Sub,SString S,int pos,int len)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	//用Sub返回串S的第pos个字符起长度为len的子串
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	//其中，1 ≤ pos ≤ StrLength(S)且0 ≤ len ≤ StrLength(S) - pos + 1(从pos开始到最后有多少字符)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	//第1个字符的下标为1,因为第0个字符存放字符长度
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	int i;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	if(pos < 1 || pos > S[0] || len < 0 || len > S[0] - pos + 1)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		return 0;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	for (i = 1; i <= len; i++)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	{
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		//S中的[pos,len]的元素 -> *Sub中的[1,len]
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      		(*Sub)[i] = S[pos + i - 1];//下标运算符 > 寻址运算符的优先级
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	}
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	(*Sub)[0] = len;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	return 1;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      void PrintStr(SString S)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	int i;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	for (i = 1; i <= S[0]; i++)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		printf("%c",S[i]);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	printf("\n");
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      int main(void)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	/*定长顺序存储初始化和打印的方法
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       SString s = {4,'a','b','c','d'};
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       int i;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       //s = "abc"; //不可直接赋值
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       for (i = 1; i <= s[0]; i++)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       printf("%c",s[i]);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       */
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	SString s1 = {4,'a','b','c','d'};
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	SString s2 = {4,'e','f','g','h'},s3;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	SString T,Sub;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	int i;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	for (i = 1; i <= 255; i++)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	{
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      		s3[i] = 'a';
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
		if(i >= 248)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      			s3[i] = 'K';
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	}
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	s3[0] = 255;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	SubString(&Sub,s3,247,8);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      	PrintStr(Sub);
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
	return 0;
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      }
     
    
  
 

文章来源: fantianzuo.blog.csdn.net，作者：兔老大RabbitMQ，版权归原作者所有，如需转载，请联系作者。

原文链接：fantianzuo.blog.csdn.net/article/details/83505987