Java基于Swing的图形用户界面开发实验
实验五 基于Swing的图形用户界面开发实验
一 实验内容
(1)完成开发界面如图所示,实现如下功能
选中“查看已有名片”按钮,程序处于查看状态,可以在“名片列表”中选择要查看的名片,程序在“名片详实信息”栏显示该名片的详实信息,此状态中名片信息处于不可编辑状态
选中“添加新名片”按钮,程序处于添加状态,所有关于明天信息的项目都处于可编辑状态,设置完成相关信息后,单击“添加”按钮,在“名片列表”中出现新添加名片的名称。单击“清空”按钮可以清空还没提交的内容
在查看状态和添加状态下,都可以通过点击“爱好”、“学历”单选按钮以显示名片的不同附加信息
(备注:名片附加信息部分,当点击“爱好”按钮时显示的如图1所示,当点击“学历”按钮时显示如图2所示。)
在这里插入图片描述
图1
在这里插入图片描述
图2
(2)记事本设计与实现
如图所示(1)编程实现如图所示的界面(2)实现文件、编辑、格式、查看,帮助菜单(3)实现记事本的基本功能
二 实验目的
(1)理解组件的分类
(2)掌握容器、布局管理器、普通组件的使用
(3)理解事件处理机制的工作原理
(4)掌握事件的添加和功能代码的编写方法
三 实验过程
(1)问题分析
1.
名片的设计除了使用最基本的组件,如 JButton,Jlist,JCheckBox, JTextField, JRadioButton, CardLayout 以外,最主要的是逻辑事件的编写,在成功布局完见面后, 就需要编写事件处理。首先,由于是名片信息,保存着一个人的基本信息,所以可以 用一个类来表示,如 PersonInf 类,其次,由于是多个人的信息,可以通过 ArrayList 来存放类;其次就是当点击按钮的时候,正确添加和显示信息,此处用到 cardLayout 布局,可以减少界面的复杂度,在使用JList的时候,除了加滚动条意外,还需要listModel 获取数据等。
2.
编程实现如图所示的界面,实现文件、编辑、格式、查看,帮助菜单,实现记事本的基本功能
(2)代码编写
1.
package hh;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java. awt. EventQueue;
import javax. swing.JFrame;
import javax. swing.JPanel;
import javax. swing.border. EmptyBorder;
import javax.swing.JInternalFrame;
import javax.swing.JRadioButton;
import javax.swing.JLayeredPane;
import javax. swing.JSplitPane;
import javax.swing. BorderFactory;
import javax. swing.Box;
import javax.swing.DefaultListModel;
import java.awt.Component;
import javax.swing.border.SoftBevelBorder;
import javax. swing.event. ListSelectionEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ListSelectionListener;
import javax. swing.border. BevelBorder;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax. swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax. swing.border.EtchedBorder;
import javax.swing.JFormattedTextField;
import javax.swing.JSpinner;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.JList;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import java.awt.Color;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.ItemEvent;
import java. awt. event. ItemListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.CardLayout;
public class Message {
public String yourname;
public String address1;
public String address2;
public String email;
public String sing = null;
public String dance = null;
public String web = null;
public String football = null;
public String basketball = null;
public String volleyball = null;
public String xueshi = null;
public String shuoshi = null;
public String boshi = null;
public String qita=null;
public Message(String yourname, String address1, String address2, String
email,String sing, String dance,String web, String football, Stringbasketball,
String volleyball,String xueshi,String shuoshi,String boshi,String qita) {
super();
this.yourname = yourname;
this.address1 = address1;
this.address2 = address2;
this.email = email;this.sing = sing;
this.dance = dance;
this.web = web;
this.football = football;
this.basketball = basketball;
this.volleyball = volleyball;
this.xueshi = xueshi;
this.shuoshi = shuoshi;
this.boshi = boshi;
this.qita = qita;
}
}
public class Nith extends JFrame{
private JPanel contentPane;
public JTextField nametext;
public JTextField address1test;
public JTextField address2test;
public JTextField emailtest;
public JButton addmessagebutton;
public JButton clearbutton;
private JList list;
//学历,爱好,添加新名片,查看名片的按钮
private JRadioButton rdbtnNewRadioButton_2;
private JRadioButton rdbtnNewRadioButton_3;
public JRadioButton rdbtnNewRadioButton_1;
public JRadioButton rdbtnNewRadioButton;
private JPanel panel_4;
//学历和爱好内的多选项的公的
public JCheckBox singbox;
public JCheckBox dancebox;
public JCheckBox webbox;
public JCheckBox footballbox;
public JCheckBox basketballbox;
public JCheckBox volleyballbox;
public JCheckBox xueshibox;
public JCheckBox boshibox;
public JCheckBox shuoshibox;
public JCheckBox qitabox;
ListSelectionModel listSelectionModel;
CardLayout mycard; //用于切換爰好和学万未片
//定乂默圦的list模型
DefaultListModel defaultListModel = new DefaultListModel();
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
Nith frame = new Nith();
frame.setVisible(true);
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
//窗体的构造函数,用于设定相关组件并且添加事件,合理安排组建的位置
public Nith() {
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100, 100, 464, 338);contentPane = new JPanel();
contentPane. setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
setContentPane(contentPane);
contentPane.setLayout(null);
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel. setBounds(0, 0, 459, 316);
contentPane.add(panel);
panel.setLayout(null);
Box horizontalBox =Box.createHorizontalBox();
horizontalBox. setBounds(131, 203, 121,-41);
panel.add(horizontalBox);
Box horizontalBox_1 =Box.createHorizontalBox();
horizontalBox_1.setBounds(0, 0, 1, 1);
panel.add(horizontalBox_1);
JPanel panel_1 = new JPanel();
panel_1.setBounds(16, 27, 166, 66);
panel_1 .setBorder(BorderFactory.createLoweredSoftBevelBorder());
panel. add(panel_1);
rdbtnNewRadioButton_1 = new JRadioButton("查看已有名片");
rdbtnNewRadioButton_1.setSelected(true);
panel_1.add(rdbtnNewRadioButton_1);
rdbtnNewRadioButton_1.addActionListener(new cardseechangelistener());
rdbtnNewRadioButton = new JRadioButton("添加新名片");
panel_1.add(rdbtnNewRadioButton);
rdbtnNewRadioButton.addActionListener(new cardseechangelistener());
ButtonGroup group2 = new ButtonGroup();
group2.add(rdbtnNewRadioButton_1);
group2.add(rdbtnNewRadioButton);
JPanel panel_2 = new JPanel();
panel_2.setBorder(new SoftBevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED,null, null, null, null));
panel_2.setBounds(194, 27, 248, 182);
panel.add(panel_2);
panel_2.setLayout(null);
JLabel lblNewLabel = new JLabel("姓名");
lblNewLabel. setBounds(34, 13, 61, 16);
panel_2. add(lblNewLabel);
nametext = new JTextField();
nametext.setBounds(100, 8, 130, 26);
panel_2. add(nametext);
nametext.setColumns(10);
address1test = new JTextField(); address1test.setColumns(10);
address1test.setBounds(100, 36, 130, 26);
panel_2.add(address1test);
JLabel label = new JLabel("地址");
label.setBounds(34, 41, 61,16);
panel_2.add(label);
address2test = new JTextField();
address2test.setColumns(10);
address2test.setBounds(100, 64, 130, 26);
panel_2. add(address2test);
JLabel label_1 = new JLabel("联系地址");
label_1.setBounds(28, 69, 61,16);
panel_2. add(label_1);
JLabel label_2 = new JLabel("电子邮件");
label_2.setBounds(28, 97, 61,16);
panel_2.add(label_2);
emailtest = new JTextField();
emailtest.setColumns(10);
emailtest. setBounds(100, 92, 130, 26);
panel_2.add(emailtest);
rdbtnNewRadioButton_2 = new JRadioButton("爱好");
rdbtnNewRadioButton_2.setBounds(18,125, 61,16);
panel_2.add(rdbtnNewRadioButton_2);
rdbtnNewRadioButton_2.addActionListener(new cardchangelistener());
rdbtnNewRadioButton_3 = new JRadioButton("学历");
rdbtnNewRadioButton_3.setBounds(18,153, 61,16);
panel_2.add(rdbtnNewRadioButton_3);
rdbtnNewRadioButton_3. addActionListener(new cardchangelistener());
ButtonGroup group1 = new ButtonGroup();
group1.add(rdbtnNewRadioButton_2);
group1.add(rdbtnNewRadioButton_3);
addmessagebutton = new JButton("添加");
addmessagebutton.addActionListener(new addmessagebuttonlistener());
addmessagebutton.setBounds(123, 121,85, 27);
panel_2.add(addmessagebutton);//清空按钮,点击时触发清空的事件
clearbutton = new JButton("清空");
clearbutton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(e.getSource() == clearbutton) {
singbox.setSelected(false);
dancebox.setSelected(false);
webbox. setSelected(false);
footballbox. setSelected(false);
basketballbox.setSelected(false);
volleyballbox.setSelected(false);
xueshibox.setSelected(false);
shuoshibox.setSelected(false);
boshibox. setSelected(false);
qitabox.setSelected(false);
nametext. setText("");
address1test.setText("");
address2test.setText("");
emailtest.setText("");
}
}
});
clearbutton.setBounds(123, 149, 85, 27);
panel_2.add(clearbutton);
clearbutton. setEnabled(false);
addmessagebutton.setEnabled(false);
JPanel panel_3 = new JPanel();
panel_3. setBorder(new SoftBevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED,null, null, null, null));
panel_3.setBounds(16, 123, 166, 187);
panel.add(panel_3);
panel_3.setLayout(null);
list = new JList();
list.setModel(defaultListModel);
list.setBounds(19, 82, 85, 87);
listSelectionModel =list.getSelectionModel();
listSelectionModel.addListSelectionListener(new SharedListSelectionHandler());
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(list);
scrollPane.setBounds(6, 6, 154, 175);
panel_3.add(scrollPane);
panel_4 = new JPanel();
panel_4.setBounds(194, 232, 248, 78);
panel.add(panel_4);
mycard = new CardLayout();
panel_4.setLayout(mycard);
JPanel panel_5 = new JPanel();
panel_5.setBorder(new SoftBevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED,null, null, null, null));
panel_4.add(panel_5);
panel_5.setLayout(null);
singbox = new JCheckBox("唱歌");
singbox. setBounds(6, 16, 66, 23);
panel_5.add(singbox);
dancebox = new JCheckBox("跳舞");
dancebox.setBounds(82, 16, 66, 23);
panel_5. add(dancebox);
webbox = new JCheckBox("上网");
webbox.setBounds(160, 16, 66, 23);
panel_5.add(webbox);
footballbox = new JCheckBox("足球");
footballbox.setBounds(6, 41, 66, 23);
panel_5.add(footballbox);
basketballbox = new JCheckBox("篮球");
basketballbox.setBounds(82, 41, 66, 23);
panel_5.add(basketballbox);
volleyballbox = new JCheckBox("排球");
volleyballbox.setBounds(160, 41, 66, 23);
panel_5.add(volleyballbox);
JPanel panel_6 = new JPanel();
panel_6.setBorder(new SoftBevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED,
null,null,null,null));
panel_4.add(panel_6);
panel_6.setLayout(null);
xueshibox = new JCheckBox("学士");
xueshibox.setBounds(16, 16, 75, 23);
panel_6. add(xueshibox);
boshibox = new JCheckBox("博士");
boshibox. setBounds(16, 49, 83, 23);
panel_6.add(boshibox);
shuoshibox = new JCheckBox("硕士");
shuoshibox.setBounds(111, 16, 75, 23);
panel_6.add(shuoshibox);
qitabox = new JCheckBox("其他");
qitabox.setBounds(111, 49, 111, 23);
panel_6.add(qitabox);
nametext.setEnabled(false);
address1test. setEnabled(false);
address2test.setEnabled(false);
emailtest.setEnabled(false);
JLabel IbINewLabel_1 = new JLabel("选择动作");
IbINewLabel_1.setBounds(16, 6, 61,16);
panel.add(IbINewLabel_1);
JLabel IbINewLabel_2 = new JLabel("名片详细信息");
IbINewLabel_2.setBounds(194, 6, 84, 16);
panel.add(IbINewLabel_2);
JLabel IbINewLabel_3 = new JLabel("名片附加信息");
IbINewLabel_3.setBounds(191, 214, 87,16);
panel.add(IbINewLabel_3);
JLabel IbINewLabel_4 = new JLabel("名片列表");
IbINewLabel_4.setBounds(16, 105, 61,16);
panel.add(IbINewLabel_4);
}
public ArrayList <Message> items = new ArrayList<>();
//当点击添加按钮时将文本编辑框及多选框中的信息保存到新建的personInf类中
//并且将每个新建的personInf放到ArrayList中,只将名字显示到list中
class addmessagebuttonlistener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(e.getSource() == addmessagebutton){
System.out.println("you addaddmessagebutton");
String dance = null;
String sing = null;
String web = null;
String football = null;
String basketball = null;
String volleyball = null;
String xueshi = null;
String shuoshi = null;
String boshi = null;
String qita = null;
if(singbox.isSelected()){ sing = singbox.getText(); }
if(dancebox.isSelected()){ dance = dancebox.getText(); }
if(webbox.isSelected()) { web = webbox.getText(); }
if(xueshibox.isSelected()){ xueshi = xueshibox.getText(); }
if(shuoshibox.isSelected()){ shuoshi = shuoshibox.getText();}
if(boshibox.isSelected()){ boshi = boshibox.getText(); }
if(qitabox.isSelected()){ qita = qitabox.getText(); }
if(footballbox.isSelected()){football=footballbox.getText();}
if(basketballbox.isSelected()){
basketball=basketballbox.getText(); }
if(volleyballbox.isSelected()){
volleyball = volleyballbox.getText(); }
Message p1 = new Message(nametext.getText(),address1test.getText(),address2test.getText(), emailtest.getText(),sing,dance,web,football,basketball,volleyball
,xueshi,shuoshi,boshi,qita);items.add(p1);
defaultListModel. addElement("名字为:"+p1.yourname);
}
}
}
//此处用于判断是选择爱好卡片还是学历卡片
class cardchangelistener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
//TODO Auto-generated method stub//如果选择的是爱好,则显示爱好的界面
if(rdbtnNewRadioButton_2.isSelected()){
mycard.next(panel_4);
}
//如果是选择学历,则显示学历的界面
if(rdbtnNewRadioButton_3.isSelected()){
mycard.previous(panel_4);
}
}
}
//此处是用与判断名片的两种状态,如果是查看已有名片则将可编辑区的属性设置为不可编辑,如果是添加现有名片,则可以编辑
class cardseechangelistener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(e.getSource() == rdbtnNewRadioButton)
nametext.setEnabled(true);
address1test.setEnabled(true);
address2test.setEnabled(true);
emailtest.setEnabled(true);
addmessagebutton.setEnabled(true);
clearbutton.setEnabled(true);
rdbtnNewRadioButton_2.setSelected(true);
singbox.setEnabled(true);
dancebox.setEnabled(true);
webbox.setEnabled(true);
footballbox.setEnabled(true);
basketballbox.setEnabled(true);
volleyballbox.setEnabled(true);
xueshibox.setEnabled(true);
boshibox.setEnabled(true);
shuoshibox.setEnabled(true);
qitabox.setEnabled(true);
if(e.getSource() ==rdbtnNewRadioButton_1){
nametext.setEnabled(false);
address1test.setEnabled(false);
address2test.setEnabled(false);
emailtest.setEnabled(false);
addmessagebutton.setEnabled(false);
clearbutton.setEnabled(false);
singbox.setSelected(false);
dancebox.setSelected(false);
webbox.setSelected(false);
footballbox.setSelected(false);
basketballbox.setSelected(false);
volleyballbox.setSelected(false);
xueshibox.setSelected(false);
shuoshibox.setSelected(false);
boshibox.setSelected(false);
qitabox.setSelected(false);
singbox.setEnabled(false);
dancebox.setEnabled(false);
webbox.setEnabled(false);
footballbox.setEnabled(false);
basketballbox.setEnabled(false);
volleyballbox.setEnabled(false);
xueshibox.setEnabled(false);
boshibox.setEnabled(false);
shuoshibox.setEnabled(false);
qitabox. setEnabled(false);
}
}
}
//list中的事件处理器,当点击list中的选项时,将类信息显示到文本框中
//与radiobutton上,此时处理不可编辑状态
class SharedListSelectionHandler implements ListSelectionListener{
@Override
public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub//将学历及爱好的编辑状态设为不可编辑
singbox.setSelected(false);
dancebox.setSelected(false);
webbox.setSelected(false);
footballbox.setSelected(false);
basketballbox.setSelected(false);
volleyballbox.setSelected(false);
xueshibox.setSelected(false);
shuoshibox.setSelected(false);
boshibox.setSelected(false);
qitabox.setSelected(false);
//获取list的index值
int k= 0;
k = list.getSelectedIndex();
//创建PersonInf空类,用于存储从arraylist中获取的类对象
Message px = null;
px = items.get(k);
//将此类的信息显示到相应的组件.上
nametext.setText(px.yourname);
address1test.setText(px.address1 );
address2test.setText(px. address2);
emailtest.setText(px.email);
if(px.sing != null){ singbox.setSelected(true); }
if(px.dance != null){ dancebox. setSelected(true); }
if(px.web != null){ webbox.setSelected(true); }
if(px.football != null){ footballbox.setSelected(true);}
if(px.basketball != null){basketballbox.setSelected(true);}
if(px.volleyball != null){volleyballbox. setSelected(true);}
if(px.xueshi != null){ xueshibox. setSelected(true);}
if(px.shuoshi != null){ shuoshibox.setSelected(true);}
if(px.boshi != null){ boshibox. setSelected(true);}
if(px.qita != null){qitabox.setSelected(true);}
}
}
}
2.
package ch_5packages;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.Date;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Txt extends JFrame{
JMenuBar menub = new JMenuBar();
JTextArea text = new JTextArea();
JMenu files = new JMenu("文件(F)");
JMenu edit = new JMenu("编辑(E)");
JMenu formats = new JMenu("格式(O)");
JMenu look = new JMenu("査看(V)");
JMenu help = new JMenu("帮助(H)");
JMenuItem newFile = new JMenuItem("新建(N)");
JMenuItem open = new JMenuItem("打幵(O)...");
JMenuItem save = new JMenuItem("保存(S)");
JMenuItem saveAs = new JMenuItem("另存为(A)...");
JMenuItem page = new JMenuItem("页面没置(U)...");
JMenuItem print = new JMenuItem("打印(P)...");
JMenuItem exit = new JMenuItem("退出(X)");
JMenuItem undo = new JMenuItem("撤消(U)");
JMenuItem cut = new JMenuItem("剪切(T)");
JMenuItem copy = new JMenuItem("复制(C)");
JMenuItem paste = new JMenuItem("粘贴(P)");
JMenuItem delete = new JMenuItem("删除(L)");
JMenuItem find = new JMenuItem("查找(F)");
JMenuItem findnext = new JMenuItem("查找下一个(N)");
JMenuItem replace = new JMenuItem("替换(R)");
JMenuItem go = new JMenuItem("转到(G)");
JMenuItem selectAll = new JMenuItem("全选(A)");
JMenuItem timeDate = new JMenuItem("时间/日期(D)");
JCheckBoxMenuItem lineWrap = new JCheckBoxMenuItem("自动换行(M)");
JMenuItem fonts = new JMenuItem("字体...");
JMenuItem state = new JMenuItem("√ 状态栏(S)...");
JMenuItem lookhelp = new JMenuItem("査看帮助(H)");
JMenuItem about = new JMenuItem("关于记事本(A)");
JFrame th = this;
String name;
String openedPath = null;
boolean opened = false;
boolean reworked = false;
Txt(String name) {
super(name);
this.name = name;
int x, y;
Dimension size = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
x = (size.width - 700) / 2;
y = (size.height - 500) / 2;
setSize(700, 500);
setLocation(x, y);
setMinimumSize(new Dimension(250, 150));
setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
void init() {
files.setMnemonic('F');
edit.setMnemonic('E');
formats.setMnemonic('O');
help.setMnemonic('H');
newFile.setMnemonic('N');
open.setMnemonic('O');
save.setMnemonic('S');
saveAs.setMnemonic('A');
page.setMnemonic('U');
exit.setMnemonic('X');
undo.setMnemonic('U');
cut.setMnemonic('T');
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版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「热爱学习呀」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/HYK_DJ5201314/article/details/115802561
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