安装oracle客户端并验证oracle客户端

#打开监听服务

lsnrctl start

#进入oracle数据库,打开实例

sqlplus / as sysdba  #或者sqlplus /nolog
startup   #关闭实例 shutdown immediate

安装oracle客户端

#创建oracle目录，进入oracle目录
mkdir -p oracle
cd oracle

#安装wget命令
yum -y install wget
#下载oracle客户端
wget https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/199000/oracle-instantclient19.9-basic-19.9.0.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm
wget https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/199000/oracle-instantclient19.9-sqlplus-19.9.0.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm
wget https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/199000/oracle-instantclient19.9-devel-19.9.0.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm
wget https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/199000/oracle-instantclient19.9-odbc-19.9.0.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm

#通过下面的命令安装 oracle-instantclient
yum -y install unixODBC unixODBC-devel
yum localinstall oracle-instantclient19.9-*
#oracle-instantclient的安装位置如下
/usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client64
/usr/share/oracle/19.9/client64
/usr/include/oracle/19.9/client64

保证好监听和实例是运行状态

#打开监听
lsnrctl start

实例名和服务名很重要，后面都会用到

su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
select instance_name from v$instance;
select global_name from global_name;
exit

配置SQLPlus连接

需要在/usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client64下创建 network/admin 文件夹，用来配置 tnsnames.ora

#配置SQLPLUS连接扩展
mkdir -p /usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client64/network/admin
vi /usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client64/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

#添加如下内容
test_oracle=
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = IP)(PORT = PORT))
     (CONNECT_DATA =
        (SERVER = DEDICATED)
        (SERVICE_NAME = 数据库SID服务名)   
     )
    )

#配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile

添加内容如下
export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client64
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/binsource /etc/profile

chmod +x /usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1
cd /usr/lib64/
ln -s libodbcinst.so.2.0.0  libodbcinst.so.1

#添加Oracle驱动
vi /etc/odbcinst.ini

#添加如下内容
[oracle]
Description     = Oracle ODBC driver for Oracle 12c
Driver          = /usr/lib/oracle/19.9/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1

#添加oracle数据源，IP，数据库服务名，用户，密码，自行添加
vi  /etc/odbc.ini
#添加如下内容
[test]
Driver = Oracle
ServerName = IP:1521/数据库SID
UserID = 
Password = 

进行ISQL测试

#验证是否配置成功
sql -v test 
sqlplus 用户名/密码@IP/oracle数据库服务名 #如sqlplus system/xxxx@IP:1521/cdb1

#给oracle创建监控用户
CREATE USER C##QGS123
IDENTIFIED BY QGS123
DEFAULT TABLESPACE SYSTEM
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP
PROFILE DEFAULT
ACCOUNT UNLOCK;

GRANT CONNECT TO C##QGS123;
GRANT RESOURCE TO C##QGS123;
GRANT SELECT ANY TABLE TO C##QGS123;
GRANT SELECT ANY DICTIONARY TO C##QGS123;
GRANT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO C##QGS123;
GRANT SELECT ANY DICTIONARY TO C##QGS123;
GRANT CREATE SESSION TO C##QGS123;

#注释
创建用户C##QGS，密码QGS123
默认表空间系统
临表空间温度
配置文件默认值
账户解锁；
允许连接到C##QGS；
向C##QGS授予资源；
允许选择任意表给C##QGS；
允许选择任意字典到C##QGS；
向C##QGS授予无限表空间；
允许选择任意字典到C##QGS；
将创建会话权限授予C##QGS；