Python+requests+unittest+excel实现接口自动化测试框架

一、框架结构：

 工程目录

代码：基于python2编写

二、Case文件设计

三、基础包 base

3.1 封装get/post请求（runmethon.py）

import requests
import json
class RunMethod:
def post_main(self,url,data,header=None):
res = None
 if header !=None:
 res = requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=header)
else:
 res = requests.post(url=url,data=data)
return res.json()

def get_main(self,url,data=None,header=None):
res = None
 if header !=None:
 res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,headers=header,verify=False)
else:
 res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,verify=False)
return res.json()

def run_main(self,method,url,data=None,header=None):
res = None
 if method == 'Post':
 res = self.post_main(url,data,header)
else:
 res = self.get_main(url,data,header)
return json.dumps(res,ensure_ascii=False,sort_keys=True,indent=2)

3.2 封装mock（mock.py）

from mock import mock
#模拟mock 封装
def mock_test(mock_method,request_data,url,method,response_data):
 mock_method = mock.Mock(return_value=response_data)
 res = mock_method(url,method,request_data)
return res

四、数据操作包 operation_data

4.1 获取excel单元格中的内容（get_data.py）  

#coding:utf-8
from tool.operation_excel import OperationExcel
import data_config
from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson
from tool.connect_db import OperationMysql
class GetData:
def __init__(self):
self.opera_excel = OperationExcel()

#去获取excel行数,就是case的个数
 def get_case_lines(self):
return self.opera_excel.get_lines()

#获取是否执行
 def get_is_run(self,row):
flag = None
 col = int(data_config.get_run())
 run_model = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
if run_model == 'yes':
 flag = True
 else:
 flag = False
 return flag

#是否携带header
 def is_header(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_header())
 header = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
if header != '':
return header
else:
return None
 #获取请求方式
 def get_request_method(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_run_way())
 request_method = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
return request_method

#获取url
 def get_request_url(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_url())
 url = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
return url

#获取请求数据
 def get_request_data(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_data())
 data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
if data == '':
return None
 return data

#通过获取关键字拿到data数据
 def get_data_for_json(self,row):
 opera_json = OperetionJson()
 request_data = opera_json.get_data(self.get_request_data(row))
return request_data

#获取预期结果
 def get_expcet_data(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_expect())
 expect = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
if expect == '':
return None
 return expect

#通过sql获取预期结果
 def get_expcet_data_for_mysql(self,row):
 op_mysql = OperationMysql()
 sql = self.get_expcet_data(row)
 res = op_mysql.search_one(sql)
return res.decode('unicode-escape')

def write_result(self,row,value):
 col = int(data_config.get_result())
self.opera_excel.write_value(row,col,value)

#获取依赖数据的key
 def get_depend_key(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_data_depend())
 depent_key = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
if depent_key == "":
return None
 else:
return depent_key

#判断是否有case依赖
 def is_depend(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_case_depend())
 depend_case_id = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
if depend_case_id == "":
return None
 else:
return depend_case_id

#获取数据依赖字段
 def get_depend_field(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_field_depend())
 data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
if data == "":
return None
 else:
return data

4.2 获取excel中每个列（data_config.py）

#coding:utf-8
class global_var:
#case_id
 Id = '0'
 request_name = '1'
 url = '2'
 run = '3'
 request_way = '4'
 header = '5'
 case_depend = '6'
 data_depend = '7'
 field_depend = '8'
 data = '9'
 expect = '10'
 result = '11'
#获取caseid
def get_id():
return global_var.Id

#获取url
def get_url():
return global_var.url

def get_run():
return global_var.run

def get_run_way():
return global_var.request_way

def get_header():
return global_var.header

def get_case_depend():
return global_var.case_depend

def get_data_depend():
return global_var.data_depend

def get_field_depend():
return global_var.field_depend

def get_data():
return global_var.data

def get_expect():
return global_var.expect

def get_result():
return global_var.result

def get_header_value():
return global_var.header

4.3 解决数据依赖（dependent.py ）

#coding:utf-8
import sys
import json
sys.path.append('C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA')
from tool.operation_excel import OperationExcel
from base.runmethod import RunMethod
from operation_data.get_data import GetData
from jsonpath_rw import jsonpath,parse
class DependdentData:
def __init__(self,case_id):
self.case_id = case_id
self.opera_excel = OperationExcel()
self.data = GetData()

#通过case_id去获取该case_id的整行数据
 def get_case_line_data(self):
 rows_data = self.opera_excel.get_rows_data(self.case_id)
return rows_data

#执行依赖测试，获取结果
 def run_dependent(self):
 run_method = RunMethod()
 row_num  = self.opera_excel.get_row_num(self.case_id)
 request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(row_num)
#header = self.data.is_header(row_num)
 method = self.data.get_request_method(row_num)
 url = self.data.get_request_url(row_num)
 res = run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data)
return json.loads(res)

#根据依赖的key去获取执行依赖测试case的响应,然后返回
 def get_data_for_key(self,row):
 depend_data = self.data.get_depend_key(row)
 response_data = self.run_dependent()
 json_exe = parse(depend_data)
 madle = json_exe.find(response_data)
return [math.value for math in madle][0]

if __name__ == '__main__':
 order = {
"data": {
"_input_charset": "utf-8",
 "body": "京东订单-1710141907182334",
 "it_b_pay": "1d",
 "notify_url": "http://order.imooc.com/pay/notifyalipay",
 "out_trade_no": "1710141907182334",
 "partner": "2088002966755334",
 "payment_type": "1",
 "seller_id": "yangyan01@tcl.com",
 "service": "mobile.securitypay.pay",
 "sign": "kZBV53KuiUf5HIrVLBCcBpWDg%2FnzO%2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI%2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQl
 pr%2BaMmdjO30JBgjqjj4mmM%2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX%2Bo4%3D", 
 "sign_type": "RSA",
 "string": "_input_charset=utf-8&body=京东订单-1710141907182334&it_b_pay=1d&notify_url=http://order.imooc.com/pay/
 notifyalipay&out_trade_no=1710141907182334&partner=2088002966755334&payment_type=1&seller_id=yangyan01@
 tcl.com&service=mobile.securitypay.pay&subject=京东订单-1710141907182334&total_fee=299&sign=kZBV53KuiUf5H
 IrVLBCcBpWDg%2FnzO%2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI%2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQlpr%2BaMmdjO30
 JBgjqjj4mmM%2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX%2Bo4%3D&sign_type=RSA", 
 "subject": "京东订单-1710141907182334",
 "total_fee": 299
 },
 "errorCode": 1000,
 "errorDesc": "成功",
 "status": 1,
 "timestamp": 1507979239100
 }
 res = "data.out_trade_no"
 json_exe = parse(res)
 madle = json_exe.find(order)
print [math.value for math in madle][0]

五、工具类包 tool

5.1 操作excel (operation_excel.py)

#coding:utf-8
import xlrd
from xlutils.copy import copy
class OperationExcel:
def __init__(self,file_name=None,sheet_id=None):
if file_name:
self.file_name = file_name
self.sheet_id = sheet_id 
else:
self.file_name = '../dataconfig/case1.xls'
 self.sheet_id = 0
 self.data = self.get_data()

#获取sheets的内容
 def get_data(self):
 data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
 tables = data.sheets()[self.sheet_id]
return tables

#获取单元格的行数
 def get_lines(self):
 tables = self.data
return tables.nrows

#获取某一个单元格的内容
 def get_cell_value(self,row,col):
return self.data.cell_value(row,col)

#写入数据
 def write_value(self,row,col,value):
'''
 写入excel数据
 row,col,value
 '''
 read_data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
 write_data = copy(read_data)
 sheet_data = write_data.get_sheet(0)
 sheet_data.write(row,col,value)
 write_data.save(self.file_name)

#根据对应的caseid 找到对应行的内容
 def get_rows_data(self,case_id):
 row_num = self.get_row_num(case_id)
 rows_data = self.get_row_values(row_num)
return rows_data

#根据对应的caseid找到对应的行号
 def get_row_num(self,case_id):
 num = 0
 clols_data = self.get_cols_data()
for col_data in clols_data:
if case_id in col_data:
return num
 num = num+1
 #根据行号，找到该行的内容
 def get_row_values(self,row):
 tables = self.data
 row_data = tables.row_values(row)
return row_data

#获取某一列的内容
 def get_cols_data(self,col_id=None):
if col_id != None:
 cols = self.data.col_values(col_id)
else:
 cols = self.data.col_values(0)
return cols
if __name__ == '__main__':
 opers = OperationExcel()
print opers.get_cell_value(1,2)

5.2判断字符串包含，判断字典是否相等（common_util.py）

#coding:utf-8
import json
class CommonUtil:
def is_contain(self,str_one,str_two):
'''
 判断一个字符串是否再另外一个字符串中
 str_one:查找的字符串
 str_two：被查找的字符串
 '''
 flag = None
 if isinstance(str_one,unicode):
 str_one = str_one.encode('unicode-escape').decode('string_escape')
return cmp(str_one,str_two)
if str_one in str_two:
 flag = True
 else:
 flag = False
 return flag
def is_equal_dict(self,dict_one,dict_two):
'''
 判断两个字典是否相等
 '''
 if isinstance(dict_one,str):
 dict_one = json.loads(dict_one)
if isinstance(dict_two,str):
 dict_two = json.loads(dict_two)
return cmp(dict_one,dict_two)

5.3 操作header（operation_herder.py）

# coding:utf-8
import requests
import json
from operation_json import OperetionJson
class OperationHeader:

def __init__(self ,response):
self.response = json.loads(response)

def get_response_url(self):
'''
 获取登录返回的token的url
 '''
 url = self.response['data']['url'][0]
return url

def get_cookie(self):
'''
 获取cookie的jar文件
 '''
 url = self.get_response_url( ) +"&callback=jQuery21008240514814031887_1508666806688&_=1508666806689"
 cookie = requests.get(url).cookies
return cookie

def write_cookie(self):
 cookie = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(self.get_cookie())
 op_json = OperetionJson()
 op_json.write_data(cookie)

if __name__ == '__main__':

 url = "http://www.jd.com/passport/user/login"
 data = {
"username" :"18513199586",
 "password" :"111111",
 "verify" :"",
 "referer" :"https://www.jd.com"
 }
 res = json.dumps(requests.post(url ,data).json())
 op_header = OperationHeader(res)
 op_header.write_cookie()

5.4 操作json文件（operation_json.py）

#coding:utf-8
import json
class OperetionJson:

def __init__(self,file_path=None):
if file_path  == None:
self.file_path = '../dataconfig/user.json'
 else:
self.file_path = file_path
self.data = self.read_data()

#读取json文件
 def read_data(self):
with open(self.file_path) as fp:
 data = json.load(fp)
return data

#根据关键字获取数据
 def get_data(self,id):
print type(self.data)
return self.data[id]

#写json
 def write_data(self,data):
with open('../dataconfig/cookie.json','w') as fp:
 fp.write(json.dumps(data))
if __name__ == '__main__':
 opjson = OperetionJson()
print opjson.get_data('shop')

5.5 操作数据库（connect_db.py）

#coding:utf-8
import MySQLdb.cursors
import json
class OperationMysql:
def __init__(self):
self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(
host='localhost',
 port=3306,
 user='root',
 passwd='123456',
 db='le_study',
 charset='utf8',
 cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor
 )
self.cur = self.conn.cursor()

#查询一条数据
 def search_one(self,sql):
self.cur.execute(sql)
 result = self.cur.fetchone()
 result = json.dumps(result)
return result

if __name__ == '__main__':
 op_mysql = OperationMysql()
 res = op_mysql.search_one("select * from web_user where Name='ailiailan'")
print res

5.6 发送报告邮件（send_email.py）

#coding:utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
class SendEmail:
global send_user
global email_host
global password
 email_host = "smtp.163.com"
 send_user = "jiaxiaonan666@163.com"
 password = "jia_668"
 def send_mail(self,user_list,sub,content):
 user = "jiaxiaonan"+"<"+send_user+">"
 message = MIMEText(content,_subtype='plain',_charset='utf-8')
 message['Subject'] = sub
 message['From'] = user
 message['To'] = ";".join(user_list)
 server = smtplib.SMTP()
 server.connect(email_host)
 server.login(send_user,password)
 server.sendmail(user,user_list,message.as_string())
 server.close()

def send_main(self,pass_list,fail_list):
 pass_num = float(len(pass_list))
 fail_num = float(len(fail_list))
 count_num = pass_num+fail_num
#90%
 pass_result = "%.2f%%" %(pass_num/count_num*100)
 fail_result = "%.2f%%" %(fail_num/count_num*100)
 user_list = ['609037724@qq.com']
 sub = "接口自动化测试报告"
 content = "此次一共运行接口个数为%s个，通过个数为%s个，失败个数为%s,通过率为%s,失败率为%s" %(count_num,pass_num,fail_num,pass_result,fail_result )
self.send_mail(user_list,sub,content)

if __name__ == '__main__':
 sen = SendEmail()
 sen.send_main([1,2,3,4],[2,3,4,5,6,7])

六、主函数

run_test.py

#coding:utf-8
import sys
sys.path.append("C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA")
from base.runmethod import RunMethod
from operation_data.get_data import GetData
from tool.common_util import CommonUtil
from operation_data.dependent_data import DependdentData
from tool.send_email import SendEmail
from tool.operation_header import OperationHeader
from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson
class RunTest:
def __init__(self):
self.run_method = RunMethod()
self.data = GetData()
self.com_util = CommonUtil()
self.send_mai = SendEmail()

#程序执行的
 def go_on_run(self):
res = None
 pass_count = []
 fail_count = []
#10  0,1,2,3
 rows_count = self.data.get_case_lines()
for i in range(1,rows_count):
 is_run = self.data.get_is_run(i)
if is_run:
 url = self.data.get_request_url(i)
 method = self.data.get_request_method(i)
 request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(i)
 expect = self.data.get_expcet_data_for_mysql(i)
 header = self.data.is_header(i)
 depend_case = self.data.is_depend(i)
if depend_case != None:
self.depend_data = DependdentData(depend_case)
#获取的依赖响应数据
 depend_response_data = self.depend_data.get_data_for_key(i)
#获取依赖的key
 depend_key = self.data.get_depend_field(i)
 request_data[depend_key] = depend_response_data
if header == 'write':
 res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data)
 op_header = OperationHeader(res)
 op_header.write_cookie()

elif header == 'yes':
 op_json = OperetionJson('../dataconfig/cookie.json')
 cookie = op_json.get_data('apsid')
 cookies = {
'apsid':cookie
 }
 res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data,cookies)
else:
 res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data)

if self.com_util.is_equal_dict(expect,res) == 0:
self.data.write_result(i,'pass')
 pass_count.append(i)
else:
self.data.write_result(i,res)
 fail_count.append(i)
self.send_mai.send_main(pass_count,fail_count)

#将执行判断封装
 #def get_cookie_run(self,header):
if __name__ == '__main__':
 run = RunTest()
 run.go_on_run()

Bye~

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