Python学习笔记(二):tuple属性及方法浅析
【摘要】 元组是存放任意元素集合,不能修改其内容.
简单创建元组
In [1]: T = () #创建一个空的元组 In [2]: TOut[2]: () In [3]: T = tuple() #创建一个空的元组 In [4]: TOut[4]: () In [8]: T = (1,) #创建包含一个对象的元组，不能写成T = (1)，这会被解释成T = 1 In...
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In [1]: T = () #创建一个空的元组
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In [2]: T
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Out[2]: ()
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In [3]: T = tuple() #创建一个空的元组
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In [4]: T
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Out[4]: ()
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In [8]: T = (1,) #创建包含一个对象的元组，不能写成T = (1)，这会被解释成T = 1
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In [9]: T
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Out[9]: (1,)
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In [10]: T = (1,2,3) #可以这样写
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In [11]: T
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Out[11]: (1, 2, 3)
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In [12]: T = 1,2,3,4,5 #也可以这样写
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In [13]: T
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Out[13]: (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
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In [1]: a,b = 1,2
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In [2]: a
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Out[2]: 1
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In [3]: b
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Out[3]: 2
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In [4]: a,b = b,a
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In [5]: a
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Out[5]: 2
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In [6]: b
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Out[6]: 1
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还可以这样写
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In [17]: a,*b = 1,2,3
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In [18]: a
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Out[18]: 1
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In [19]: b
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Out[19]: [2, 3]
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In [1]: T = tuple()
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In [2]: T.__len__() #可以调用元组的各种方法
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Out[2]: 0
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In [3]: s = "123"
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In [4]: T = tuple(s)
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In [5]: T
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Out[5]: ('1', '2', '3')
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In [6]: s #s本身不会改变
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Out[6]: '123'
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In [15]: t = tuple((1,2))
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In [16]: t
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Out[16]: (1, 2)
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In [1]: T = (1,2)
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In [2]: T.__add__((3,4))
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Out[2]: (1, 2, 3, 4)
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In [3]: T.__add__(3) #参数必须是元组，否则报错
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
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<ipython-input-3-c1bfa90c64b7> in <module>()
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----> 1 T.__add__(3)
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TypeError: can only concatenate tuple (not "int") to tuple
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In [1]: T = 1,2,'abc',[2,3]
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In [2]: T.__contains__(1)
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Out[2]: True
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In [3]: T.__contains__([2,3])
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Out[3]: True
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In [4]: T.__contains__([2])
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Out[4]: False
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相当于使用in
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In [5]: 1 in T
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Out[5]: True
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In [6]: [2,3] in T
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Out[6]: True
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In [7]: [2] in T
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Out[7]: False
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In [1]: T = 1,2,'abc',[2,3]
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In [2]: T.__eq__(5) #参数不是元组不能比较，但也不报错
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Out[2]: NotImplemented
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In [3]: T.__eq__((5,6)) #参数是元组可以比较是否相等
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Out[3]: False
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In [4]: T.__eq__([5,6]) #参数不是元组不能比较，但也不报错
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Out[4]: NotImplemented
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In [5]: T.__getattribute__('__gt__') __gt__ 是T的属性
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Out[5]: <method-wrapper '__gt__' of tuple object at 0x024F9660>
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In [6]: T.__getattribute__('gt') gt不是T的属性，报错
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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AttributeError Traceback (most recent call last)
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<ipython-input-6-c1ee4b843234> in <module>()
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----> 1 T.__getattribute__('gt')
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AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'gt'
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In [7]: T = 1,2,'abc',[2,3]
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In [8]: T.__getitem__(2) #获取该元组的第二个对象
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Out[8]: 'abc'
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In [9]: T[2]
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Out[9]: 'abc'
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In [10]: T[6] #越界报错
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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IndexError Traceback (most recent call last)
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<ipython-input-10-bec53b80c70a> in <module>()
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----> 1 T[6]
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IndexError: tuple index out of range
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In [11]: T[-1] #获取该元组的最后一个对象
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Out[11]: [2, 3]
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In [17]: t = T.__getnewargs__()
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In [18]: type(t)
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Out[18]: tuple
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In [19]: t
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Out[19]: ((1, 2, 'abc', [2, 3]),)
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In [20]: len(t)
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Out[20]: 1
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In [21]: help(T.__getnewargs__)
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Help on built-in function __getnewargs__:
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__getnewargs__(...) method of builtins.tuple instance
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In [22]: T = (1,2,3)
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In [23]: T.__hash__()
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Out[23]: -378539185
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In [24]: hash(T)
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Out[24]: -378539185
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In [25]: T = (1,2,'3')
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In [26]: T.__iter__()
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Out[26]: <tuple_iterator at 0x361f390>
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In [27]: for i in T.__iter__():
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...: print (i)
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...:
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1
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2
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3
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In [28]: T = (1,2,'abcdef',[2,3])
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In [29]: T.__len__()
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Out[29]: 4
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In [30]: len(T)
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Out[30]: 4
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In [31]: T = (1,2,'3')
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In [32]: T.__mul__(2)
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Out[32]: (1, 2, '3', 1, 2, '3')
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In [34]: T.__mul__([2])
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
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<ipython-input-34-cf710bf97ffd> in <module>()
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----> 1 T.__mul__([2])
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TypeError: 'list' object cannot be interpreted as an integer
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In [1]: T = (1,2,'3')
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In [2]: T.__repr__()
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Out[2]: "(1, 2, '3')"
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In [3]: type(T.__repr__())
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Out[3]: str
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In [4]: T
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Out[4]: (1, 2, '3')
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In [5]: T.__rmul__(5)
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Out[5]: (1, 2, '3', 1, 2, '3', 1, 2, '3', 1, 2, '3', 1, 2, '3')
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In [6]: T.__rmul__('5')
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
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<ipython-input-6-e2885e94a711> in <module>()
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----> 1 T.__rmul__('5')
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TypeError: 'str' object cannot be interpreted as an integer
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In [1]: T = (1,2,1,1,2,2,3,'3',[4,5])
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In [2]: T.count(1)
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Out[2]: 3
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In [3]: T.count(2)
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Out[3]: 3
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In [4]: T.count(3)
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Out[4]: 1
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In [5]: T.count('3')
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Out[5]: 1
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In [6]: T.count('4')
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Out[6]: 0
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In [12]: T
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Out[12]: (1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, '3', [4, 5])
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In [13]: T.index(1) #返回第一个出现对象的位置
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Out[13]: 0
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In [14]: T.index('3') #返回第一个出现对象的位置
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Out[14]: 7
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In [15]: T.index(0) #元组中不存在是时报错
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
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<ipython-input-15-768d2cfd9263> in <module>()
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----> 1 T.index(0)
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ValueError: tuple.index(x): x not in tuple
文章来源: blog.csdn.net，作者：悦来客栈的老板，版权归原作者所有，如需转载，请联系作者。
原文链接：blog.csdn.net/qq523176585/article/details/77983245
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