使用Python 3编写12306余票查询脚本

  

   

    

     

    
    

     

      import os
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      import json
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      import requests
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      from prettytable import PrettyTable
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      from requests.exceptions import RequestException
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      def getResponse(url,**kwargs):
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 try:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       response = requests.get(url,**kwargs)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 if response.status_code == 200:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 return response
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 else:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 return None
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 except RequestException:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 return None
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      def get_stations():
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       dirname   = os.path.dirname(__file__)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       file = os.path.join(dirname,"stations.json")
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 with open(file,'r',encoding = "utf-8") as json_file:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       stations = json.load(json_file)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 return stations
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      def getleftTickets(stations,train_date,from_station,to_station):
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       query_url   = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryZ'
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       Ticket_data = {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 "leftTicketDTO.train_date":  train_date,
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 "leftTicketDTO.from_station":from_station,
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 "leftTicketDTO.to_station":  to_station,
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 "purpose_codes": "ADULT",
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       headers = {
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 'Host': 'kyfw.12306.cn',
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init',
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.87 Safari/537.36',
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       }
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       data = getResponse(query_url,params = Ticket_data,headers = headers)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 if data is None:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 print ("访问异常!")
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 return None
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       table = PrettyTable(['车次','始发站','终点站','出发时间','抵达时间','历时','商务座','一等座','二等座','高级软卧','软卧','动卧','硬卧','软座','硬座','无坐','其他'])
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       lists = data.json()["data"]["result"]
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 for items in lists:
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info = dict()
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       item = items.split('|')#用"|"进行分割
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['station_train_code'] = item[3] #车次在3号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['from_station_name']  = stations[item[6]] #始发站信息在6号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['to_station_name'] = stations[item[7]] #终点站信息在7号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['start_time'] = item[8] #出发时间信息在8号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['arrive_time'] = item[9] #抵达时间在9号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['last_time'] = item[10] #经历时间在10号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['商务座'] = item[32] or item[25] # 特别注意：商务座在32或25位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['一等座'] = item[31] #一等座信息在31号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['二等座'] = item[30] #二等座信息在30号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['高级软卧'] = item[21] #高级软卧信息在31号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['软卧'] = item[23] #软卧信息在23号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['动卧'] = item[27] #动卧信息在27号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['硬卧'] = item[28] #硬卧信息在28号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['软座'] = item[24] #软座信息在24号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['硬座'] = item[29] #硬座信息在29号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['无座'] = item[26] #无座信息在26号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       ticket_info['其他'] = item[22] #其他信息在22号位置
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       table.add_row(list(ticket_info.values())) 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 print (table)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

      if __name__ == "__main__":
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       train_info = input("请输入起始站，终点站及出发时间，以空格隔开，格式举例：岳阳 深圳 2019-03-10\n")
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       from_station,to_station,train_date = train_info.split()
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       stations = get_stations()
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 assert(from_station in stations)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 assert(to_station   in stations)
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     
 
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       from_station = stations[from_station]
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       to_station   = stations[to_station]
     
    
   

    

     

    
    

     

       getleftTickets(stations,train_date,from_station,to_station)
     
    
  
 

stations.json文件的获取请见上一篇博文。

文章来源: blog.csdn.net，作者：悦来客栈的老板，版权归原作者所有，如需转载，请联系作者。

原文链接：blog.csdn.net/qq523176585/article/details/86693180