Prometheus系列——Prometheus Server安装

    因为一些特殊的原因，最近更新公司的监控系统，从zabbix更换为prometheus，也刚好之前看过《Prometheus监控实战》这本书，一直没有机会实践，正好借此机会实战一下。

    Prometheus就不介绍了吧，网上很多我也不想去抄那些简介了，在此推荐官网的文档Prometheus官方文档，或者中文的文档推荐Prometheus中文文档，他们写的应该比我转述的更牛逼。

    话不多说开始安装，现在此声明一下，笔者安装使用的服务器：CentOS7.6 64位，因为centos6已经稍微落伍了。

    一、下载二进制包安装Prometheus Server

        本文主要介绍使用二进制的方式安装Prometheus，这种方式比较推荐，github的release也有相应的编译好的二进制包，下载对应的版本，就能很好的使用了。笔者安装的环境时CentOS7.6，64位，所以我的二进制包下载地址是：https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.17.1/prometheus-2.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

cd /usr/local/src/
wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.17.1/prometheus-2.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xzf prometheus-2.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv prometheus-2.17.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus

    二、修改配置文件

        笔者将配置文件放到了/etc/prometheus 这个文件夹下面

mkdir -pv /etc/prometheus
cp -a /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml /etc/prometheus

##配置文件内容如下,这个是默认的配置文件，暂时先保持默认：
# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
      # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: 'prometheus'

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
    - targets: ['localhost:9090']

    三、创建prometheus用户以及创建数据存储目录

## 创建用户
useradd  -s /sbin/nologin -M prometheus
## 创建数据目录
mkdir -pv /usr/local/prometheus/data
## 相关目录赋权，因为接下来我配置prometheus启动用户是prometheus这个用户
chown -R promethues.root /etc/prometheus
chown -R promethues.root /usr/local/prometheus

    四、启动Prometheus服务

        1、配置systemd启动prometheus

        其实prometheus启动很简单“/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/usr/local/prometheus/data”这条命令就能启动，但是不易管理，所以配置systemd管理，使用systemd进行启停prometheus

# vim /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus
Documentation=https://prometheus.io/
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/usr/local/prometheus/data
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

        上面这个文件中，如果不指定storage.tsdb.path的话，这个目录会默认配置在prometheus命令所在目录下的data目录中（好像我配置这个就是默认的位置，哈哈哈，就这么任性），哦，对了，为了某些不记得systemd如何启动的同学，我罗列下使用systemd管理prometheus，

# 启动prometheus
systemctl start prometheus
# 查看prometheus状态
systemctl status prometheus
# 开机启动？？？或者让prometheus成为systemd的一个服务
systemctl enable prometheus
# 重启prometheus
systemctl restart prometheus
# 停止prometheus
systemctl stop prometheus

      2、配置supervisor启动prometheus

supervisor配置文件编写

# vim  /etc/supervisord.d/prometheus-server.ini
[program:prometheus-server]                                   #
command=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/usr/local/prometheus/data --storage.tsdb.retention=60d  ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
numprocs=1                                                      ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
directory=/usr/local/prometheus/                          ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
autostart=true                                                  ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
autorestart=true                                                ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true)
startsecs=30                                                    ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1)
startretries=3                                                  ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
exitcodes=0,2                                                   ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
stopsignal=QUIT                                                 ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
stopwaitsecs=10                                                 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
user=root                                                       ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
redirect_stderr=true                                            ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
stdout_logfile=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.stdout.log        ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=64MB                                    ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stdout_logfile_backups=4                                        ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB                                     ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stdout_events_enabled=false                                     ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)

stopasgroup=true
killasgroup=true

superviso.r方式启动

supervisorctl update
supervisorctl start prometheus-server
supervisorctl stop prometheus-server

     五、打开prometheus自带的web界面

        使用四中的命令启动Prometheus，然后访问prometheus默认端口，http://ip:9090/graph

好了，至此prometheus的server端已经完成安装。