GaussDB T 备份工具 Roach 备份数据库

关于GaussDB T 的备份官方推荐了两种方案，一种是使用华为的数据管理平台Database Manager，一种是直接使用工具Roach。
使用Database Manager有图形化管理页面，只需点击即可备份，通过调用roach工具完成，不过需要另外安装一套DM，或者是与其他系统共用。
使用工具Roach直接在服务上备份，该通过物理文件拷贝的方式对数据库进行备份。

本文介绍使用GaussRoach工具完成对数据的备份，增量备份，查看备份、删除备份等内容。

1、安装备份工具Roach

roach是单独的安装包，直接解压即可运行，不过需要设置环境变量，不然会报错，参考：《GaussDB T 备份工具GaussRoach.py 报错：NoneType object has no attribute endswith》https://www.modb.pro/db/13863

[omm@pr7 roach]$ export GAUSSHOME=/opt/gaussdb/app
[omm@pr7 roach]$ export ROACH_HOME=/opt/software/roach
[omm@pr7 roach]$ export GAUSSLOG=/opt/software/roach/log[omm@pr7 roach]$ python GaussRoach.py -h

GaussRoach.py is a utility to backup GaussDB100 to NBU/disk and restore GaussDB100 from NBU/disk.

Usage:
  python GaussRoach.py -h | --help
  python GaussRoach.py -v | --version
  python GaussRoach.py -t start
  python GaussRoach.py -t backup [options]
  python GaussRoach.py -t restore [options]
  python GaussRoach.py -t stop
  python GaussRoach.py -t delete [options]
  python GaussRoach.py -t show [options]
  python GaussRoach.py -t validate [options]

创建相关的目录

mkdir -p /opt/gaussdb/media
mkdir -p /opt/gaussdb/meta

2、全备数据库

直接运行GaussRoach.py配置，–mode指定是单实例还是集群，-t backup指定备份操作，–media-destination指定介质存放目录，–metadata-destination指定元数控存在目录。

[omm@pr7 roach]$ python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t backup --media-destination /opt/gaussdb/media --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta
start run backup.
Successfully backup data, backup key: 20200119_163640, 00:00:20
Performing backup completed.

查看备份

[omm@pr7 roach]$ python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t show --all-backups --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta
start run show.

|  BACKUP KEY   |BKP TYPE|MEDIA |    START TIME     |     END TIME      |  BKP SIZE  |  STATUS   |
|===============|========|======|===================|===================|============|===========|
|20200119_163640|  FULL  | DISK |2020-01-19 16:36:40|2020-01-19 16:37:00|  527.2 MB  |  SUCCESS  |

Performing show completed.

查看备份文件

[root@pr7 gaussdb]# tree me*media
└── roach
    ├── 20200119_163640
        ├── data
        │   ├── arch_3_0.bak
        │   ├── backupset
        │   ├── ctrl_0_0.bak
        │   ├── data_SYSAUX_12_0.bak
        │   ├── data_SYSTEM_0_0.bak
        │   ├── data_TEMP_1_0.bak
        │   ├── data_TEMP2_9_0.bak
        │   ├── data_TEMP2_UNDO_11_0.bak
        │   ├── data_UNDO_3_0.bak
        │   ├── data_USERS_4_0.bak
        │   ├── data_USERS_4_1.bak
        │   └── data_USERS_5_0.bak
        └── path
            └── path.rcd
meta
└── backupset_disk.ini

在数据库中查询表sys_backup_sets信息

[root@pr7 gaussdb]# zsql / as sysdba -q

connected.

SQL> select * from sys.sys_backup_sets;

RECID                TYPE         STAGE        STATUS       INCREMENTAL_LEVEL TAG                                                              SCN                  LSN                  DEVICE_TYPE  BASE_TAG                                                         DIR                                                              RESETLOGS    POLICY                                                           RCY_ASN      RCY_OFFSET           RCY_LFN              LRP_ASN      LRP_OFFSET           LRP_LFN              START_TIME                       COMPLETION_TIME                 
-------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- -------------------- ------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------ -------------------- -------------------- ------------ -------------------- -------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------2                    2            4            0            0                 20200119_163640                                                  7620467342823425     8218862              0                                                                             /opt/gaussdb/media/roach/20200119_163640/data                    0                                                                             3            3678                 92424                3            3693                 92428                2020-01-19 16:36:40.972994       2020-01-19 16:37:00.831938

3、增量备份数据库

增量备份只需在全备基础上指定–prior-backup-key即可。

[omm@pr7 roach]$  python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t backup --media-destination /opt/gaussdb/media --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta --prior-backup-key 20200119_163640
start run backup.
Successfully backup data, backup key: 20200119_164634, 00:00:04
Performing backup completed.
[omm@pr7 roach]$

查看备份信息，BKP TYPE为INCR，增量备份

[omm@pr7 roach]$  python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t show --all-backups --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta
start run show.

|  BACKUP KEY   |BKP TYPE|MEDIA |    START TIME     |     END TIME      |  BKP SIZE  |  STATUS   |
|===============|========|======|===================|===================|============|===========|
|20200119_163640|  FULL  | DISK |2020-01-19 16:36:40|2020-01-19 16:37:00|  527.2 MB  |  SUCCESS  |
|20200119_164634|  INCR  | DISK |2020-01-19 16:46:34|2020-01-19 16:46:39|   296 KB   |  SUCCESS  |

Performing show completed.

[omm@pr7 roach]$  python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t show --last-full-backup --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta
start run show.

|  BACKUP KEY   |BKP TYPE|MEDIA |    START TIME     |     END TIME      |  BKP SIZE  |  STATUS   |
|===============|========|======|===================|===================|============|===========|
|20200119_163640|  FULL  | DISK |2020-01-19 16:36:40|2020-01-19 16:37:00|  527.2 MB  |  SUCCESS  |

4、删除备份数据

删除指定备份集，删除后STATUS显示DELETE

[omm@pr7 roach]$  python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t delete --backup-key 20200119_164634  --media-destination /opt/gaussdb/media  --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta 
start run delete.
start delete backup data.
Successfully delete backup data.
Performing delete completed.
[omm@pr7 roach]$  python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t show --all-backups --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta
start run show.

|  BACKUP KEY   |BKP TYPE|MEDIA |    START TIME     |     END TIME      |  BKP SIZE  |  STATUS   |
|===============|========|======|===================|===================|============|===========|
|20200119_163640|  FULL  | DISK |2020-01-19 16:36:40|2020-01-19 16:37:00|  527.2 MB  |  SUCCESS  |
|20200119_164634|  INCR  | DISK |2020-01-19 16:46:34|2020-01-19 16:46:39|   296 KB   |  DELETE   |

Performing show completed.

BTW：删除其中一个增量备份后，尝试发起增量备份报错，除非再发起一次全部

[omm@pr7 roach]$ python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t backup --media-destination /opt/gaussdb/media --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta --prior-backup-key 20200119_163640
start run backup.
All backup keys are unavailable.
Failed to do backup, All backup keys are unavailable.
All backup keys are unavailable.

删除所有备份集，状态会全部显示为DELETE

[omm@pr7 roach]$  python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t delete --cascade --media-destination /opt/gaussdb/media --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta  --backup-key=20200119_163640
start run delete.
start delete backup data.
Successfully delete backup data.
Performing delete completed.
[omm@pr7 roach]$ 
[omm@pr7 roach]$  python GaussRoach.py --mode single -t show --all-backups --metadata-destination /opt/gaussdb/meta
start run show.

|  BACKUP KEY   |BKP TYPE|MEDIA |    START TIME     |     END TIME      |  BKP SIZE  |  STATUS   |
|===============|========|======|===================|===================|============|===========|
|20200119_163640|  FULL  | DISK |2020-01-19 16:36:40|2020-01-19 16:37:00|  527.2 MB  |  DELETE   |
|20200119_164634|  INCR  | DISK |2020-01-19 16:46:34|2020-01-19 16:46:39|   296 KB   |  DELETE   |

Performing show completed.

转自墨天轮