一、部署Zabbix 5.0环境

1.1、下载Zabbix 5.0镜像

[root@docker36 ~]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/lhrzabbix5:1.0
1.0: Pulling from lhrbest/lhrzabbix5
c1e1cb5fc6d2: Already exists 
f36cbc8bf71f: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:5e22edb3347a27a731bd48742c982e34dcbcd47b63db2e9b64549ad69488475e
Status: Downloaded newer image for registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/lhrzabbix5:1.0
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/lhrzabbix5:1.0

1.2、创建镜像

[root@docker36 ~]# docker run -d --name lhrzabbix5 -h lhrzabbix5 \
>   -p 225:22 -p 23306:3306 -p 280:80 -p 20051:10051 \
>   -v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup \
>   --privileged=true \
>   lhrbest/lhrzabbix5:1.0 /usr/sbin/init
Unable to find image 'lhrbest/lhrzabbix5:1.0' locally
1.0: Pulling from lhrbest/lhrzabbix5
Digest: sha256:5e22edb3347a27a731bd48742c982e34dcbcd47b63db2e9b64549ad69488475e
Status: Downloaded newer image for lhrbest/lhrzabbix5:1.0
7fa309da58043680aa0fa14b0692b35249ad5557d5d4cf0d0897a29afad13256
[root@docker36 ~]# docker exec -it lhrzabbix5 bash
[root@lhrzabbix5 /]# 

1.3、浏览器访问

访问Zabbix：http://192.168.66.36:280/zabbix

默认用户名密码：Admin/zabbix

二、监控Linux主机

监控Linux主机可以通过snmp（Simple Network Management Protocol）简单网络管理协议，也可以通过zabbix-agent监控。本文使用snmp来配置。

yum install -y net-snmp net-snmp-utils

systemctl start snmpd
systemctl status snmpd
systemctl enable snmpd

配置文件：vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf，添加如下内容：

view systemview included .1 

启动snmpd：

[root@lhrzabbix5 ~]# systemctl status snmpd
● snmpd.service - Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Daemon.
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/snmpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-01-13 16:37:24 CST; 39s ago
 Main PID: 81937 (snmpd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/snmpd.service
           └─81937 /usr/sbin/snmpd -LS0-6d -f

Jan 13 16:37:24 docker36 systemd[1]: Starting Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Daemon....
Jan 13 16:37:24 docker36 snmpd[81937]: NET-SNMP version 5.7.2
Jan 13 16:37:24 docker36 systemd[1]: Started Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Daemon..
[root@docker36 ~]# netstat -anp | grep 161
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:161             0.0.0.0:*                           81937/snmpd 

在zabbix server上测试：

nc -zvu localhost 161
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost | wc -l

结果：

[root@lhrzabbix5 /]# nc -zvu  localhost 161
Ncat: Version 7.50 ( https://nmap.org/ncat )
Ncat: Connected to 127.0.0.1:161.
Ncat: UDP packet sent successfully
Ncat: 1 bytes sent, 0 bytes received in 2.02 seconds.
[root@lhrzabbix5 /]# snmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost | wc -l
7086

此时需要在server端配置：

配置——主机——创建主机——移除interface的客户端——添加SNMP客户端

——填写主机名称、可见名称、群组、IP地址，如图所示：

点击添加，然后等待1分钟，等待图标变成绿色即正常，如图所示：

监控结果：

三、监控MySQL实例

被监控端Mysql主机安装Zabbix-agent

rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm

sed -i "s/gpgcheck=1/gpgcheck=0/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo
yum -y install zabbix-agent

被监控端修改zabbix-agent配置文件

vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf

Server=localhost
Hostname=mysql-local


systemctl restart zabbix-agent
systemctl enable zabbix-agent

ss -antulp | grep :10050

日志： /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.log

被监控端修改MySQL配置文件：

mkdir -p /var/lib/zabbix
cat > /var/lib/zabbix/.my.cnf <<"EOF"
[mysql]
host=localhost
user=root
password=lhr
port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqladmin]
host=localhost
user=root
password=lhr
port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

EOF

编辑监控模板，若没有该文件，可以手动新增：

[root@docker35 yum.repos.d]# more /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_mysql.conf
UserParameter=mysql.ping[*], mysqladmin -h"$1" -P"$2" ping
UserParameter=mysql.get_status_variables[*], mysql -h"$1" -P"$2" -sNX -e "show global status"
UserParameter=mysql.version[*], mysqladmin -s -h"$1" -P"$2" version
UserParameter=mysql.db.discovery[*], mysql -h"$1" -P"$2" -sN -e "show databases"
UserParameter=mysql.dbsize[*], mysql -h"$1" -P"$2" -sN -e "SELECT SUM(DATA_LENGTH + INDEX_LENGTH) FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='$3'"
UserParameter=mysql.replication.discovery[*], mysql -h"$1" -P"$2" -sNX -e "show slave status"
UserParameter=mysql.slave_status[*], mysql -h"$1" -P"$2" -sNX -e "show slave status"

重启zabbix-agent：

systemctl restart zabbix-agent

注意：这里的主机名称需要和配置文件中的Hostname=mysql-local保持一致，否则会报错。

等待一会即可看到数据：

四、总结

相比Prometheus来说，感觉zabbix监控MySQL或其它数据库不如Prometheus方便。但是，zabbix和Prometheus都是目前使用率最广泛的2款监控工具。若想学习更多内容请联系麦老师。